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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Hepatitis ; Herpes simplex virus ; Acute hepatic failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Herpes simplex virus hepatitis (HSV hepatitis) is an uncommon and severe complication of HSV type 1 and HSV type 2 infection. HSV hepatitis affects mostly immunocompromised patients. We report the case of a young man without any previous known immunodeficiency who developed fatal HSV hepatitis in the first 8 days of oral corticotherapy given for ulcerative colitis. A prompt diagnosis was possible because HSV was recovered from peripheral blood leukocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Liver disease ; Benzodiazepines ; Clorazepate dipotassium ; Nordazepam ; Adverse effects ; Coma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the cases of two patients who developed prolonged sedation after routine doses of clorazepam for alcohol withdrawal syndrome. They required prolonged mechanical ventilation (10 days for both patients) followed by continuous flumazenil infusion (16 days for one patient and 3 days for the other) to avoid reintubation. In the two patients, nordazepam accumulation (main active metabolite of clorazepam) was demonstrated as the cause of the coma. This accumulation could be attributed, in one case, to impaired hepatic cytochrome P 450 3A4 activity. Caution is required when prescribing benzodiazepines to alcoholic patients and the use of benzodiazepine which do not undergo hepatic oxidation by cytochrome P 450 such as oxazepam or lorazepam is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 332-333 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 387-389 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: salbutamol ; pharmacokinetics ; renal insufficiency ; biological effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Salbutamol was administered intravenously to 5 patients with renal function impairment for estimation its pharmacokinetic parameters. The mean terminal half-life was 256 min, similar to previously reported values in healthy adults. The mean clearance (167 ml/min) and the mean volume of distribution (55 l) were decreased. These parameters were not correlated with the creatinine clearance. A slight but significant decrease was observed in the plasma potassium level up to 125 min after the salbutamol infusion. The heart rate was significantly increased, and the increase in 3 patients was correlated with the salbutamol concentration. The biological effects of the drug were less marked than expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Molecular Cell Research 1224 (1994), S. 433-440 
    ISSN: 0167-4889
    Keywords: (Human) ; Antichymotrypsin, α"1- ; Antitrypsin, α"1- ; Cathepsin G ; Leukocyte elastase ; Plasma
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Spiegel sekretorischer, nicht pankreatischer Phospholipase A2 (snp-PLA2) im strömenden Blut wurden bei 52 Patienten zu Beginn (Tag 0) einer schweren Sepsis und bei 25 Personen auch an den Tagen 1 und 2 prospektiv bestimmt. Folgende Fragen sollten beant-wortet werden: 1. bestehen Unterschiede in den snp-PLA2-Plasmakonzentrationen in Bezug auf Art und Schweregrad der Infektion? 2. Welche Beziehungen sind zwischen snp-PLA2 und anderen an der Entwicklung der schweren Sepsis beteiligten Mediatoren wie Endotoxin, Zytokine (TNFalpha, IL-1β, IL-6) und Thromboxan B2 (dem stabilen Metaboliten von Thromboxan A2) zu finden? Am Tag 0 fanden sich im strömenden Blut snp-PLA2-Spiegel von 78±17 nmol/min/ml bei Patienten mit schwerer Sepsis und von 3,5±2 nmol/min/ml bei 40 gesunden freiwilligen Probanden. Bezogen auf das Vorliegen von Schock, die Art und den Ausgang der Infektion zeigten sich bei den am Tag 0 bestimmten Werten keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Patienten mit tödlichem Krankheitsverlauf wiesen jedoch im Verlauf der Erkrankung bleibend hohe oder noch weiter ansteigende snp-PLA2-Spiegel auf — bei den Patienten, die überlebten, nahmen die Spiegel ab (p=0,01, ANOVA). Die Zytokin-Profile hatten einen ähnlichen Verlauf wie anp-PLA2, zeigten jedoch keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen Überlebenden und nicht Überlebenden. Initiale snp-PLA2-Werte und Spitzenspiegel standen nicht in Korrelation zu den anderen Mediatoren.
