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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 185-187 
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreas, cyst—Pancreas—Computed tomography—Ultrasonography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Two cases of rare lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) of the pancreas are presented. Although the histogenesis of this lesion is not known, it can be histologically differentiated from other pancreatic and retropancreatic cysts. The importance of its recognition is in the distinction from cystic neoplasm of the pancreas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A recently developed analytic theory for wakefields generated when a charge bunch, or train of bunches, passes along a dielectric-lined waveguide is applied to examine stability issues for this system. Such a configuration could be the key element in a two-beam accelerator to create colliding TeV-range electron and positron beams. It is shown that a 587 MV/m peak acceleration gradient can be achieved when a train of five 2 nC, 1.0 GeV, 0.20 mm long drive bunches passes along the axis of an alumina-lined waveguide (ε=9.5) with inner and outer radii 0.50 and 5.0 mm. The energy gain of a 0.2 nC test bunch in a 4 m long stage under these conditions is shown to be 1.48 GeV, for an average acceleration gradient of 370 MV/m. However, when a drive bunch is injected parallel to, but displaced from, the waveguide axis, transverse (mainly dipole) forces cause the tail of the bunch to swerve sharply toward the waveguide wall (head-to-tail instability), and to intersect the wall after traversing a relatively short distance. These results suggest that successful exploitation of the appealing strong wakefields generated by a train of drive bunches will require some means of transverse stabilization, such as an array of externally applied focusing and defocusing quadrupoles. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 2288-2297 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: B-doped Si(001) films, with concentrations CB up to 1.7×1022 cm−3, were grown by gas-source molecular-beam epitaxy from Si2H6 and B2H6 at Ts=500–800 °C. D2 temperature-programed desorption (TPD) spectra were then used to determine B coverages θB as a function of CB and Ts. In these measurements, as-deposited films were flash heated to desorb surface hydrogen, cooled, and exposed to atomic deuterium until saturation coverage. Strong B surface segregation was observed with surface-to-bulk B concentration ratios ranging up to 1200. TPD spectra exhibited β2 and β1 peaks associated with dideuteride and monodeuteride desorption as well as lower-temperature B-induced peaks β2* and β1*. Increasing θB increased the area under β2* and β1* at the expense of β2 and β1 and decreased the total D coverage θD. The TPD results were used to determine the B segregation enthalpy, −0.53 eV, and to explain and model the effects of high B coverages on Si(001) growth kinetics. Film deposition rates R increase by ≥50% with increasing CB〉˜1×1019 cm−3 at Ts≤550 °C, due primarily to increased H desorption rates from B-backbonded Si adatoms, and decrease by corresponding amounts at Ts≥600 °C due to decreased adsorption site densities. At Ts≥700 °C, high B coverages also induce {113} facetting. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1474-8673
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 This study evaluated the inhibitory action of apigenin-7-O-β-d-glucuronopyranoside (AGC), apigenin, and omeprazole on reflux oesophagitis and gastritis in rats. AGC was isolated from Clerodendron trichotomum leaves. 2 Oesophagitis and gastritis were induced by surgical procedure and the administration of indomethacin, respectively. The intraduodenal (i.d.) administration of AGC decreased the volume of gastric juice and increased the gastric pH compared with apigenin and omeprazole. The acid output was more inhibited by AGC in a dose-dependent manner than by apigenin and omeprazole. Compared with apigenin and omeprazole, AGC significantly decreased the size of gastric lesions, which were induced by exposure of the gastric mucosa to indomethacin. 3 Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, which is the end product of lipid peroxidation, was increased significantly after the induction of reflux oesophagitis. The MDA content was decreased by AGC (i.d. 3 mg kg−1), but not by either apigenin or omeprazole. This suggests that AGC has an antioxidative effect. In the oesophagitis group, the mucosal levels of glutathione (GSH) were significantly lower than that in the normal group. However, the GSH levels were preserved after administering the AGC, suggesting that AGC possesses scavenging activity. 