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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mobile high-frequency mini-SODAR and its potential for boundary-layer studies (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 57 (1993), S. 57-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 43.85.+f ; 92.60.Fm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract After a short review of the history of the mini-SODAR, the differences between conventinal SODAR and mini-SODARs are discussed. The background for the interpretation of the turbulent structure parameters are given. In view of existing mini-SODAR systems, some design criteria for portable systems are presented. The limitations in minimum range, vertical resolutions and velocity resolution are discussed. Results from an Arctic boundary-layer experiment, where three monostatic systems are used on a small scale, show the potential of its application. In view of other applications, future developments are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324101
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mean canopy flow in an oak forest and estimation of the foliage profile by a numerical model (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 41 (1990), S. 129-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The interaction of flow with the canopy structure is shown for an oak forest with hornbean trees (Carpinus betulus) as dense undergrowth using a large sample of 15 min mean profiles for the winter (without leaves) and the summer period (with leaves). The usefulness of the canopy flow index is analysed. To identify the processes involved in the momentum interaction a first-order closure model is interactively used. An approximation of the foliage area density from wind profile measurements is derived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00866436
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations of flow structure in a small forested valley system (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 52 (1995), S. 3-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Features of the mean flow structure in a small valley system in the Rosalian mountain range are discussed using data from a wind measurement network. Tethered balloon measurements during periods of clear sky form the basic dataset for the analysis of drainage winds and temperature inversions. During periods of weak ambient winds the existence of a pure thermally driven nocturnal valley wind system is shown. With strong ambient winds opposing the drainage flow, a reduced drainage height but the same jet maximum as with weak ambient winds is found. On the other hand with “aiding” flow the drainage winds are suppressed and flow reversal can occur. This strong valley flow interaction with the ambient wind indicates considerable dynamic influence on the evolution of drainage winds and on the breakup of temperature inversion structure for small valleys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00865503
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 37 (1986), S. 110-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00866110
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mini-Sodar Observations of Drainage Flows in the Rocky Mountains (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 64 (1999), S. 83-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary  Vertical profiles of drainage winds were monitored continuously by a Doppler-Mini-Sodar during case studies in two valleys, on both sides of the U. S. Continental Divide. A tethered balloon provided additional information on the vertical temperature and wind structure up to the Divide level. Ambient wind data were collected by a radar wind profiler on the west side, and a tower on the crest of the Divide. The onset, evolution and breakup of the drainage flow were studied on two nights, when the ridge-top winds were westerly and skies were clear. To study the influence of the ambient flow on drainage winds, changes in drainage wind speed, direction and depth, along with the volume flux were examined. It was found that, on the leeward side, the drainage was strongly influenced by the ambient winds (King, 1995b), which led to interruption and erosion of the locally generated valley flow. The drainage on the windward side of the Divide was almost undisturbed. A comparison of balloon and sodar wind profiles showed very good agreement during steady drainage conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007040050113
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of Diffusion in a Wide Alpine Valley (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 64 (1999), S. 93-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary  A K-type diffusion model coupled with a massconsistent wind model is applied for one of the rural biological waste disposal sites in Austrian Alps. The site is situated in the Pöls valley in the eastern Alps, 250 km south-west of Vienna in Austria Aim of the study is to demonstrate dispersion of H2S from the site to near by village. Model simulations are carried out each for an evening and a morning transition case characterized by flow reversals. The role of locally generated wind in changing the pollutant distribution over nearby residential area is investigated. Surface observations at two stations toward the open boundaries of the main valley are used to derive the turbulence parameters and then to obtain initial inputs of wind profiles. The turbulence parameters behave analogous to that over a plane terrain after the establishment of the valley wind. The model simulations are done for eight hours during the evening transition and eighteen hours for the morning transition by incorporating the wind field from a mass consistent wind model. The results are compared with SF6 tracer experiments conducted during those periods. The model outputs and the observations at various points inside the valley are in good correlation except for NW part of the valley after the reversal of valley wind. The results also reveal the potential of a simple approach with minimized inputs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007040050114
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An example of visualization of the kinematic structure around a single building (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 41 (1990), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The method of flow visualization with smoke allowed us to check the complexity of flow around an isolated building in a full-scale experiment. In the upstream zone the well established „horseshoe“ vortex could be verified. Also the frontal separation point was clearly documented. Whether the flow reattaches to the sidewalls depends on the length of the building. Of special interest was the downstream region. In this region strong interaction of the different vortex structures was observed. The rising spiral vortices, which originated at the lateral edges, are important. Also an occasional breakdown and fast reorganization of the vortex is an interesting fact. This simple flow visualization experiment agrees well with the extensive laboratory experiments and topological criteria developed and used by Hunt (1978).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00866207
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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