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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prostaglandin E2 Receptors on Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 21 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor on human peripheral blood monocytes is characterized. The receptor binding at physiological temperature and pH was saturable, specific, and reversible. Scatchard analysis of binding data revealed a linear plot giving a Kd= 1.1 ± 10-9mol/l and Bmax=4.1 fmol/107 cells, equal to 240 binding sites per cell. PGE2 increased intracellular cyclic adenosine 5′-monophosphate by a maximal factor of 3. PGF2α and archidonic acid had no stimulatory effects on adenyl cyclase, in accordance with their low binding to the cells. The characterization of the PGE2 receptor on human monocytes creates a basis for the study of the clinical significance of changes in PGE2-receptor binding in disease states involving PGE2-monocyte interactions such as various immunological disorders and bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1985.tb01416.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear Uptake of l,25-Dihydroxy[3H]-cholecalciferol in Peripheral Blood Monocytes (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 24 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxycholecal ciferol induces differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. The pharmacological induction of differentiation of primitive, rapidly proliferating cell lines into more mature cells with lower proliferative potential is a new dimension in the treatment of myeloproliferative disorders, which may prove to be an important alternative to more traditional regimens, Furthermore, the cell primarily engaged in bone resorption-the osteoclast-represents another differentiated form of mononuclear phagocytes, and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol increases the number of osteoclasts. Since the cellular action of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is exerted mainly through its binding to nuclear receptors, a detailed knowledge of ligand-receptor interactions is mandatory for future work in this area. In order to investigate the interaction between 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and its receptor in mononuclear cells, the nuclear uptake of the hormone was studied using a whole cell assay. The nuclear uptake of l,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol in human monocytes at physiological temperature and pH was saturable, specific, and fully reversible. When eight normal individuals were investigated, the maximal binding capacity (Bmax) was 0.4–8.4 fmol/106 cells and the dissociation constants (Kd) were 0.12–0.45 nmol/l. The characterization of the nuclear uptake of 1,25-dihydroxy [3H]cholecalciferol in intact human monocytes shows that it is mediated by binding of the ligand to a specific nuclear receptor. The binding to the nuclear receptor is the result of the passage of ligand across the cytoplasmic membrane and of the cytoplasmic transport of ligand. In contrast to conventional receptor assays in hypertonic cellular extracts, this system provides information on the role of the cytoplasmic membrane in relation to the nuclear uptake of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, which may be closer to in vivo cellular conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02083.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated data acquisition system and computer analysis for sedimentation equilibrium experiments (1971)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 43 (1971), S. 1471-1474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60305a004
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Microgram Quantities of Fluoride (1958)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 30 (1958), S. 1009-1011 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60137a041
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin binding, insulin degradation and glucose metabolism in human monocytes (1979)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 17 (1979), S. 77-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin receptors ; insulin degradation ; glucose and lactate metabolism ; monocytes ; lymphocytes and mononuclear leucocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin binding, insulin degradation and glucose metabolism were studied in highly purified preparations of monocytes. Steady state specific insulin binding was found at 15 °C, whereas no plateau was reached at 37 °C because of considerable insulin degradation at this temperature.125I-insulin nonspecifically bound to monocytes at 15 °C remained constant for 120 min. In contrast non-specifically bound125I-insulin increased during incubation at 37 °C. About one third dissociated slowly to a washout medium suggesting an intracellular uptake of this fraction of non-specifically monocyte bound insulin. Monocytes did not degrade insulin at 15 °C. At 37 °C insulin was degraded partly by “proteases” released from the cells and partly by the specific insulin receptor. We found that about 35% of the total monocyte receptor bound iodoinsulin dissociated to a washout medium as degraded insulin. Furthermore, the degradation velocity of receptor bound insulin was proportional to the receptor occupancy. Thus, at 37 °C receptor bound insulin is the substrate for insulin degradation in monocytes and the reaction between the insulin molecule and the insulin receptor is conceivably considered not to be bimolecular at 37 °C unlike at 15 °C. Previously, no biological effect of insulin on monocytes has been demonstrated. In this study we found that insulin increased glucose uptake (25%, p〈0.01) and lactate release (12%, p〈0.05) in monocytes with ED50-values within the physiological range. To obtain 50% of maximal biological effect it was necessary to activate only a few percent of the receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01222206
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The monocyte as a model for the study of insulin receptors in man (1977)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 13 (1977), S. 563-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin receptor ; monocytes ; thrombocytes ; negative cooperativity ; insulin degradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have characterized the cellular composition of preparations isolated from peripheral blood by Ficoll-Isopaque gradient centrifugation.125I-insulin binding to every cell type was measured. A highly significantly positive correlation between specific cell binding fraction and the monocyte concentration of the heterogeneous cell suspension was demonstrated. Depletion of monocytes reduced the insulin binding approximately 80%, which confirms previous findings by other investigators. The granulocytes possessed the second highest binding ability, but only one fourteenth of that of monocytes. Compared to the lymphocyte the monocyte had about 25 times greater insulin binding. Also thrombocytes bound insulin and contamination with these meant that their contribution to the total specific cell binding was not negligible. A reduction in these contaminants is essential. We found that insulin binding to erythrocytes was insignificant. A method of calculating the specific insulin binding to monocytes alone is introduced. The monocyte-insulin-receptor possesses specificity. Only an insignificant degradation of receptor bound insulin could be shown. Evidence of negative cooperativity between receptors was found. Consequently monocytes are considered a useful model for insulin receptor studies in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01236308
