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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1993), S. 653-657 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Japanese encephalitis ; Rabies ; Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ; AIDS ; graft-versus-host disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies applicable for identification of cell types in paraffin sections, the prevalence of mononuclear cell infiltrates with different phenotypes was estimated in large areas taken from 11 cases of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases in the human central nervous system. The present study clearly demonstrated a diversity of inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltrates, and the dominance of cell types in individual lesions appeared to be determined by both the nature of the diseases and the age of the lesions. The possible pathognomonic significance of a relatively high prevalence of CD4+CD45RO+ lymphocytes in acute rabies and in a convalescent stage of Japanese encephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Graft-versus-host disease ; Encephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A unique form of subacute panencephalitis developed in a child with aplastic anemia 8 months after an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). It was characterized by parenchymal infiltration of CD3 lymphocytes, a marked increase in the number of microglia strongly expressing HLA-DR antigens in both the gray and white matter, and diffuse degeneration of the cerebral white matter. The onset of neurological symptoms coincided with the development of chronic systemic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Cellular infiltrates in the CNS lesions were exclusively CD3 lymphocytes intermingled with a small number of monocytes labeled with CD68. There was a preponderance of cells of the CD45RB phenotype. The pathological changes in visceral organs were consistent with those of chronic GVHD. In addition, scrutiny of immunohistochemistry disclosed sparse infiltration of CD3 lymphocytes and diffuse gliosis in the cerebral white matter of another child with chronic GVHD who died 9 months after allogeneic BMT. These cases are suggestive of a potential risk of CNS involvement in GVHD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 13 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 1372 cases of tularemia observed in Japan since 1924 were analysed. More than 90% of the cases were reported in the north-eastern part of the main island of Japan. After World War II, more than 40 cases were reported yearly for 20 years. Since 1966, however, there have been less than 10 cases per year. Ninety-three % of the cases were caused by contact with infected wild rabbits. The pattern of monthly distribution showed a peak in December and also a lower peak in May. The number of patients older than 40 years of age and the proportion of cases in females have gradually increased. In the earlier survey periods almost 70% of the cases were engaged in agriculture but at present this rate is less than 50%. The changes in the occurrence of tularemia in Japan is thought to be related to the change of life style caused by the rapid growth of the Japanese economy after World War II.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Murine encephalomyelitis virus ; Demyelinating diseases ; Inflammation ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis viruses (TMEV) are divided into two subgroups on the basis of their different biological activities. The GDVII strain produces acute polioencephalomyelitis in mice, whereas the DA strain produces demyelination with virus persistence in the spinal cord. A comparative study of GDVII and DA strains suggested that low host immune responses are responsible for the development of acute GDVII infection and that the persistence of infected macrophages plays a crucial role in the development of chronic white matter lesions in DA infection. All 78 mice infected with GDVII died or became moribund by day 13, while none of 54 mice infected with DA died. In the acute stage, the distribution of viral antigens in the central nervous system (CNS) tissue was similar in both GDVII and DA infections, although the virus titer was higher in GDVII infection. In DA infection, a substantial number of T cells were recruited to the CNS on day 6 when they were virtually absent in GDVII infection. The titer of neutralizing antibody was already high on day 6 in DA infection but was negligible in GDVII infection. Development of chronic paralytic disease from day 35 of the DA infection was accompanied by focal accumulation of viral antigen-positive macrophages in the spinal white matter. In addition, white matter lesions comparable to those in chronic DA infection were induced in the spinal cord within 7 days after intracerebral injection of DA-infected murine macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Correlation between the virulence ofFrancisella tularensis in experimental mice and its acriflavine reaction was studied. The cultures derived from all four strains (Ebina, CMB2, Schu, and N9) that had long been subcultured on agar media yielded two types of colonies, i.e., acriflavine reaction-positive (acf+) and acriflavine reaction-negative (acf−) colonies. All acf+ colonies, regardless of their parent strains, were shown to be low virulent in mice. Acf− colonies were shown to be either high (Ebina, CMB2) or low (Schu, N9) virulent. The low-virulent acf− colonies gained virulence during several passages in mice, whereas the acf+ colonies remained low virulent even after the animal passages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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