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  • 1
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Scintigraphy ; Hot nodule ; Thyroid cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 70-year-old woman presented with a nodule in the thyroid gland. 131I scintigraphy of the gland showed a hot nodule. Histology of the resected thyroid revealed a papillary adenocarcinoma. Although a thyroid carcinoma with a hot nodule seen on the radioiodine isotope scan is a very rare occurrence, it is clinically very important because it may indicate a thyroid malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Lambert-Eaton ; myasthenic syndrome ; ω-Conotoxin ; MVIIC ; Voltage-gated calcium ; channel (VGCC) ; Binding ; antibody ; Blocking antibody
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An immunoprecipitation assay was used to measure ω-conotoxin MVIIC (P/Q-type) binding and blocking calcium channel antibodies in 67 patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) and in a large control population. We first showed the presence of ω-conotoxin MVIIC-blocking antibody in LEMS patients. Binding antibodies were detected in 55 of 67 (82.1%) LEMS patients and in 2 of 296 (0.7%) controls. In contrast, blocking antibodies were positive in 14 of 67 (20.9%) LEMS patients and 8 of 171 (4.7%) controls. No LEMS patient had negative binding antibodies and positive blocking antibodies. The immunoprecipitation assay detected no antibodies against the whole P/Q-type calcium channel in either the paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration or the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis sera. Neither the ω-conotoxin MVIIC-binding nor the -blocking calcium channel antibodies were correlated with clinical severity across the individuals, but longitudinal studies of some LEMS patients showed an inverse relation between binding antibody titre and disease severity. We concluded that the 125I-ω-conotoxin MVIIC assay for anti-P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies is highly specific for LEMS and that this sensitive binding antibody assay could be more valuable than the blocking antibody assay in the diagnosis of LEMS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-5604
    Keywords: hypoparathyroidism ; bone mineral density ; age-related bone loss
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a key factor involved in the systemic regulation of bone resorption. It is well known that a high turnover of bone occurred together with the reduced bone mass in patients with hyperparathyroidism. However, the effect of subnormal secretion of PTH on age-related bone loss has not been extensively investigated. Recently, some investigators and us have focused on the effect of suppressed PTH secretion and have demonstrated that patients with subnormal secretion of PTH preserved a relatively higher bone mineral densities than age- and sex-matched controls. We believe that these results will give a new insight into the mechanism of age-related bone loss or osteoporosis. Further studies are needed to evaluate the mechanisms of this protective effect of suppressed PTH secretion on bone mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of bone and mineral metabolism 12 (1994), S. S183 
    ISSN: 1435-5604
    Keywords: parathyroid hormone-related protein ; parathyroid hormone ; hemodynamic system ; central regulation ; blood pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is one of the main factors from tumors causing malignancy associated hypercalcemia. It is also expressed in various kinds of normal tissues including vascular smooth muscle systems. Colocalization of the PTH/PTHrP receptor and locally produced PTHrP and its vasorelaxant activities suggest that PTHrP has a regulatory role in the modulation of blood pressure (BP). There have been many evidences that indicate the importance of circulating PTH and PTH/PTHrP receptors in the regulation of BP in various conditions. These data suggest that, under normal physiological conditions, locally produced PTHrP is a real factor that regulates these smooth musele systems in a paracrine or autocrine fashion. The central nervous system also has a very important role to regulate the BP. The evidence that PTHrP is expressed in the central nervous system and the presence of the PTHrP immunoreactivity in human cerebrospinal fluid lead to the possibility that PTHrP has some role in the central regulation of BP. We have found that intraventricularly administered PTHrP had a pressor effect on systemic BP which support the previous possibility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: 31P-NMR Spectroscopy ; acute viral hepatitis A ; liver regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the changes in hepatocellular phospholipid metabolism during hepatitis virus infection, 26 patients with acute viral hepatitis A were studied by means of phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) spectroscopy. The spectroscopy of liver showed six signal components in all patients as well as in the normal volunteers. During the early phase of illness, the phosphomonoester (PME)-phosphodiester (PDE) ratios in the patients became markedly greater than the ratios in the controls (P〈0.001). Within six weeks after the onset, the PME/PDE ratios returned to the level of controls. The time course analysis indicated an inverse correlation between the PME/PDE ratio and the period of time after onset (r=0.738,P〈0.001). The spectral changes of human liver observed in acute viral hepatitis A are similar to those in the regenerating rat liver, indicating that31P-NMR spectroscopy allows a noninvasive study of cell turnover in human liver disease associated with acute virus infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) ; human anti-HTLV-I-env antibodies ; synthetic peptides ; immunodominant sites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract HTLV-I (human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I) is the retrovirus related to two distinct diseases, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). We analyzed the difference in antibody activities against the viral protein and the difference in specificities of anti-HTLV-I