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin receptors on monocytes of young healthy persons correlated with glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (1978)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 14 (1978), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin receptors ; monocytes ; glucose tolerance ; insulin sensitivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied in normal man the inter-relationships between insulin binding to monocytes, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. In 25 young healthy persons we found a significant positive correlation between insulin binding and glucose disappearance rate both after glucose (R = 0.68, p〈0.01) and insulin (R = 0.49, p〈0.02) given intravenously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429775
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin receptor binding and receptor-mediated insulin degradation in human adipocytes (1981)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 20 (1981), S. 636-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; insulin receptors ; insulin degradation ; human adipocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 125I-insulin binding and receptor-mediated insulin degradation were studied in isolated human fat cells from subcutaneous tissue. A high albumin concentration during cell isolation and incubation protected the fragile human adipocyte from lysis. Binding of tracer was pH dependent with an optimum between 7.4 and 7.6. At 37 °C steady state was reached by 45 min and maintained for at least 2 h. The binding of labelled insulin in the presence of 10 μmol/l unlabelled insulin was only 1–4% of the total insulin binding. The half-maximal displacement of tracer iodoinsulin (10 pmol/l) by unlabelled insulin occurred at 0.25 nmol/l. Kinetic studies of the dissociation of labelled iodoinsulin from fat cells showed a slight acceleration in the presence of a high concentration of unlabelled insulin in the washout buffer as compared to a buffer containing no insulin. At steady state binding about 95% of the cell-associated radioactivity was extracted as iodoinsulin as judged by gel filtration. The remaining 5% co-eluted with iodotyrosine. During 60 min about 90% of the cell-associated radioactivity dissociated as iodoinsulin and the rest as iodotyrosine. Conclusions: 1) A high albumin content of buffers prevents traumatization of the human adipocyte; 2) under these conditions steady state binding of insulin is readily measured at 37 °C; 3) the use of a washing procedure makes the non-specific binding negligible; 4) the human adipocyte insulin receptor has a very high affinity; 5) receptor-mediated insulin degradation is minimal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257433
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prestorage leukofiltration of whole blood and SAGM blood prevents extracellular bioactive substance accumulation (1999)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 48 (1999), S. 363-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Prestorage leukofiltration — Histamine — Myeloperoxidase — Eosinophil cationic protein — Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objectives: Potentially harmful leukocyte- and platelet-derived bioactive substances are accumulated extracellularly during storage of different blood products. Therefore, we studied the effect of prestorage leukocyte filtration on concentrations of bioactive substances in whole blood (WB) and saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM) erythrocyte suspension during storage.¶Methods: Ten units of WB and 10 units of SAGM blood from 20 blood donors were stored at +4 °C for 24h. Subsequently, half of every unit was leukocyte-reduced by filtration. The 40 half units (20 filtered and 20 unfiltered) were stored at +4 °C for further 34 days. Samples were collected from all 40 half blood units on day 1, 21 and 35. Total content and extracellular concentration of myeloperoxidase (MPO), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), histamine and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was analysed by ELISA or RIA methods.¶Results: In unfiltered WB, the total content of all 4 substances decreased during storage, and extracellular concentrations increased significantly and storage time dependently. Similarly, this was also seen with MPO and ECP in unfiltered SAGM blood. Prestorage filtration of WB resulted in a significant reduction of total content and of extracellular concentrations of all 4 substances as well. Additionally, storage time dependent extracellular accumulation was prevented for all substances. Prestorage filtration of SAGM blood significantly reduced total content and extracellular concentrations of MPO and ECP and prevented storage time dependent extracellular accumulation. Filtered SAGM blood contained significantly lower concentrations of all analysed substances compared to filtered WB.¶Conclusion: Prestorage leukocyte filtration reduces total content of leukocyte- and platelet-derived bioactive substances and prevents the storage time dependent extracellular accumulation of these substances in WB and the partly accumulation in SAGM blood.¶
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050473
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of ranitidine on postoperative infectious complications following emergency colorectal surgery: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial (1998)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 12-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Wound infection — Infectious complications — Ranitidine — Colorectal surgery — Immunology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: To study the potential effect of ranitidine on postoperative infectious complications following emergency colorectal surgery. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was carried out in three university clinics and two county hospitals in Denmark.¶Patients and Treatment: One hundred and ninety-four consecutive patients undergoing acute colorectal surgery for perforated and/or obstructed large bowel were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive ranitidine 100 mg i.v. twice a day commencing at induction of anesthesia and continued for five days (group I) or i.v. placebo (group II). All patients were given 1.5 g metronidazole plus 3.0 g cefuroxime at the time of surgery. Patients with perforation of the colon or rectum were given metronidazole and cefuroxime for further 3 days. All patients were assessed daily until discharge from the hospital. Thirty patients were withdrawn from the study (for reasons such as other diagnosis, refused to continue, medication not given as prescribed).¶Main Outcome Measures: Patients were observed for signs of infectious complications; such as wound infection, intra-abdominal abscess, septicemia, and pneumonia.¶Results: Both groups were similar with respect to age, sex, weight, duration of surgery, blood transfusions, and site of the procedure, as well as the histologic nature of the underlying disease process. However, the Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) was significantly higher in group I compared with group II ( p 〈 0.05). Wound infection, intraabdominal abscess, septicemia, and pneumonia were 12.9%, 5.2%, 3.8% and 14%, respectively in group I. In group II, the infectious complications were 16.1%, 6.8%, 6.9% and 22%, respectively. Twelve patients (13.8%) in the placebo group developed more than one complication compared with 5 patients (6.5%) in the ranitidine group.¶Conclusion: Ranitidine may have a beneficial effect on postoperative infectious complications in patients following acute colorectal surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050242
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