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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of oral administration of 3,5,3′-triiodo-thyronine on growth, digestion, food conversion and metabolism in the underyearling red sea bream, Chrysophrys major (Temminck & Schlegel) (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 39 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effect of inclusion of 3,5,3′-triiodo-∼-thyronine (T3) in the diet was examined in underyearling red sea bream Chrysophrys major (Temminck & Schlegel). The treatment brought about increases in growth rate, appetite, food conversion efficiency and activities of intestinal enzymes including leucine nitroanilidase, alkaline phosphatase, α-glutamyltransferas, α-amylase and disaccharidase. There were no changes in the muscle content of water, protein, lipid and glycogen. Liver glycogen content was elevated, as well as activities of the hepatic enzymes glycogen phosphory-lase, glycogen synthetase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, fructose- 1, 6-diphosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase. The serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, globulin, α-amino acids. glucose, ammonia and calcium were increased by the treatment whereas the serum concentrations of free fatty acids, cholesterol and triglyceride remained unaltered. The results suggest that in the red sea bream T, stimulated protein and carbohydrate but not lipid metabolism and that the hormone promoted growth by improving appetite, digestion and absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb04378.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and characterization of an antibacterial compound produced by Agrobacterium vitis strain E26 with activity against A. tumefaciens (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 52 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An antibacterial compound Ar26, with a molecular weight of 761, was isolated from a culture of a nonpathogenic strain of Agrobacterium vitis (originally called A. radiobacter) E26. Ar26 was purified by adsorption on activated charcoal, extraction with 70% ethanol and ion-exchange chromatography successively on DEAE-Sepharose, SP-Sepharose and Mono S. Ar26 strongly inhibited the growth of the crown gall bacteria A. vitis MI3-2 and A. tumefaciens CY4 on culture plates, the activities of human immunodeficiency virus-1 reverse transcriptase and the glycohydrolases α-glucosidase and β-glucosidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00807.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibited oxidation in low-temperature grown GaAs surface layers observed by photoelectron spectroscopy (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 3551-3553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The surface oxidation characteristics of a GaAs layer structure consisting of a thin (10 nm) layer of low-temperature-grown GaAs (LTG:GaAs) on a heavily n-doped GaAs layer, both grown by molecular beam epitaxy, have been studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Between the layer growth and XPS characterization, the unannealed LTG:GaAs sample and a control sample without the LTG:GaAs surface layer were exposed to the atmosphere. The rate of surface oxidation in the sample with a LTG:GaAs surface layer was significantly lower than the oxidation rate of the control sample. This direct observation of inhibited oxidation confirms the surface stability of comparable structures inferred from earlier electrical measurements. The inhibited surface oxidation rate is attributed to the bulk Fermi-level pinning and the low minority carrier lifetime in unannealed LTG:GaAs. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117242
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of structural defects in II–VI blue green laser diodes (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 602-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Early blue/green laser diodes based on ZnSe exhibited room temperature, continuous wave (cw) lifetimes of the order of a minute. Similar to the history of (Al,Ga)As lasers, the source of the degradation was the presence of extended crystalline defects. The dominant extended defects in the early room temperature cw lasers originated as stacking faults generated at the ZnSe/GaAs heterovalent nucleation event, and exhibited densities of the order of 106 cm−2. In this letter, a procedure is described which will ensure a consistent run to run reduction of the density of such extended defects to the mid to low 103 cm−2 over a 3 in. wafer. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117920
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of H2 on morphology evolution during GaN metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 3114-3116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In situ optical reflectance transients reveal that the morphology evolution of the initial low-temperature buffer layer strongly influences the structural and electrical quality of the high-temperature GaN films. Moreover, the morphology evolution of that buffer layer, specifically evolution of the spatial and orientational distributions of the nuclei, is strongly affected by H2. The growth conditions for which surface smoothness is maintained throughout the two-step growth do not necessarily produce the best quality final GaN films; instead, there may be an optimal roughness and incubation period en route to the best quality final films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120263
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of growth of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in iso-osmotic medium (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) kept in 15 ppt sea water (roughly iso-osmotic salinity) had higher growth rates than fish kept in 0 ppt (freshwater) or 30 ppt seawater, but circulating level of growth hormone was highest in fish exhibiting the poorest growth rate (30 ppt seawater). Serum thyroxine concentration was highest in 15 ppt seawater. Intestinal trypsin may play a role in promoting growth in iso-osmotic salinity since its activity was highest in fish cultured in 15 ppt seawater. The results indicate that changes in the digestive power, coupled with changes in thyroxine secretion, may account for the variations in growth rate in tilapia reared under different salinities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1997.tb00103.