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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 111 (1989), S. 4028-4036 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 225-231 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Osmotic diuresis ; urea ; renal hypertrophy ; glomerular hyperfiltration ; diabetes ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To study the effects of chronic osmotic diuresis which were not associated with hyperglycaemia on the rat kidney, osmotic diuresis was induced by i. v. infusion of urea. A 5 mol/l urea solution was continuously infused at a rate of 100 ml · kg−1 · day−1 on the basis of body weight on day 0. Duration of infusion was 2, 6, 10 or 14 days. Control rats received continuously infused Ringer's solution. Urea-treated groups developed osmotic diuresis (urine flow = about 0.04 ml · min −1 · 100 g body weight−1) comparable to that in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus induced by i. v. streptozotocin (55 mg/kg), however urea-induced osmotic diuresis was not associated with blood glucose level increases. Compared with their controls, rats receiving urea for 2–14 days had markedly increased kidney weight. Rats receiving urea for 10 days showed greatest kidney weight increase, 0.565 ± 0.044 g/100 g body weight (mean ± SD), representing a 53% increase compared with the control (0.369 ± 0.034 g/100 g body weight). Kidney weight was associated with increases in kidney protein content. In contrast, none of control kidney weight values differed significantly from day 0 values (=normal rats; 0.387 ± 0.028 g/100 g body weight). Creatinine clearance values in urea-treated groups were also higher than those in controls. The maximum value, 0.65 ± 0.17.ml · min−1 · 100 g body weight−1, was recorded in the 14-day group and was significantly higher than the corresponding control value (0.34 ± 0.07 ml · min−1 · 100 g body weight−1) (p 〈0.001). Urea clearance values were also significantly higher in urea-treated groups than in respective controls. This study suggests that osmotic diuresis may induce renal hypertrophy/hyperplasia and glomerular hyperfiltration immediately after development of diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 225-231 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Osmotic diuresis, urea, renal hypertrophy, glomerular hyperfiltration, diabetes, rat.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To study the effects of chronic osmotic diuresis which were not associated with hyperglycaemia on the rat kidney, osmotic diuresis was induced by i. v. infusion of urea. A 5 mol/l urea solution was continuously infused at a rate of 100 ml·kg−1·day−1 on the basis of body weight on day 0. Duration of infusion was 2, 6, 10 or 14 days. Control rats received continuously infused Ringer's solution. Urea-treated groups developed osmotic diuresis (urine flow=about 0.04 ml·min−1·100 g body weight−1) comparable to that in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus induced by i. v. streptozotocin (55 mg/kg), however urea-induced osmotic diuresis was not associated with blood glucose level increases. Compared with their controls, rats receiving urea for 2–14 days had markedly increased kidney weight. Rats receiving urea for 10 days showed greatest kidney weight increase, 0.565±0.044 g/100 g body weight (mean±SD), representing a 53 % increase compared with the control (0.369±0.034 g/100 g body weight). Kidney weight was associated with increases in kidney protein content. In contrast, none of control kidney weight values differed significantly from day 0 values (=normal rats; 0.387±0.028 g/100 g body weight). Creatinine clearance values in urea-treated groups were also higher than those in controls. The maximum value, 0.65±0.17 ml·min−1·100 g body weight−1, was recorded in the 14-day group and was significantly higher than the corresponding control value (0.34±0.07 ml·min−1·100 g body weight−1) (p〈0.001). Urea clearance values were also significantly higher in urea-treated groups than in respective controls. This study suggests that osmotic diuresis may induce renal hypertrophy/hyperplasia and glomerular hyperfiltration immediately after development of diabetes. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 225–231]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 11 (1965), S. 88-89 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die oben beschriebenen vorläufigen Daten [1] deuten an, daß embryonales Hämoglobin von Bufo vulgaris wahrscheinlich von jedem bekannten Hämoglobin verschieden ist. Die Untersuchungen des embryonalen Hämoglobins würden einen Anhaltspunkt für die Annahme von einfachem Hämoglobin in einem alten Organismus geben, wenn die Ontogenese eine Wiederholung der Phylogenese ist.
    Notes: Summary The results above described and previous data [1] suggest that the embryonic haemoglobin of Bufo vulgaris seems to be different from any known haemoglobin. The investigation of embryonic haemoglobin would give a clue to the presumption of primitive haemoglobin in ancient organisms, if ontogeny is a recapitulation of phylogeny.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 16 (1968), S. 298-300 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde ein Unterschied im Antigencharakter zwischen embryonalem Haemoglobin, foetalem Haemoglobin und erwachsenem Haemoglobin bei der Bufo vulgaris gefunden. Die Verteilung des embryonalen Haemoglobins an der Oberfläche der Dotterplättchen wurde nachgewiesen.
