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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embolization of cerebral aneurysms with a liquid embolus, EVAL mixture: Report of three cases (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 294-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral aneurysm ; endovascular surgery ; EVAL mixture ; liquid embolus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Embolization of three surgically difficult cerebral aneurysms was performed using our newly developed non-adhesive embolic material, EVAL mixture (ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer). Conventional embolic materials such as detachable balloons or microcoils were not used because of a large or irregular aneurysmal neck. After temporary occlusion of the parent artery with a superselective balloon catheter, the EVAL mixture was slowly injected through a microcatheter placed in the aneurysm or parent artery. The locations of the aneurysms were anterior communicating artery, basilar artery-posterior cerebral artery and basilar artery-anterior inferior cerebellar artery (BA-AICA). One aneurysmal occlusion and 2 parent artery occlusions were performed. Patients had no persistent deficits. The patient with the BA-AICA aneurysm associated with an arteriovenous malformation died of rupture of the residual AVM due to haemodynamic change 2 weeks after embolization. In selected and limited cases, embolization of surgically difficult cerebral aneurysms using EVAL mixture was more effective and safer than embolization using conventional embolic materials such as balloons and microcoils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411740
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathogenetic and therapeutic considerations of carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 127 (1994), S. 6-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Carotid-cavernous fistula ; interventional radiology ; trauma ; aneurysm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is a syndrome in which arteriovenous shunts exist between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. These shunts vary widely in pathogenesis, angiogram, haemodynamics and treatment. Several systems of classification in terms of either haemodynamics, aetiology and/or pathogenesis have been reported, but they are not comprehensive. A more comprehensive and simpler nomenclature of classification is now required. Fifty seven cases of CCFs were analyzed and were classified according to their pathogenesis, angiography and treatment modalities. There were 11 traumatic CCFs with direct shunts (T-D group), and 2 traumatic CCFs with indirect shunts (T-I group). Spontaneous CCFs were divided into three groups. There were 37 spontaneous CCFs caused by dural arteriovenous shunts that were naturally classified as being indirect shunts (SD-I group). There were 5 spontaneous CCFs caused by suspected connective tissue disorders, such as fibromuscular dysplasia, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome etc.; these had direct shunts. Care was needed to avoid dissection of the artery or complications due to the fragility of connective tissue (SC-D group). There were 2 spontaneous CCFs caused by the rupture of an inflaclinoid aneurysm without any background of connective tissue disorder; these had direct shunts (SA-D group). By this system of grouping and use of abbreviations, each case of CCF can be clearly delineated in terms of its pathogenesis and selection for appropriate treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01808538
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for new phases in Ln-doped La"1"."8"7"5Ba"0"."1"2"5CuO"4 (Ln=Nd, Sm)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Solid State Communications 82 (1992), S. 975-978 
    Details
    ISSN: 0038-1098
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0038-1098(92)90731-N
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transvenous embolization of dural caroticocavernous fistulae: technical considerations (1993)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 35 (1993), S. 475-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Dural arteriovenous fistula ; Cavernous sinus ; Transvenous embolization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sixteen patients with symptomatic dural caroticocavernous fistulae were treated by transvenous embolization, via the jugular vein and inferior petrosal sinus. The fistula was occuladed by thrombogenic coils. Complete resolution of symptoms and signs was achieved in 14 patients, and complete angiographic resolution was also obtained in 14 patients. Failures to achieve angiographic cure were attributed to failure to reach the fistula within the cavernous sinus precisely. Factors which make placement of the catheter at the fistula difficult are trabeculae within the cavernous sinus, a specific configuration of the superior ophthalmic vein and venous thrombosis. To improve the efficacy of tranvenous embolization, every possible venous route to the cavernous sinus therefore should be tried, to facilitate reaching the fistula and the possibility of transvenous embolization should not be thwarted by venous thrombosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00602836
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endovascular treatment of aneurysms on the feeding arteries of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 60-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Aneurysm ; intracranial ; Arteriovenous malformation ; intracranial ; Endovascular treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The association between intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is well documented. Recent advances in the understanding of the haemodynamics of this association encourage an aggressive approach to these aneurysms. However, the pathophysiology of these aneurysms is not fully understood and a strategy for their management has not been established. We describe seven patients, with eight aneurysms, on the feeding arteries of AVMs. The aneurysms could be divided into those located 1. proximally on the superficial feeding artery (type I; 4 aneurysms); 2. distally on the superficial feeding artery (type II; 3 aneurysms); and 3. on the deep feeding artery (type III; 1 aneurysm). All aneurysms were treated by the endovascular procedure prior to, or simultaneously with, treatment of the AVM, using detachable coils or liquid embolic material. All aneurysms were obliterated successfully, with no adverse events. Each patient further received treatment of the AVM. None of the patients suffered intracranial haemorrhage after treatment for the aneurysms. Based on our experiences, we discuss the indications for this approach for each type of aneurysm. We believe endovascular treatment could be an important alternative for treatment of aneurysms associated with AVMs, thus reducing the risk of haemorrhage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050707
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental study and clinical use of poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion as liquid embolisation material (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 634-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion ; Polymer microparticle ; Liquid emoblisation material ; Arteriovenous malformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A new material, an emulsion of poly(vinyl acetate) was experimentally developed and clinically used to overcome several disadvantages in currently used liquid embolisation materials. The emulsion microparticles, 0.3–0.7 μm in size, possessed cationic charge on the surface and hence aggregated immediately on contact with fluids containing anions. This inert polymer has the advantage that it does not induce a deleterious reaction in living tissue. Moreover, its medium is water and it is not adhesive, like the cyanoacrylates. Several concentrations of emulsion were injected into the renal arteries of dogs. For the investigation of tissue reactions and the possibility of recanalisation, the emulsion was injected into rats both subcutaneously and into the renal arteries. The renal artery injections in dogs showed adequate radiopacity and consistent complete occlusion. The lower the concentration of the emulsion, the smaller the arteries which could be occluded. Even at very low concentrations, however, venous occlusion did not occur. Histological study of the embolised rat kidney revealed no detectable damage in the vessel wall and no recanalisation for up to 6 months. The subcutaneously injected PVAc emulsion elicited mononuclear cell infiltration and gradual centripetal fibrosis, without any deleterious effect on the surrounding tissue. A cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was embolised using the material. Histology of the resected nidus showed findings similar to those in the animal experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600429
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