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pharmacological dose of 17 β-oestradiol produces minimal metabolic stimulation but evokes hepatic necrosis in the immature female serranid Epinephelus akaara (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 26 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A pharmacological dose of 17β-oestradiol (5 mg kg−1 per injection for a total of five injections over a period of 9 days) increased liver and serum lipid concentration and induced vitellogenin into the serum of the immature female red grouper Epinephelus akaara. The levels of electrolytes, glucose, lactate and protein in the serum, and the protein, glycogen and water content of liver and muscle were not affected. The activities of enzymes regulating gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, transamination and glycogen synthesis remained unaltered. These findings are in marked contrast to those of Ng et al. (1984) which showed a strong stimulatory effect of a ten-times smaller dose of 17β-oestradiol on these biochemical parameters. Ultrastructural examination of hepatocytes of these heavily oestrogenized fish revealed that some cells possessed organelles with an abnormally activated appearance while others had undergone necrotic changes, suggesting that some hepatocytes were overstimulated and subsequently degenerated. Results of the present investigation caution against the use of a pharmacological dose of 17β-oestradiol in fish culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04259.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Pineal Indoles and Arginine Vasotocin on Lipolysis and Lipogenesis in Isolated Adipocytes (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of pineal research 3 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-079X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of arginine vasotocin and the pineal indoles melatonin, serotonin, Nacetylserotonin, hydroxytryptophol, methoxytryptophol, hydroxyindoleacetic acid, methoxyindoleacetic acid, and methoxytryptamine on lipolysis and lipogenesis in isolated adipocytes were studied. Basal lipolysis was inhibited by all the indoles tested at a dose of I μmole except hydroxytryptophol. Methoxytryptamine and serotonin inhibited hormone-induced lipolysis in a dosedependent manner and exhibited the highest antilipolytic activity in isolated rat, rabbit, and hamster adipocytes. However, their antilipolytic activity could not be overcome by increasing the dose of the lipolytic hormone. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP-induced lipolysis was also inhibited. All the pineal indoles tested were capable of suppressing basal and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in the dose range 0.33–3 nmole. At lower doses there was no effect. Arginine vasotocin at a dose of 25 nmole significantly augmented basal lipogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.1986.tb00726.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibitory Actions of Pineal Indoles on Steroidogenesis in Isolated Rat Leydig Cells (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of pineal research 5 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-079X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The inhibition elicited by pineal indoles on testosterone production by isolated rat Leydig cells could not be overcome by a maximally active dose of luteinizing hormone (LH), and dibutyryl-CAMP-induced steroidogenesis was also suppressed, suggesting that the indoles did not exert their effect through an interaction with LH receptors on Leydig cells. Pregnenolone-induced progesterone secretion was unaffected, indicating that the activity of 3P-dehydrogenase was not altered. Methoxytryptamine (MTN) at a dose of I mM decreased progesterone-induced 17αL- hydroxyprogesterone secretion by 50%, suggesting that the enzyme 17α-hydroxylase was inhibited. The inhibition caused by other pineal indoles was either very slight or absent. MTN reduced 17α-hydroxyprogesterone-induced androstenedione production by 65%, methoxytryptophol (MTOL) and melatonin (MEL) by 35%, and methoxyindoleacetic acid (MIAA) and hydroxyindoleacetic acid (HIAA) by 10%, revealing an inhibition of 17–20 desmolase. The reduction of androstenedioneinduced testosterone production by MTN infers inhibition of 17-ketoreductase activity. However, testosterone production induced by either dehydroepiandroster- one or androstenedione was unaffected by other indoles. The data suggest that MTN inhibited 17α-hydroxylase, 17–20 desmolase, and 17-ketoreductase while MEL, MTOL, MIAA, and HIAA inhibited only 17–20 desmolase. The highest potency of MTN in inhibiting enzymes on the testosterone biosynthestic pathway was reflected in its greatest inhibition of testosterone production. On the other hand, MIAA and HIAA had the lowest potency in inhibiting the enzymes and testosterone production while MEL and MTOL had intermediate potencies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.1988.tb00649.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pineal indoles on ovarian response to gonadotropin-induced ovulation in mice (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 100 (1995), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Pineal indoles ; ovulation ; gonadotropin-induced ; mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ovulation was induced in immature mice by injections of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) spaced 48 hours apart. The mice were divided into six groups: one group received intraperitoneal injections of normal saline, another group received alcoholic saline which was used as the vehicle of pineal indoles, and the remaining groups received respectively hydroxyindoleacetic acid (HIAA), melatonin (MEL), methoxytryptamine (MTA) and methoxytryptophol (MTP). The pineal indoles were administered 24 hours before, on the same day as, 24 hours after and 48 hours after the PMSG injection. The mice were sacrificed 24 hours after the HCG injection. The numbers of growing primary follicles, multilaminar primary follicles, Graafian follicles, preovulatory follicles and corpora lutea in the ovary were not altered by treatment with pineal indoles. However, there was an increased incidence of follicular atresia in the groups treated with MEL, MTA and MTP. The pineal indoles did not affect the number of ovulated oocytes, but there was a large number of degenerated and fragmented ovulated oocytes in the MTA- and MTP-treated groups. Treatment with MEL, MTA and MTP also resulted in lower plasma levels of estradiol-17β and progesterone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276461
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