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  • 1
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Expression of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) by bladder tumours has been shown to be associated with increased metastases and resistance to treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Preliminary results from typing frozen tumours using monoclonal antibodies against HLA determinants show reduced or lost expression of one or more antigens in two thirds of patients studied with a trend for more malignant behaviour and inability to generate tumour infiltrating lymphocyte expression using Interleukin-2 in those patients whose tumours demonstrate loss. In this series βhCG expression was only seen in a subgroup of those demonstrating loss of HLA antigen expression. Studies of βhCG secreting bladder cancer cell lines showed that it was possible to induce class II HLA antigen expression with gamma Interferon, and that this treatment but not alpha Interferon reduced βhCG production by the cell line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 406 (2000), S. 673-673 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sir Although I entirely endorse the stand taken by the authors of the Durban Declaration, I think that HIV is the principal, rather than the sole, initiating factor of the current world pandemic of AIDS. I believe this for the following reasons. First, from my experience ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 39 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Loss of CD30 expression in metastatic embryonal carcinoma: the effects of chemotherapy? Aims: CD30 has been shown to be consistently strongly expressed in embryonal carcinomas. Our aim was to examine changes in CD30 expression in embryonal carcinomas before and after treatment with chemotherapy. Methods and results: One hundred and eighteen retroperitoneal lymph node dissections from patients with metastatic germ cell tumours were reviewed. Seventeen contained embryonal carcinoma deposits. In nine cases, the matching pre-chemotherapy orchidectomy specimens were available. The cases were immunohistochemically stained for CD30. All nine pre- chemotherapy orchidectomy specimens showed embryonal carcinoma and stained strongly positively for CD30. However, only four out of nine of the matched post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection specimens and a total of six out of 17 (35%) with embryonal carcinoma deposits stained for CD30. Ten seminomas were negative for CD30. Loss of CD30 did not appear to influence the relapse rate of the patients. Conclusions: Loss of CD30 expression occurs frequently in metastatic embryonal carcinomas after chemotherapy. This finding has implications in the use of CD30 in the diagnosis of metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumours and suggests that chemotherapy may alter the immunophenotype of embryonal carcinoma while retaining its characteristic histological appearances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective— To test the antitumour effect of gonadotrophin releasing-hormone (GnRH) analogues in women with recurrent endometrial cancer.Design— An open phase II observational trial of GnRH analogues. Serial measurements of gonadotrophins, sex hormones and tumour dimensions were made together with repeat biopsy when possible to assess the response to treatment.Setting— The outpatient clinics of the Department of Medical Oncology at The Royal London, Royal Marsden and St Bartholomew's hospitals.Subjects— 17 patients with endometrial cancer which had recurred after surgery, radiotherapy and progesterone treatment and was symptomatic, progressive and assessable for response.Intervention— Monthly subcutaneous injection of GnRH analogue.Main outcome measures— Reduction in serum gonadotrophins and reduction in tumour dimensions.Results— Six out of 17 patients (35%, 95% CI 12.6–58%) achieved a complete or partial remission which continues for a median of 20 months with no adverse effects.Conclusion— GnRH analogues have a significant antitumour effect in recurrent endometrial cancer which warrants further examination in comparison with progestogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims:  To define the frequency and distribution of intratubular embryonal carcinoma (IEC) in an attempt to shed light on the pathogenesis of non-seminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCTs). Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of unclassified type (IGCNU) is common in NSGCT; however, IEC is rarely described.Methods and results:  Sixty-two germ cell tumours were reviewed. Immunochemistry for CD30, placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and c-kit was performed. The distribution, immunohistochemistry and morphology of the intratubular neoplasia were noted. All cases showed widespread IGCNU with PLAP and c-kit staining. CD30 showed strong focal intratubular positivity in 20/31 NSGCTs, 1/29 seminomas and 1/4 mixed seminomas/NSGCTs. In 17 of these cases, the CD30+ tubules were not easily identified as IEC on routine stains. These tubules were scanty in number and c-kit was negative, though some showed patchy PLAP staining. The cells within these tubules differed morphologically from IGCNU.Conclusions:  IEC defined by CD30 positivity is not always easily identified on haematoxylin and eosin staining. We suggest that IEC is a common intermediate step between IGCNU and NSGCTs. The patchy and focal distribution of IEC suggests it may evolve quickly to invasive disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Salvage radical retroperitoneal node dissection for large residual masses remaining after chemotherapy for testicular cancer was performed in 41 patients. In 10 instances it was possible to carry out a radical removal and attempt to preserve the sympathetic chain on one side. Ejaculation was preserved in 8 of these cases. Where removal of the mass was complete (33 cases) active cancer was present in 6, only one of whom developed tumor recurrence. Salvage node dissection is worthwhile, and in about 25% of cases can be performed with preservation of ejaculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Transitional cell carcinoma ; Bladder ; Squamous metaplasia ; Human chorionic gonadotrophin ; Radiotherapy ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A retrospective analysis of the prognostic value of pretreatment histology and expression of human chorionic gonadotrophin (B-hCG) was carried out in 100 invasive (T2/T3) transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder treated in a uniform manner. After transurethral resection of the tumour, all patients received a course of radical radiotherapy, with salvage cystectomy for those who failed to respond. Forty-nine of 100 patients responded to radiation; thus 51 did not. Forty-seven of 60 (78%) patients whose tumours contained areas of squamous differentiation and 22 of 29 (76%) of tumours staining positively for HCG failed to respond to radiotherapy. Twenty-two of 23 (96%) patients with tumours that had both these features did not respond to radiotherapy. The other histological features studied (grade of tumour, necrosis, inflammation, vascular invasion, and growth pattern) appeared unrelated to each other or to clinical outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of urology 2 (1984), S. 122-126 
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-five patients with primary metastatic adenocarcinoma renis were treated by embolization and delayed nephrectomy. The objective of the study was to examine whether the natural history of the disease is influenced by this combined treatment. Most patients (19/25) had measurable metastatic lesions. No patient received additional therapy unless progression occurred. Embolization was mainly performed with Gelfoam and Gianturco coils. Complete remission of metastases was observed in 1 patient (still in remission after 36 months); stable disease in 6 patients (lasting between 14 and 31 months). Eighteen patients died after a median survival of 5.7 months (range 14 days to 11 months). No major complication related to the embolization procedure occurred. Angio-infarction followed by nephrectomy cannot be recommended for widespread use in patients with primary metastatic kidney carcinoma. The procedure may be tested in controlled clinical trials together with other treatment protocols, such as immunotherapy, infarction with radioactive particles, or chemoembolization. These approaches are experimental and therefore limited to institutions with sufficient experience.
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