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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indian childhood cirrhosis — like liver disease in an Arab child. A brief report (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 225-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Indian childhood cirrhosis ; Liver ; Copper storage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An Arab female child presented with rapidly progressive liver disease, with apparent onset in late infancy and death at 15 months. Microscopy showed panacinar hepatitis, portal and pericellular fibrosis, and diffuse Mallory bodies in the absence of steatosis or significant cholestasis. Hepatic copper concentration was moderately elevated. Known causes of early childhood cirrhosis were excluded. This case meets most of the established criteria of Indian childhood cirrhosis, yet is unusual in its occurrence in a child of Arab ancestry and in having a moderate degree of hepatocellular copper overload.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193504
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nature and significance of liver cell vacuolation following hepatocellular injury — an analysis based on observations on rats rendered tolerant to hepatotoxic damage (1996)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 428 (1996), S. 353-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Hepatocyte cytoplasmic vacuolation ; Glycogen accumulation ; Tolerance to toxic injury ; Adaptation versus degeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Swelling with nonlipid cytoplasmic vacuolation of diffusely distributed hepatocytes is seen consistently after mild acute and subacute liver injury. Several lines of evidence point to the possibility that this change may reflect a cellular adaptation beneficial to the host, rather than a degenerative change. The nature and significance of this morphological manifestation were tested in batches of albino rats given small doses of a variety of hepatotoxins, some of which were subsequently challenged with a large highly necrogenic dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Morphological and biochemical investigations showed that cytoplasmic vacuolation of liver cells following low doses of toxins was due to excess accumulation of glycogen, predominantly of the monoparticulate form. These cells lacked features of degeneration or regeneration and were much less susceptible to injury by the large dose CCl4, as assessed by structural and serum enzyme analyses. This tolerance to toxic damage seemed to be associated with excess accumulation of intracellular glycogen. We conclude from these and other observations on animal and human livers that many of the vacuolated hepatocytes seen in liver injury are cells adaptively altered to resist further insult rather than cells undergoing hydropic degeneration, as is commonly believed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium deposition on the maternal surface of the human placenta: A scanning electron microscopic study (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 234 (1984), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Full-term ; Normal pregnancy ; Placental calcifications ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To explore the role of calcium in the materno-foetal relationship we decided to study the surface ultrastructure of the human placenta. Fresh pieces of tissues were obtained from central and peripheral parts of the maternal surface of human full-term placentas, processed and then examined with the Scanning Electron Microscope. Calcium depositions could only be seen at higher magnifications in forms of flecks, plaques, and concretions. They were frequently found in firm association with the tips of microvilli projecting from the apical parts of the syncytiotrophoblasts, which led to the clumping of those tips. Regional variations in the distribution of calcium deposits were apparent. Our findings indicate that placental calcification is a continual process occurring simultaneously in various parts of the placenta to varying degrees. Moreover, it seems possible that the process of placental calcification is of clinical and pathological significance bearing relationship to both maternal and foetal conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00570752
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface ultrastructure of the human placental villi and sites of contact with maternal red blood cells (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 233 (1982), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Full term ; Placenta ; Normal pregnancy ; Surface ultrastructure ; Red blood cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary With the aid of the scanning electron microscope the possible sites of materno-foetal oxygen transfer were investigated. Fresh small tissue pieces were obtained and processed from at least six regions of central and peripheral parts of the maternal surface of human full-term placentas. The surface ultrastructural features of the syncytiotrophoblast lining the stem and floating villi were surveyed. The microvilli projecting from the apical portion of the syncytiotrophoblast appeared to be highly pleomorphic and showed regional variation in their distribution. On the other hand, our results confirmed the occurrence of non-microvillous areas on the apices of some floating villi. When present, these areas were always free from contact with maternal red blood cells. Maternal red blood cells, however, were seen in close contact only with areas covered with microvilli. Occasionally, impressions (“footmarks”) were apparent on some surfaces and detached microvilli were seen adherent to the surface of other maternal red cells which had separated from the villous surface. Our results indicate, therefore, that the microvillous areas of the chorionic villi are the most likely sites for oxygen transfer and that one of the functions of the microvilli is gas transfer across the placenta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02110681