    Notes: Summary An antigenic difference could be established between embryonic haemoglobin, fetal haemoglobin and adult haemoglobin of Bufo vulgaris. The distribution of embryonic haemoglobin in the surface layer of the yolk platelets was demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Severe sialidosis ; α-Neuraminidase deficiency ; Neuropathology ; Congenital ascites ; Nephrosialidosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 56-day-old infant with α-neuraminidase deficiency, whose clinical features included severe edema of extremities and ascites which resembled those in severe infantile sialidosis, was autopsied. Perforation, whose pathogenesis was unclear, was found on the descending portion of the duodenum. Light and electron microscope studies showed that neurons in the cerebral and cerebellar corticies, and the thoracic spinal cord contained membrane-bound vacuoles but no membranous cytoplasmic bodies. Zebra bodies were found only in the neurons of the spinal cord. The neurons in the paraganglion and in the Auerbach's myenteric plexus were also distended with numerous membrane-bound vacuoles. Hepatocytes, endothelial cells and Kupffer cells in the liver and glomerular and tubular epithelial cells in the kidney were swollen with a number of vacuoles although the patient showed none of the clinical features of renal involvement. These pathological changes were similar to those in nephrosialidosis reported by Le Sec et al. [Arch Fr Pediatr 35:819–829 (1978)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Nephrosialidosis ; Sialidosis ; α-neuraminidase deficiency ; Ultrastructure ; Lectin histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The neuropathological findings in a Japanese male with nephrosialidosis are reported. Clinically, coarse face, psychomotor retardation, macular cherryred spot and proteinuria were noted at 1 year and 7 months. He was diagnosed to have nephrosialidosis on the basis of a deficiency of α-neuraminidase activity in both lymphocytes and cultured skin fibroblasts, and of severe glomerular and tubular involvement on renal biopsy. He died of multiple organ failure at 8 years and 6 months. There were numerous vacuoles and storage materials in visceral organs, particularly in the glomerular and tubular epithelial cells of the kidney and Kupffer cells as well as hepatocytes in the liver. Neuropathological examination revealed severe neuronal storage in the selected part of the central nervous system; lower motor neurons of the brain stem and spinal anterior horn cells, as well as neurons in the basal nucleus of Meynert. In the peripheral nervous system, sympathetic ganglia were severely affected. There was little or no neuronal storage in the basal ganglia, cerebral cortex or cerebellum, and demyelination was not found. Electron microscopic examination showed fine wavy multilamellar structures in the spinal anterior horn cells or Zebra body-like structures in the neurons of the Meynert's basal nucleus. Lectin histochemistry was positive for wheat germ agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin-1 and peanut agglutinin within distended neurons. We conclude that the neuropathological feature in nephrosialidosis is not specific except for the selectiveness of the anatomical sites of involvement. It shares some aspects found in other types of sialidosis or galactosialidosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Muscle fiber types ; ATPase ; Development ; Neonatal denervation ; Muscle differentiation ; Satellite cell populations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To examine the neural influence upon fiber type differentiation in developing muscles, newborn rats were subjected to sciatic nerve dissection, and the denervated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) (white) and soleus (red) muscles were examined in chronologic sequence by means of histochemistry and electron microscopy. The skeletal muscles in the newborn rats were undifferentiated (type 2C fibers seen on ATPase staining) and contained numerous myotubes. In the controls, the type 2C fibers started to differentiate at around 5 days and had almost completed type differentiation by 30 days in EDL and by 90 days in soleus muscles. On the other hand, none of the fibers in the neonatally denervated muscles developed into well differentiated type 1 and 2A fibers, but both the EDL and soleus showed longlasting type 2C and 2B populations. The satellite cells in the denervated EDL and soleus muscles decreased in number at the same rate as in the control muscles with maturation. The absence of a neural supply in the developing muscles induced a delay in muscle fiber type differentiation but did not influence the satellite cell populations in either EDL or soleus muscles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Fetus ; Nervous system ; GM1-gangliosidosis type 1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The nervous system of a 22-week-old fetus with GM1-gangliosidosis type 1 was studied by electron microscopy. The tissues thus examined were the cerebral cortex at the parietal region, the cerebellum, the thoracic spinal cord, the Auerbach's myenteric plexus in the large intestine and the radial nerve fibers. In the cerebral cortex, membrane-bound vacuoles, which occasionally contained stacks of fine fibrils, were observed in the large young neurons in the deeper part of the cortical plate. The neurons in the other part of the cerebral cortex carried no storage materials. In the cerebellum, the membrane-bound vacuoles with stacks of fine fibrils were seen only in the Purkinje cells. The neurons in the spinal cord also contained several zebra-like bodies and the above membrane-bound vacuoles. As for the peripheral nervous system (PNS), neurons in the Auerbach's myenteric plexus carried membranous cytoplasmic bodies and zebra-like bodies. Some of the axons in the radial nerve fibers also contained a lot of pleomorphic electron-dense bodies and a few membranous cytoplasmic ones. These results show that the accumulation of storage materials is started in the large neurons which are produced in the early stage of neurogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS). Additionally, the observed membrane-bound vacuoles are considered to be structures which occur before the membranous cytoplasmic bodies and/or the zebra-like bodies. It is also elucidated that the PNS is affected earlier than the cerebral and cerebellar cortices and thoracic spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Orthochromatic leukodystrophy (OLD) ; Globoid cell ; Proteolipid protein (PLP) ; Neuropathology ; Ceroid-lipofuscin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report herein a sporadic case of the pigmentary type of orthochromatic leukodystrophy with early onset and very rapid clinical course. The patient's development was normal until 2 years old, when he experienced visual disturbance. Rapid deterioration resulted in death 1.5 years after the onset. Metachromatic leukodystrophy, globoid cell leukodystrophy and adrenoleukodystrophy were excluded by biochemical assays. Autopsy findings were compatible with the diagnosis of the pigmentary type of orthochromatic leukodystrophy. However, there were unique findings of severe neuronal loss and the collection of globoid-like cells in the interface of the gray matter and the white matter. Immunohistochemical staining of myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein and galactocerebroside demonstrated that these myelin constituents were equally preserved in the posterior column, while absent in the lateral and anterior columns of the spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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