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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiolysis of Liquid Neopentane1 (1960)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 82 (1960), S. 5817-5820 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01507a012
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-obese-diabetic mice: immune mechanisms of pancreatic β-cell destruction (1984)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 27 (1984), S. 113-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Non-obese diabetic mice ; autoimmunity ; B-lymphocyte ; islet cell surface antibody ; anti-lymphocyte antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sequence of events shortly before the initiation of diabetes in female non-obese diabetic mice was studied. Immunologically, anti-lymphocyte antibodies appeared most frequently at 3 weeks of age and decreased thereafter. Insulin concentrations dropped after the initiation of mononuclear cell infiltration into the islets. The majority of female mice lost approximately 85% of their insulin at aged 22 weeks. Islet cell surface antibodies appeared most frequently during this period (12–18 weeks). Morphological examination revealed that mononuclear cells start to infiltrate islets at 6 weeks of age and involve major areas of the islets in females aged 22 weeks. Among these mononuclear cells, IgM-positive cells were found to be a major constituent, forming follicular (nodular) cell aggregates. T-helper and/or T-cytotoxic cells (Lyt-1-, and/or Lyt-2-positive cells) were fewer and located mainly around the follicular structures. Asialo GM1-positive lymphocytes (natural killer cells), though present, were far fewer. The process of destruction of pancreatic islets in non-obese diabetic mice is discussed with emphasis on the characteristic local immune response in the pancreas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275663
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eighth annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (1973)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 9 (1973), S. 57-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01226005
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical demonstration of serotonin nerve fibers in the corpus striatum of the rat, cat and monkey (1985)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 173 (1985), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Striatum ; Globus pallidus ; Mammals (rat, cat,Macaca fuscata) ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the corpus striatum of the rat, cat and monkey was studied with modified peroxidase-antiperoxidase method using serotonin antiserum without any pretreatment. In the neostriatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) of all mammalian species investigated, the immunoreactive fibers were distinct varicose fibers in a fine network. The concentration of these fibers was high in the ventral, medial and caudal neostriatum. Especially in the area bounded by the globus pallidus, serotonin fibers were abundant and compactly arranged along the nucleus. In this area of the monkey, a few thick fibers (tract fibers) were intermingled; they ran along the lateral medullary lamina. Such tract fibers were also observed outside the medial medullary lamina and in the central portion of the medial pallidal segment. The paleostriatum (globus pallidus and entopeduncular nucleus) of the rat and cat as well as the medial pallidal segment of the monkey was diffusely innervated with serotonin fibers composed of numerous varicosities and fine intervaricose segments, while in the lateral pallidal segment of the monkey, the distribution of fibers was scantly and partial. Our results hint at the morphological basis of the serotonergic regulation of the extrapyramidal system in mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00707298
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical studies of serotonin nerve fibers in the substantia nigra of the rat, cat and monkey (1987)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 176 (1987), S. 13-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Substantia nigra ; Mammals (rat, cat, Macaca fuscata) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the substantia nigra of the rat, cat and monkey was studied with a highly sensitive peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical method. Serotonin fibers in the substantia nigra of all species consisted of fine varicose fibers and formed a fine network. In the zona compacta of all species, serotonin fibers were sparsely distributed. In the zone reticularis of the rat and cat, these fibers were densely distributed and their distributional pattern was almost uniform, while in the monkey such fibers were unevenly distributed and high and low dense areas were intermingled. In the pars lateralis of all species, serotonin fibers were diffusely distributed, and the distributional density was much higher in the cat and monkey than in the rat. Immunoelectron-microscopic studies further revealed that a majority of the labeled varicosities in the rat substantia nigra were in close apposition to peridendritic axon terminals and were also free in the neuropil; occasionally they exhibited symmetrical synapses of “en passant” type with non-immunoreactive dendrites or somata. Our results support a functional significance of serotonergic regulation of the substantia nigra in mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00309747
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Annulate lamellae in prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas (1983)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 61 (1983), S. 10-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Annulate lamellae ; Prolactin ; Prolactinoma ; Pituitary neoplasma ; Pituitary gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron-microscopic examination revealed the presence of annulate lamellae in four of five prolactinomas. All the patients examined were 24–30-year-old women who had suffered from amenorrhea and galactorrhea for 3–5 years. Serum levels of prolactin were 114–4,700 ng/ml. The tumors removed by a transsphenoidal approach were 4–23 mm in diameter and showed the ultrastructural features of sparsely granulated prolactinoma. Analysis in correlation with clinical and laboratory data revealed that the annulate lamellae were found in rapidly growing prolactinomas. This is the fifth report on pituitary adenomas with annulate lamellae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688380
