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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Tourmaline alteration and high boron contents are typical features of the magmatic-hydrothermal systems of the Bolivian tin province. The average boron content in melt inclusions of quartz phenocrysts from tin porphyry systems is 225 ppm (1σ-variation range: 110–420 ppm; n=12) and suggests a magmatic boron input to the hydrothermal tin systems, and not shallow post-magmatic leaching of boron from pelitic country rocks. Boron data from melt inclusions correlate positively with cesium, rubidium and arsenic, and negatively with lithium, titanium and zirconium, and define magmatic fractionation trends. The generally high B, As, Cs and Li contents in melt inclusions suggest involvement of pelitic source lithologies undepleted in these fluid-mobile components, i.e. first-cycle metamorphic rocks. Magmatic fractionation modified the trace-element contents within a one-log-unit range. Bulk-rock Nd isotope data (ɛNd−5 to −10) are in agreement with the dominantly intracrustal geochemical signature of the Bolivian tin porphyry systems, but also imply a variable but minor mantle input. The metallogeny of the tin belt is likely a consequence of intracrustal melting of Lower Paleozoic pelitic and slightly carbonaceous source material, combined with an extended magmatic evolution. The long-lived thermal preparation of the root zones of the silicic systems is provided by mafic magma which also leaves a chemical imprint in the form of the hybrid dacitic bulk composition of the tin porphyry systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The optimum growth, food intake, food conversion efficiency, final body composition and mortality of juvenile Cichlasoma urophthalmus (Günther) was studied at different temperatures, ranging from 22.5 to 36.3°C. The results showed that food intake and specific growth rate increase rising to an apparent optimum at about 33.1°C. Multiple regression equations were derived which can be used to predict food intake and specific growth rate when temperature and initial body weight are known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 170-172 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Second harmonic generation (SHG) in waveguides which are multimode at the second harmonic exhibit an intensity dependence in both the phase-match wavelength and relative conversion efficiency of the different SHG modes because they are coupled to the same fundamental. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 17 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The oxygen consumption rate of the Mexican cichlid, Cichlasoma urophthalmus Günther, was determined using closed-circuit respirometry at 20,25,30 and 36°C over a weight range of l·91–116g. Oxygen consumption rates ranged from 31 to 4500mg/kg/h and were slightly higher than for other cichlid species reported. Q10 was 2·49 between 20°Cand 30°C, but showed a direct increase with temperature. The species is an oxygen conformer, with an estimated critical oxygen tension of 70 mmHg at 28°C. This confers good low oxygen tolerance and some advantages for culture. The fish were able to withstand virtual anoxia for up to 2h. The significance of these results is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The salinity tolerance of Cichlasoma synspilum (Hubbs) fry was measured at intervals up to 144 h. Good survival was obtained only up to about 5%o, and 100% mortality was recorded after 4 h at 20%o. The 144-h LC50 was estimated to be 14.5%o and this species is clearly a very stenohaline, freshwater animal. Respiratory rates of animals from 0.8 to 245 g were measured in fresh water at temperatures of 20,25, 30 and 35 C. The rates were similar to those in other cichlids, but were notably lower than those recorded for Cichlasoma urophthalmus (Günther). This species has potential for aquaculture in fresh water and marginal brackish waters within its natural range, and the experiments reported here provide useful background data for system design and husbandry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 22 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. This study is based on a description of the anatomical development of live eggs and larval characteristics of queen conch, Strombus gigas L., before hatching, and the development of these characteristics at five different temperatures (24°C, 26°C, 28°C, 30°C and 32°C). The effect of temperature was quantified with reference to six easily identifiable morphological changes, selected from 27 identified characteristics. The relationship between the appearance of the six characteristics and water temperature was used to calculate the minimal biological temperature (MBT) for queen conch. The “degree days” for each characteristic until hatching were determined. These data can be used to predict ihc hatching time at predetermined temperatures in culture systems. The work also has the benefit of providing synchronously developed material for S. gigas for developmental, biological, physiological and biochemical research of this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 19 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. A simple trial is described to determine the effects of brown fish meal, solvent extracted soybean meal, raw wheat meal, raw starch and dextrin on diet digestibility in juveniles of the Mexican cichlid, Cichlasoma urophthalmus (Gümher). The effects of possible anti-nutrients in the feedstuffs used were assessed with the purpose of designing practical diets. The results did not show any effect attributable to anti-nutrients, but showed that high dietary fibre levels reduced digestibility. The carbohydrates of soybean meal were poorly digested compared with the other sources utilized. These results suggest that the substitution of fish meal by soybean meat and other plant proteins could be increased to reduce costs of practical diets for this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 16 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. A device for self-separating newly metamorphosed post-larvae prawns from larval culture tanks was designed based on the rheotactic activity exhibited by freshwater prawns after metamorphosis into post-larvae. The performance and effectiveness of the post-larvae selector were evaluated under (a) 24-h periods, (b) four water flows and (c) at two tank depths. A high migratory response (90% confidence level) during the dark period with a water flow range of approximately 11 pm was found. Thus the device has shown to be highly efficient in separating post-larvae in mixed population tanks. The avoidance of excessive handling stress, and the continuous automatic removal of post-larvae immediately following metamorphosis into juveniles are two of the most important advantages of this design as compared to other separation devices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 17 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 27 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A 12 week feeding trial was conducted in a closed recirculating system with Cichlasoma synspilum (Hubbs) fry (280 mg) in order to determine their protein requirements. Six diets containing increasing protein levels (30, 35, 40, 45, 50 and 55%) were formulated using brown fish meal as the protein source. The fish were fed by hand daily at a rate of 6% body weight: at 2-week intervals, the fish were bulkweighed and the feeding rate was adjusted accordingly After 90 days, a direct relationship was observed between dietary protein content and fmal body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate (P 〈 0,05), with the best results for diets containing 50,45,40 and 55% of protein: feed intake, food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, carcass nitrogen deposition and apparent N utilization were also statistically higher (P 〈 0,05) for fish fed diets with 50, 45, 40 and 55% of protein content. The lower performance was obtained in those fish fed diets with 30 and 35% protein content. Applying the broken-line response method with SGR data, the protein requirement of C. sytispilum fry was established as 40.81%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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