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loss and regeneration of the microvilli of human placental syncytiotrophoblast (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 240 (1987), S. 147-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Scanning electron microscopy ; Red blood cells ; Placental calcification ; Microvilli ; Regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to explore the functional role of microvilli of the syncytiotrophoblast of the human full-term placenta, 16 placentas were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our results showed that the microvilli projecting from the apical portion of the syncytiotrophoblast appeared to be highly pleomorphic and showed regional variations in their distribution. This has been correlated to the difference in the stage of growth of microvilli following certain obvious examples of loss. Such a process of distortion and renewal or regeneration may suggest a dynamic functional activity of the microvilli on the villous surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207709
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of ZnSiP2 from tin solution and temperature composition diagram of the ZnSiP2: Sn system (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1973), S. 1523-1526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract ZnSiP2 crystals (1 cm or more in length) have been grown from tin solution on a reproducible basis. The dimensions of the largest crystals obtained were 1.7×0.25×0.03 cm3 and 2×0.1×0.02 cm3. The temperature of the reaction region was 1050 to 1080° C and the cooling rate used to form these crystals was 7.5°C h−1. A practical temperature-composition section of the ZnSiP2:Sn phase diagram has been determined by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction measurements and microscopic studies. The resulting information on the liquidus temperature variation with composition served to give better control of ZnSiP2 growth from tin solution. It was concluded that ZnSiP2 reacted eutectically with Sn and the eutectic composition was close to 100%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00754885
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and phase studies of the ternary semiconducting compounds ZnSnP2, ZnGeP2, ZnSiP2, CdGeP2, and CdSiP2 (1969)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 4 (1969), S. 895-901 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract ZnSnP2, ZnGeP2, ZnSiP2, CdGeP2 and CdSiP2 have been prepared in single or polycrystalline form by direct synthesis from the elements, combination of the group IV element with the II-V2 phosphide, vapour transport or solution growth. Differential thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction studies have been used to determine the temperatures of phase transitions in each of these compounds. Of particular interest is the observation of a phase transition in CdSiP2 at 1098° C some 22° C below the melting point. The thermal analysis studies of ZnSnP2 indicate a peak, the cause of which is uncertain, at 720° C which is well separated from the melting temperature of 930° C; further ZnSnP2 does not appear to be congruently melting and has a freezing point at 970° C. c/a ratios have been determined for all five compounds to 1 part in 2000.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00549781
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural localization of adenosine triphosphatase activity in lymphocytes activatedin vitro by phytohaemagglutinin (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 14 (1982), S. 593-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural localization of Ca2+, Mg2+-activated ATPase was studied in phytohaemagglutinin activated lymphocytes and in normal unstimulated lymphocytes. Cells, fixed in paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde, were incubated in a medium containing 3mm ATP, 5mm CaCl2 and 2.4mm Pb(NO3)2 in 0.1m tris buffer at pH 8.5, the optimum pH for histochemical demonstration of this enzyme. Reaction product was localized i the endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear membrane, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria and on the membrane surrounding large electron-dense bodies. Cytoplasmic vesicles and the plasma membrane were negative. Activity in unstimulated lymphocytes showed a similar localization but the amount of endoplasmic reticulum was much less than in activated lymphocytes. The pH of the medium was critical for the localization of the enzyme. At pH 7.5, the cytoplasmic reaction was almost completely inhibited but a dense precipitate was present on the outer surface of the plasma membrane. The reaction was stimulated by either Ca2+ or Mg2+ and was greatly decreased in the absence of these cations or in the presence ofp-chloromercuribenzoate orN-ethylmaleimide. Oligomycin inhibited selectively the reaction in mitochondria but not the reaction at other sites. While the reaction in mitochondria showed complete substrate specificity, a mild reaction was obtained at the other sites with uridine diphosphate or sodium β-glycophosphate as substrate. ATP was, however, the preferential substate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01011892
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical localization of adenosine triphosphatase activity in thymus: A light microscopical and ultrastructural study (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 18 (1986), S. 341-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural localization of ATPase at high pH in the presence of Ca2+ showed that activity in thymocyte precursors was stronger than in mature thymocytes. The activity was localized in the nuclear envelope, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria. The difference in activity was attributed to a marked decrease in ATPase-containing organelles, mainly the endoplasmic reticulum in the mature thymocytes. This appears to be related to the proliferative activity of the cells rather than to the immunological maturity of the thymocytes. A very strong activity, also localized in the same organelles, was present in the macrophages and interdigitating cells which might have a secretory function and possibly contribute to thymocyte maturation. The Ca2+—ATPase activity in the nuclear envelope—endoplasmic reticulum system suggests that these may be the sites for storage and regulation of cytoplasmic calcium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01675214
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