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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Histamine assays can be unreliable in individual subjects or samples even though the particular method is in general working very well. Therefore the specificity and accuracy of histamine determination in the gastric aspirate of individual duodenal ulcer patients was thoroughly examined and shown to be satisfactory. Pitfalls of the fluorometric assay were investigated. A native (non-histamine) fluorescence in gastric aspirate which occurs before the addition of OPT was not removed by the original Shore procedure. In the combined assay (Dowex 50+ butanol extraction) this fluorescence no longer interferes with the assay. For the identification of histamine in a single gastric aspirate of an individual duodenal ulcer patient, the reversed blank (3M HCl added to the reaction mixture before OPT instead after OPT), excitation and fluorescence spectra, the heating test with spectra recorded and the HMT test were found to be reliable. The formaldehyde test and the heating test without recording the spectra were useless since they gave false negative results. Since the HMT test was regarded as a reference method it was thoroughly investigated both by theoretical considerations (enzyme kinetics) and by a series of measurements in a single patient as well as in a group of nine subjects. Samples from the period of peak acid output in response to pentagastrin showed an average histamine concentration of about 8 ng/ml and a histamine output of 1.5 μg/30 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Standard operations ; anaesthesia ; blood transfusion ; plasma histamine ; Standardoperationen ; Anästhesie ; Bluttransfusion ; Plasmahistaminspiegel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine prospektive kontrollierte klinische Studie wurde über Veränderungen des Plasmahistamin- und Katecholaminspiegels bei 5 Standardoperationen durchgeführt. Diese Mitteilung, als erster Teil der Studie, zeigt nur die Möglichkeiten auf, eine solche Studie durchzuführen und Veränderungen des Plasmahistaminspiegels nachzuweisen. Erhöhte Plasmahistaminkonzentrationen, die einer Histaminfreisetzungsreaktion von 〉1 ng/ml entsprechen, kamen bei 8 von 25 Operationen vor. In einer explorativen statistischen Analyse wurden diese Reaktionen mit bestimmten Phasen der Anästhesie oder des chirurgischen Eingriffs in Verbindung gebracht. Bluttransfusionen tragen das Risiko in sich, „freies Histamin“ in den Patienten zu infundieren — zumal bei Filterpassage, wenn es unter erhöhtem Druck angewandt wird. Da während Operationen recht häufig „freies Histamin“ in die Zirkulation gelangt und möglicherweise schädigende Wirkungen entfaltet, ist möglicherweise eine Prämedikation mit H1- und H2-Rezeptorantagonisten ratsam.
    Notes: Summary A prospective controlled clinical trial was conducted on changes in plasma histamine and catecholamine levels during 5 standard operations. This communication, as the first part of the trial, deals only with the feasibility of such a trial and the changes in plasma histamine levels. Elevated histamine concentrations corresponding to histamine-release responses of 〉1 ng/ml occurred in 8 of 25 operations. In an explorative analysis these reponses were associated with distinct phases of anaesthesia or the surgical procedure. Blood transfusion carried the risk of infusion of “free histamine” into the patient — especially when administered under pressure. Since during operations “free histamine” enters the circulation with a rather high incidence and may cause harmful effects, premedication with H1-+H2-receptor antagonists seems worth consideration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: duodeno-gastrischer Reflux ; Magensaft ; Galle-Markierung ; Duodenogastric reflux ; Gastric juice ; Bile labelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Ten minute samples of gastric juice were collected by naso-gastric aspiration during maximal histamine stimulation in 14 subjects (6 normal, 8 with duodenal ulceration). In eight of these studies, a simultaneous intravenous infusion of Indocyanine green (ICG) was used to label the bile. A single intravenous injection of Boots secretin was given during the maximal plateaux, and further samples collected. The volume, titratable acidity, electrolyte concentrations and ICG concentrations were measured. Changes in volume and in electrolyte concentrations after secretin were consistent with the hypothesis that secretin stimulated duodenogastric reflux, and that duodenogastric reflux was the major determinant of spontaneous variations in electrolyte concentrations in gastric aspirate. Duodenogastric reflux was calculated by a previously described formula based on the sodium content of the aspirate, and this was found to correlate well with the concentration of the ICG label in the aspirate.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 10 min-Proben von Magensaft wurden mit Hilfe der nasogastrischen Aspiration während maximaler Histaminstimulation bei 14 Personen gesammelt (6 Normalpersonen, 8 Patienten mit Ulcus duodeni). Bei 8 dieser Untersuchungen wurde eine gleichzeitige Infusion mit Indocyanin Grün (ICG) verwendet, um die Galle zu markieren. Eine intravenöse Einzelinjektion von Boots-Sekretin wurde während der maximalen Plateausekretion gegeben und weitere Proben wurden gesammelt. Volumen, titrierbare Azidität, Elektrolyt- und I.C.G.-Konzentrationen wurden gemessen. Veränderungen im Volumen und in den Elektrolytkonzentrationen nach Sekretin stimmten mit der Hypothese überein, daß Sekretin den duodenogastrischen Reflux stimuliert und daß der duodeno-gastrische Reflux die Hauptdeterminante für spontane Variationen in den Elektrolytkonzentrationen im Magenaspirat ist. Der duodeno-gastrische Reflux wurde mit einer früher beschriebenen Formel berechnet, die auf dem Natriumgehalt des Aspirates basiert. Dies erwies sich als gut korreliert mit der Konzentration des ICG im Aspirat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 33 (1991), S. 157-160 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During the course of a study on preservation of small bowel transplants in rats, the hypothesis that histamine may play a role in graft damage has been investigated. Plasma and mucosal histamine levels have been measured after storage and reperfusion of Lewis rat small bowel transplants which have received an intravascular flush of saline or of one of the tissue preservation media, hypertonic citrate or University of Wisconsin solution. Plasma histamine concentration was unchanged from a control value of 23.2±2.6 ng/ml 15 min after reperfusion of grafts, whether fresh or stored for 24 h or for 48 h. Mucosal histamine levels in the grafts fell, however, from a control value of 371.0±22.9 ng/g tissue, first on storage then further after 15 min reperfusion. No differences were found in these parameters of histamine release between any of the preservation media. It is suggested that histamine may play a role in storage and reperfusion damage to small bowel transplants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 18 (1986), S. 19-22 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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