4 In summary, AGC is more potent than apigenin and omeprazole at inhibiting reflux oesophagitis and gastritis and may therefore be a promising drug for their treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Haemophilia A is an X-linked inherited bleeding disorder. Linkage diagnosis using polymorphic markers in the factor VIII gene is used to archive the carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. The objective of this study was to establish the allele frequency and heterozygosity rate (HR) of two new intragenic markers (Intron 1 and 24) and other markers (Intron 13 and 22) using fluorescent PCR. Five hundred unrelated healthy women were screened and haemophilic family was studied for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. We observed five different alleles of Intron 1, 10 of Intron 24, nine of Intron 13 and six of Intron 22. The observed HR for Intron 1, 24, 13 and 22 were 34.0, 35.2, 53.0 and 42.6%, while the expected HR were 33.6, 36.3, 50.1 and 44.3%, respectively. Heterozygosity rate with the combined use of all four intragenic markers was 76.6% (383/500). In prenatal diagnosis of a haemophilic family, a pregnant woman was heterozygous with three intragenic (Intron 1, 13 and 22) and one extragenic St14 VNTR (DXS52) markers. She was considered to be a carrier, and she carried a male foetus by AMXY PCR and chromosome analysis of amniocytes. Foetus did not have mutant haplotype as his uncle, suggesting a normal male status. Our study demonstrates the utility of two new intragenic markers in FVIII gene for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of haemophilic families.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in human crescentic glomerulonephritisAims:  In glomerulonephritis, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) may play important roles in the formation of crescents. These studies are designed to evaluate the expression patterns of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in human crescentic glomerulonephritis and to determine the cellular origin of adhesion molecules in the crescentic lesions.Methods and results:  We examined the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 proteins in renal biopsies with cellular (n=7), fibrocellular (n=9) or fibrous (n=4) crescentic glomerulonephritis, and six controls by immunohistochemistry. mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 was further evaluated by RNA in-situ hybridization. Cytokeratin or CD68 immunohistochemistry was performed on the same sections, where in-situ hybridization had been carried out. In cellular crescents, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 proteins were over-expressed to a similar extent. Of the three types of crescents, the extent of ICAM-1 immunopositivity was the greatest in the cellular crescents and decreased towards the fibrous crescents (P 〈 0.05). Yet the extent of VCAM-1 immunoreactivity was not different between the types. Fibrous crescents still contained some epithelial cells and showed only VCAM-1 expression. In the glomeruli with cellular or fibrocellular crescents, the extent of ICAM-1 immunopositivity in the glomerular tufts was significantly larger than that of VCAM-1 (P 〈 0.05). In an in-situ hybridization study, the mRNA expression patterns of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 paralleled their protein expressions. A double-labelling study showed that the signal for ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNAs was mainly present in cytokeratin-positive and CD68-negative cells in the crescentic lesions.Conclusions:  These results suggest that glomerular parietal epithelial cells in cellular crescents up-regulate both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and that some epithelial cells retained in fibrous crescents persistently over-express VCAM-1, but not ICAM-1. They also suggest that ICAM-1 is involved in early leucocyte recruitment into glomeruli in crescentic glomerulonephritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Scientific Publications
    International journal of gynecological cancer 4 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Chromosome 17p allelic losses and concurrent p53 mutations have been demonstrated in various human cancers. We therefore investigated the presence of chromosome 17p allelic loss and possible concurrent p53 mutation in 29 Korean cases of cervical carcinoma by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) over the region from exon 4 to exon 9 of the p53 gene. We also examined the expression of p53 in paraffin tissues by immunohistochemical staining and determined the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences in the same tissues by multitype PCR analysis to correlate them to the allelic loss on chromosome 17p13 and p53 mutation. In the analysis of 29 cases, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was observed in eight (40%) cases out of 20 informative cases and p53 mutation was observed in only one case (3.4%) at exon 5. So in the majority of cases with LOH on 17p in this series, mutation of p53 gene appeared to be rare. But we obtained three cases (10.3%) of positive immunoreactivity from 29 cases. Those cases may carry