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The time course of renal function and bone turnover in parathyroid crisis due to intratumoral hemorrhage (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 448-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Parathyroid ; Crisis ; Kidney ; Bone ; Turnover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Parathyroid crisis occurring in primary hyperparathyroidism is characteized by extremely high circulating levels of parathyroid hormone and acute onset of severe hypercalcemia. We describe a 62-year-old woman with parathyroid crisis probably due to an intraturnoral hemorrhage. Renal dysfunction reduced the effectiveness of preoperative management and continued to deteriorate for 5 days after parathyroidectomy. The normalization of serum calcium after parathyroidectomy delayed and it took 6 days. Maintenance of renal function is important for pre- and postoperative courses of the present case. The rapid decrease in serum parathyroid hormone after parathyroidectomy was followed by a rapid and transient (about fivefold) increase in serum alkaline phosphatase with peak value on the 10th postoperative day. This indicated that reversal phase from bone resorption (accelerated by parathyroid hormone) to bone formation lasted about 10 days under the conditions of the present case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180519
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synchronization of motor units and its simulation in parallel feedback system (1976)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 21 (1976), S. 107-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Comparison of the discharge patterns of soleus motor units with associated changes in force exerted by foot during quiet stance have already demonstrated the following facts. In the initial stage of standing, the motor units exhibited stationary and asynchronous discharges. The force showed a sporadic presence of the high frequency oscillation in the 8–10 Hz band. After five to ten minutes of standing, the firing rate of individual motor unit discharges increased to about 10 spikes/sec and discharges of each motor unit were synchronized and phase-locked to each of the accompanying force oscillation. During this transitional stage, the discharges of motor units were characterized by spike dropouts from an otherwise regular spike train. To simulate the changes in the discharge characteristics, we have proposed a parallel feedback model of the stretch reflex arc. This was made of multiple α-motoneurons, motor units and muscle spindles. And motor units interact each other through group Ia afferent signals. As a result of simulation, motor units were found to exhibit stationary and asynchronous discharges when feedback gain was kept small. With an increase of feedback gain, the firing rate of individual motor units increased and finally the discharges of them were synchronized. During this transitional stage, the spike dropouts were observed in accordance with the experimental results. The neuronal mechanism of synchronization may partly be explained by the interactions of motor neurons through the above stated parallel feedback system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01259393
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of new trabecular bone in osteopenic ovariectomized rats by prostaglandin E2 (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 80-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: PGE2 ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; New bone trabeculae ; Positive balance ; Accelerated bone turnover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Serum chemistry and bone morphometry of the proximal tibial metaphysis were performed in 3-month-old double fluorescent-labeled, female Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to bilateral ovariectomy or sham surgery for 4 months prior to treatment with 0, 0.3, 1, 3, or 6 mg of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)/kg/day subcutaneously for 30 days. The 4-month postovariectomized rats possessed an osteopenic proximal tibial metaphysis with 7% trabecular area compared with controls (19%). PGE2 treatment elevated osteocalcin levels and augmented proximal tibial metaphyseal bone area in ovariectomized and sham-operated rats. Osteopenic, ovariectomized rats treated with 6 mg PGE2/kg/day for 30 days restored bone area to levels of agematched sham-operated rats. Morphometric analyses showed increased woven and lamellar bone area, fluorescent-labeled perimeter (osteoblastic recruitment), mineral apposition rate (osteoblastic activity), bone formation rate (BFR/BV), and longitudinal bone growth. These dramatic bone changes were all significantly increased at the doseresponse manner. This study showed that in vivo PGE2 is a powerful activator of bone remodeling, it increases both bone resorption and bone formation, and produces an anabolic effect by shifting bone balance to the positive direction. Furthermore, PGE2-induced augmentation of metaphyseal bone area in ovariectomized rats was at least two times greater than in sham-operated rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297302
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-tetanic effect on dorsal root reflex and flexor reflex in the forelimb of cats (1974)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 21 (1974), S. 361-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: DRR ; FR ; Post tetanic effects ; Tight coupling ; Common interneuron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An attempt was made to elucidate whether changes in presynaptic events (dorsal root reflex, DRR) are reflected tightly in those of postsynaptic events (flexor reflex, FR) by comparing post tetanic time courses of both reflexes. 1. The DRR recorded from a sensory branch of median nerve (MN) or from the superficial radial nerve (SRN) elicited by test stimulation (TS) to the other nerve showed post tetanic depression (PTD) following tetanic conditioning stimulation (CS) to the nerve to which TS was applied. Simultaneously recorded FR in the deep radial nerve showed post tetanic potentiation. Post tetanic effects such as time constants and durations were identical for the DRR and FR at fixed conditioning frequency. Optimal frequency, producing maximum effects, was 300–500 Hz when the MN was conditioned, but 50–100 Hz when the SRN was conditioned. 2. Antidromic spike potentials (ASP) and synaptically evoked late potentials (ALP) were elicited by the intramedullary terminal's stimulation. Following CS to either the MN or SRN, the ASPs recorded from the conditioned nerve and the ALPs recorded from the conditioned and unconditioned nerves showed PTD. When the MN was conditioned, the ASP and ALP changed in parallel relation. Optimal frequency of CS was 300–500 Hz. When the SRN was conditioned, the ALP changed in opposite relation with the ASP. Optimal frequency of the ALP was 50–100 Hz although that of the ASP was 300–500 Hz. Such a difference in the optimal frequencies of the ALPs was similar to that of the DRRs. Furthermore, central delay of the ALP was identical to that of the DRR. 3. These results indicated that the DRR and FR share the common intraspinal pathway, but the property of the interneurons connected with the MN is different from those with the SRN. For the PTD of DRR, the additional interneurons seem to be necessary. The functional meaning of the difference in the property of those interneurons was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237899
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