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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Aldose reductase inhibitor, polyol pathway, diabetic macroangiopathy, galactose.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Although increased polyol pathway activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy, the relation with diabetic macroangiopathy remains unclear. Galactose feeding is known to stimulate the polyol pathway and to develop abnormalites similar to those in diabetic microangiopathy. Our study was conducted to investigate whether an activation of polyol pathway by long-term treatment with galactose produced morphological changes in coronary arteries of dogs and the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor, epalrestat, was also studied.¶Methods. Dogs received either normal chow or chow containing 30 % galactose with or without epalrestat given orally (20 or 50 mg · kg–1). After 44 months, morphometric analyses of coronary arteries were carried out and the galactitol contents in aortas were measured.¶Results. The ratio of areas of the intimal layer to those of the medial layer, an indicator of intimal thickening, was statistically significantly increased in galactose-fed dogs compared with control dogs. Galactose-fed dogs had a remarkable accumulation of galactitol in their aortas. These morphological and biochemical deficits were reduced by treatment with epalrestat.¶Conclusion/interpretation. This report morphologically shows diabetes-like macrovascular abnormalities in galactosaemic animals, suggesting that polyol pathway hyperactivity is closely related to the development of diabetic macroangiopathy, which could be prevented by aldose reductase inhibition. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1404–1409]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Propionyl-L-carnitine ; Insulin ; Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat ; Motor nerve conduction velocity ; Sciatic nerve blood flow ; Electroretinogram ; Sorbitol ; myo-Inositol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of an analogue of L-carnitine, propionyl-L-carnitine, on the electroretinogram, motor nerve conduction velocity and nerve blood flow was determined in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and was compared with the effects of insulin alone or combined therapy. Oral administration of propionyl-L-carnitine (3 g/kg daily for 4 weeks) significantly increased caudal nerve motor conduction velocity and sciatic nerve blood flow in diabetic rats. There were no differences in the effects of insulin (8–10 U daily for 4 weeks), propionyl-L-carnitine and combined therapy. Although propionyl-L-carnitine significantly shortened the peak latency of the electroretinogram b-wave in diabetic rats, its effect was far weaker than that of insulin or combined therapy, with combined therapy producing the greatest improvement. These effects of propionyl-L-carnitine were accompanied by a decrease of serum lipid levels, an increase of the sciatic nerve carnitine content, and no changes of the tissue (nerve and retinal) sorbitol and myo-inositol concentrations. In contrast, insulin significantly reduced the tissue sorbitol content and markedly increased myo-inositol. These findings suggest that propionyl-L-carnitine may improve diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy without influencing the polyol pathway, and that this beneficial effect may be mediated through the amelioration of microcirculation and tissue carnitine content, thus probably increasing fatty acid oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Propionyl-l-carnitine ; Insulin ; Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat ; Motor nerve ; conduction velocity ; Sciatic nerve blood flow ; Electroretinogram ; Sorbitol ; myo-Inositol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of an analogue ofl-carnitine, propionyl-l-carnitine, on the electroretinogram, motor nerve conduction velocity and nerve blood flow was determined in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and was compared with the effects of insulin alone or combined therapy. Oral administration of propionyl-l-carnitine (3 g/kg daily for 4 weeks) significantly increased caudal nerve motor conduction velocity and sciatic nerve blood flow in diabetic rats. There were no differences in the effects of insulin (8–10 U daily for 4 weeks), propionyl-l-carnitine and combined therapy. Although propionyl-l-carnitine significantly shortened the peak latency of the electroretinogram b-wave in diabetic rats, its effect was far weaker than that of insulin or combined therapy, with combined therapy producing the greatest improvement. These effects of propionyl-l-carnitine were accompanied by a decrease of serum lipid levels, an increase of the sciatic nerve carnitine content, and no changes of the tissue (nerve and retinal) sorbitol andmyo-inositol concentrations. In contrast, insulin significantly reduced the tissue sorbitol content and markedly increasedmyo-inositol. These findings suggest that propionyl-l-carnitine may improve diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy without influencing the polyol pathway, and that this beneficial effect may be mediated through the amelioration of microcirculation and tissue carnitine content, thus probably increasing fatty acid oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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