mutations outside of the regions examined by PCR-SSCP. HPV DNA was detected in 27 of 29 cases (93.1%). HPV types 8, 11, 16, and 18 were detected in the samples we tested, while only two (7.4%) out of 27 HPV positive cases exhibited overexpression for p53 without any demonstrable p53 mutation upon PCR-SSCP. These results suggest that HPV infection may play a role in inactivating wild-type p53 protein in cervical carcinomas. In conclusion, mutation and overexpression of p53 gene appear to be rare, particularly in cases of cervical carcinoma associated with positive HPV sequence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 5 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: CD44 is a cell-surface molecule that has been shown to have several splicing isoforms. In various human tumors, such as primary colon and breast tumors, and their metastases, alterations of CD44 isoform expression have been reported. The present study was performed to investigate CD44 alternative transcript splicing in gynecologic malignancies. We performed reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of CD44 splice variant expression on mRNA transcripts from ovarian carcinomas (six primary and 15 metastatic tumors) from 21 patients and from cervical carcinomas (25 primary and two metastatic tumors) from 25 patients. We also performed this analysis on five different ovarian carcinoma cell lines established from ascitic fluid and primary tumors, and two cervical carcinoma cell lines. We included eight normal female genital tissue specimens and one additional placenta specimen in our RT-PCR analysis for comparison with CD44 expression of carcinomas. The CD44H isoform was amplified in all of the specimens. None of eight normal tissue specimens, including myometrium and ovary, expressed CD44R1 transcripts. But the CD44R1 transcript was expressed in 2/6 (33.3%) primary ovarian carcinomas and in 7/15 (46.6%) metastatic ovarian carcinomas. In cervical carcinoma, 13/25 (52.0%) primary tumors and 2/2 (100.0%) metastatic tumors expressed CD44R1. The CD44R1 transcript was expressed increasingly during ovarian and cervical tumor progression (P = 0.026 and P = 0.002, respectively). In conclusion, the frequency of CD44R1 transcript expression increased during ovarian and cervical carcinoma progression, and analysis of CD44 splice variants may be useful in detecting primary and metastatic gynecologic malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Beamline BL-NE1B has been constructed at the 6.5-GeV TRISTAN accumulation ring (AR) for applications of circular polarization in the soft x-ray region. Circularly polarized soft x rays are produced by a helical undulator operation mode of an insertion device, EMPW#NE1. The fundamental harmonic peak can be tuned from 0.25 to 2 keV. The NE1B beamline is equipped with a vertical-dispersion spherical-grating monochromator using the Rowland mounting. A monochromatized circularly polarized photon flux higher than ∼1011 photons/s has been obtained over an energy range from 0.25 to 1.25 keV with an energy resolution (E/ΔE) of around 1500–300. An energy resolution of about 5000 has been achieved at 400 eV with slit widths of 10 and 10 μm. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We use a combination of in situ and postdeposition experimental probes together with ab initio calculations of strain coefficients and formation energies associated with specific C configurations in the Si lattice to determine C incorporation pathways and lattice site distributions in fully coherent Si1−yCy alloy layers grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on Si(001) as a function of deposition temperature Ts (380 °C–680 °C) and C fraction y (0–0.026). Lattice strain and Raman spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that all C, irrespective of y, is incorporated into substitutional lattice sites in Si1−yCy(001) layers grown at Ts≤480 °C. Increasing Ts≥580 °C leads to strong C surface segregation, as shown by in situ angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, yielding additional pathways for C incorporation. Photoluminescence measurements indicate that an increasing fraction of the incorporated C in the higher-temperature layers resides in dicarbon complexes. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction and cross sectional transmission electron microscopy reveal surface roughening at Ts≥580 °C with the formation of bulk planar structures, interconnected by {113} segments, that are periodic along [001] with a periodicity which decreases with increasing Ts. We interpret the planar structures as layers of C-rich Si1−yCy which form in the presence of excess surface C resulting from segregation. Our ab initio density functional calculations show that substitutional C arranged in an ordered Si4C phase is 0.34 eV per C atom more stable than isolated substitutional C atoms. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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