envelope antibodies among HTLV-I-infected individuals from the same HTLV-I-endemic area using a HTLV-I-gag-env hybrid protein and HTLV-I-env-encoded synthetic peptides as antigens, respectively. The difference in the responses of IgG anti-HTLV-I envelope antibody production among HTLV-I-infected individuals was qualitative as well as quantitative. Sera from patients with HAM showed significantly higher activities of antibodies against HTLV-I-gag-env hybrid protein than sera from other HTLV-I-infected individuals including ATLL patients. The specificities of IgG anti-HTLV-I-envelope antibodies, tested on seven synthetic envelope peptides, were directed mainly against four sites, V1E7 (residues 97–111), V1E8 (191–209), and V1E9 (268–286) on gp46 and V1E1 (342–363) on gp21. Three of these sites were shown to be immunodominant T-cell sites in mice in our previous study. Whereas patients in all categories made antibodies specific for V1E1 and V1E8, only HAM patients made antibodies to the V1E7 and V1E9 epitopes, suggesting a qualitative difference in response. Whether this difference is of pathogenetic significance is not clear. The antibody activities and the specificities against the envelope protein were also analyzed in nine HTLV-I-infected polyarthritis patients because a clinical entity of specific arthritis related to HTLV-I infection has been suggested; the activities of anti-HTLV-I antibodies in sera from HTLV-I-infected polyarthritis patients were not different from the activities of the antibodies from normal HTLV-I-carriers, and no envelope peptide-specificity unique for the arthritis patients was detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: transcatheter arterial embolization ; hepatoma ; serum pancreatic enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We analyzed the serial changes in serum pancreatic enzyme activities by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in 20 hepatoma patients with liver cirrhosis in an attempt to evaluate the incidence of the pancreatic tissue damage by TAE. Serum amylase activities increased in two (10%) cases, elastase 1 levels in six (30%) cases, and trypsin and pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) levels in each of five (25%) cases. Consequently, TAE resulted in the elevation of at least more than one serum pancreatic enzyme in eitht (40%) of 20 cases, although none had clinical symptoms related to pancreatitis When the adverse effect on the pancreatic tissue was compared among 6 cases of the superselective TAE and 14 cases of the nonsuperselective TAE, which were perfomed from the segmental and the nonsegmental hepatic arteries, respectively, the elevation of serum pancreatic enzymes was caused only by nonsuperselective TAE, not by superselective TAE. The volumes of Spongel and lipiodol used or the injected doses of the anticancer agent mitomycin C were not different between the two groups. These results indicate that TAE for the treatment of hepatoma frequently causes pancreatic tissue damage, and the position of the inserted catheter tip is very important to avoid the pancreatic tissue damage by TAE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: 125I-labeled insulin-like growth factor-I binding sites ; rat forebrain ; rat pituitary gland ; quantitative receptor autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Specific125I-labeled insulin-like growth factor-I ([125I] IGF-I) binding sites in the rat forebrain and pituitary gland were investigated using quantitative receptor autoradiography. 2. High densities of [125I]IGF-I binding sites were present in the olfactory nerve layer, olfactory glomerular layer, choroid plexus, CA3 and CA4 of the hippocampus, basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, and endopiriform nucleus. Moderate to high binding densities were found in the cerebral cortex (II, VI), bed nucleus stria terminalis, accumbens nucleus, lateral septum, median preoptic nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, and ventroposterior thalamic nucleus. In the circumventricular organs, subfornical organ, vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, and median eminence, the binding sites were numerous. High densities of [125I]IGF-I binding sites were also observed in the anterior pituitary gland. 3. In kinetic experiments, [125I]IGF-I binding sites in the olfactory glomerular layer, choroid plexus, median eminence, and anterior pituitary gland were found to be single and of a high affinity. 4. Noteworthy was the difference in the potency of insulin in inhibiting the binding among the areas examined, a finding which suggests heterogeneity of IGF-I receptors. 5. The possibility that IGF-I plays the role of a neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulator in the central nervous system warrants further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy ; polymerase chain reaction ; gene deletion ; carrier detection ; prenatal diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnosis was carried out in 62 patients (57 probands) with Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD or BMD) and 226 members in 57 families. The PCR studies were also performed for carrier detection in 57 mothers and 58 sisters, and prenatal diagnosis of 4 fetuses at risk of DMD. The PCR with 7 sets of primers, which amplify 7 different exon-sequences of the dystrophin gene, detected gene deletion of at least one exon in 49% of the probands. The PCR with the other 4 primer sets, which amplify 3 intragenic loci, and subsequent endonuclease digestion detected in 84% of the mothers a heterozygous pattern in at least one such locus/segment. Using the same primer sets, carrier detection was successful in 5 sisters of familial DMD cases, while recombination between the ERT87 and the 3′ end intragenic loci was observed in 11% of family members studied. Prenatal diagnosis was made in all the 4 fetuses; two males were affected, one male fetus non-affected, and the remaining one female fetus a carrier. Thus, the PCR study and the primers used in the present study are useful and convincing for rapid diagnosis of DMD and/or BMD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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