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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of Immediate Early Genes and Vasopressin Heteronuclear RNA in the Paraventricular and Supraoptic Nuclei of Rats After Acute Osmotic Stimulus (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 17 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Monitoring the expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) is useful for following stress-induced cellular responses in the neuroendocrine system. We have examined the transcriptional activities of four IEGs (c-fos, junB, NGFI-A and NGFI-B) and of the arginine vasopressin (AVP) gene in the hypothalamic paraventicular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON) of rats after acute osmotic stimuli, using in situ hybridization histochemistry. After intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of hypertonic saline (2% body weight, 900 mOsm/kg), the expression levels of all IEG mRNAs were increased significantly both in the PVN and SON at as early as 10 min, peaked at 30 min and remained elevated until 60 min. The expression of AVP heteronuclear (hn)RNA also peaked at 30 min, and remained elevated until 180 min. Thirty min after i.p. administration of hypertonic saline (600 mOsm/kg), the expression levels of all IEG mRNAs in the PVN and SON were significantly increased in comparison with those after i.p. administration of isotonic saline (290 mOsm/kg). Regression analysis revealed that expression levels of the IEG mRNAs and AVP hnRNA were positively correlated with the plasma concentration of sodium, and the rates of increase of the expression levels of all IEG mRNAs were similar. The expression levels of all IEG mRNAs examined are useful markers for following the changes of the AVP gene transcription in the PVN and SON after acute osmotic stimuli in rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2005.01297.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Monoclonal Anti-Human GP130 Antibody (GPX7) on Bone Turnover in Normal and Ovariectomized Rats (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 62 (1998), S. 227-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Lumbar bone — Proximal tibia — Bone formation — Bone resorption — Estrogen.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We examined the effects of a monocolonal anti-human gp130 antibody (GPX7), which is known to inhibit interleukin-6 (IL-6) and leukemia inhibitory factor-mediated responses in human cells on the bone metabolism in normal and ovariectomized (OVX), 7-month-old, Wistar rats for 8 weeks. After confirming the cross-reactivity of the antibody in suppressing the IL-6-mediated proliferation of rat liver cells, GPX7 was injected once a week at doses of 1 (low dose) or 4 (high dose) mg/kg body weight (BW). In the lumbar body, bone mineral density values and the trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) were maintained in the GPX7 groups. The values of the trabecular osteoclast surface and number in the GPX7 high-dose group were significantly smaller than those in the OVX controls. The double-labeled surface and bone formation rates in the GPX7 high-dose group were significantly increased. In the proximal tibia, however, the bone mineral content and BV/TV values in the GPX7 groups were smaller, but the trabecular thickness value in the GPX7 high-dose group was larger than in the OVX control. The single-labeled surface in the GPX7 high-dose group was significantly larger than that in the OVX control rats. Though the parameter values of trabecular osteoclasts were apparently smaller, the differences were not significant. 17-β estradiol (0.125 mg/kg BW a week) administration prevented the bone loss by reducing the parameters of bone formation and resorption in both the lumbar and the proximal tibia. The antibody administration to the normal rats did not cause any significant changes in the parameters of bone mass and turnover. These data demonstrate that while GPX7 modulates the bone turnover after ovariectomy in rats, it does not compensate for the action of estrogen after ovariectomy in rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900422
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large-dose ascorbic acid administration suppresses the development of arthritis in adjuvant-injected rats (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 119 (1999), S. 121-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We performed animal experiments to test the hypothesis that active oxygen species (AOS) play a major role in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats and to determine whether large-dose ascorbic acid administration would suppress the development of arthritis, reducing the level of damaging AOS in the same animal model. Arthritis was induced in male Lewis rats by adjuvant injection into the base of the tail. Ascorbic acid at doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg body weight (BW) was injected intraperitoneally twice each week for 3 weeks (9 rats per group). The BW, hind paw edema, and arthritis score of the extremities were monitored during the period. On day 21, synovial tissues obtained from the ankle joints were examined histologically and for the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). The SOD activity in the red blood cells (RBC) was also measured. The arthritic control rats showed significant increases in paw volume and arthritis score from day 11. These changes were dose-dependently reduced by ascorbic acid administration. The infiltration of inflammatory cells into the synovial tissues was markedly decreased by ascorbic acid. The increases in SOD activities produced by the adjuvant injection were significantly reduced in both the synovium and the RBC at ascorbic acid doses of 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg BW. In conclusion, large-dose ascorbic acid administration reduced the increases in hind paw inflammatory edema, arthritis in the extremities, and infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the synovial tissue in the adjuvant-induced arthritis rats. Since these anti-arthritic effects were associated with a decrease in SOD activities in both the synovium and RBC, the decrease in SOD activity could be one of the mechanisms underlying the suppressive effects of large-dose ascorbic acid on the development of arthritis in this animal model, inhibiting the damaging AOS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004020050374
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