    Notes: Summary Circulatory secretory non-pancreatic phospholipase A2 (snp-PLA2) was measured prospectively at the onset (day 0) of severe sepsis in 52 patients as well as on day 1 and 2 in 25 patients, in order to answer two questions: 1) does the snp-PLA2 plasma concentration differ according to the type and severity of infection? 2) what is the relation between snp-PLA2 and other mediators involved in severe sepsis, such as endotoxin, cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) and thromboxane B2 (the stable metabolite of thromboxane A2)? On day 0, the snp-PLA2 circulatory level was 78±17 nmol/min/ml in patients with severe sepsis as compared to 3.5±2 nmol/min/ml in 40 healthy volunteers. There was no statistical difference according to the outcome, the presence of shock, or the type of infection on day 0. However, snp-PLA2 remained elevated or even increased in patients who ultimately died, while it decreased in survivors (p=0.01 by ANOVA). The cytokine profiles during the 2-day follow-up were similar to that of snp-PLA2, but the differences were not statistically significant between survivors and non-survivors. No correlation was found between snp-PLA2 and other mediators for either initial or peak values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zentralvenenkatheter sind eine wichtige Infektionsquelle für nosokomiale Infektionen auf Intensivstationen. Die unnötige Katheterentfernung bei Verdacht auf Infektion kann wahrscheinlich auf ein Minimum reduziert werden. Zur Überprüfung des prädiktiven Wertes nicht invasiver Methoden für eine Katheterkolonisation führten wir eine prospektive Vergleichsstudie durch, bei der 50 konsekutiv gelegte Zentralvenenkatheter untersucht und die Kulturen vom Katheter-Ansatzstück mit Kulturen von der Haut im Bereich der Kathetereintrittsstelle verglichen wurden. Nach der Ursache für die Katheterentfernung wurden zwei Gruppen gebildet: Gruppe I (n=20) Verdacht auf Infektion; Gruppe II (n=30) kein Verdacht auf Infektion. Die Hautkulturen (mit einem Grenzwert von 15 KBE) war in beiden Gruppen für die Beurteilung einer Katheterinfektion hilfreich. Sie war bei allen Fällen von Katheterinfektion positiv und bei allen Fällen, in denen keine Katheterinfektion vorlag, negativ. Die Kulturen von den Katheter-Ansatzstücken allein boten nur wenig Information, da in keinem Fall eine positive Kultur bei negativer Hautkultur gefunden wurde und somit angenommen werden kann, daß die Katheter-Kolonisation vor allem von der Haut ausging. Bei sieben Patienten (sechs in Gruppe 1 und einer in Grupe II) wurde eine Katheter-Bakteriämie festgestellt. Die Relation der Koloniebildnerzahlen (zentral/peripher) war bei diesen Patienten nur in zwei Fällen größer als 10 : 1.
    Notes: Summary Central venous catheters (CVC) are an important source of nosocomial infection in intensive care units. The unnecessary removal of CVC suspected to be infected can probably be minimized. In order to test the accuracy of non-invasive methods for predicting catheter colonization, we prospectively compared the results of 50 consecutive CVC tip cultures, with cultures of the CVC hub and the skin at the insertion site. The CVC were separated into two groups based upon the underlying reason for CVC removal: group I (n=20), suspicion of infection; group II (n=30), no suspicion of infection. The skin culture (with a threshold of 15 CFU) was useful in both groups for assessing catheter colonization since it was always positive in cases of catheter colonization and always negative in the absence of catheter colonization. The contribution of the CVC hub cultures alone was minimal since there was no case of catheter colonization with negative skin cultures and positive hub cultures suggesting that the main route of catheter colonization was via the skin. Catheter-related bacteremia was identified in seven patients (six in group I and one in group II). In these patients, the ratio of bacterial colony counts (central/peripheral) was greater than 10 : 1 in only two cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 16 (1990), S. 332-333 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Capillary permeability ; Hypovolemic shock ; Rhabdomyolysis ; Surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A single episode of systemic capillary leak syndrome is reported in a HIV-positive patient. The shock had necessitated the infusion of large amounts of fluid with concomitant diffuse swelling and weight gain leading to compartment syndrome of both legs. This required surgical relief. The initial high hematocrit (62%) and low serum protein concentration (48 g/l) with normal factor V (molecular weight above 300 000) concentrations are the hallmark of capillary leak when they are associated with hypovolemic shock. It must be emphasized that fluid resuscitation may worsen the muscle damage with ultimate compartment syndrome. Therefore, it appears reasonable to monitor muscular pressure during volume expansion in patients with capillary leak syndrome, severe shock and muscular swelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 18 (1992), S. 56-58 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Meningoencephalitis ; Penicillin-resistantStreptococcus pneumoniae ; Antibiotics in CSF ; Cefotaxime
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The case of a 68-year-old man suffering from pneumococcal meningoencephalitis is reported. Antibacterial susceptibility tests revealed a multiply resistant pneumococcal strain. High doses of cefotaxime were necessary to sterilize the cerebrospinal fluid despite the achievement of a satisfactory level of antibiotic in the cerebrospinal fluid with moderate dosage. In France, as well as in many countries, high doses of third-generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime or ceftriaxone should be administered for the initial therapy of suspected pneumococcal meningitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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