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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 68 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: It is well established that ischemia is associated with prolonged increases in neuronal intracellular free calcium levels. Recent data suggest that regulation of calcium uptake and release from the endoplasmic reticulum is important in maintaining calcium homeostasis. The endoplasmic reticulum Mg2+/Ca2+ ATPase is the major mechanism for sequestering calcium in this organelle. Inhibition of this enzyme may play a causal role in the loss of calcium homeostasis. In order to investigate the effect of ischemia on calcium sequestration into the endoplasmic reticulum, microsomes were isolated from control and ischemic whole brain homogenates by differential centrifugation. Calcium uptake was measured by radioactive calcium (45Ca2+) accumulation in the microsomes mediated by Mg2+/Ca2+ ATPase. Ischemia caused a statistically significant inhibition of presteady-state and steady-state calcium uptake. Duration of ischemia was directly proportional to the degree of inhibition. Decreased calcium uptake was shown not to be the result of increased calcium release from ischemic compared with control microsomes nor the result of selective isolation of ischemic microsomes from the homogenate with a decreased capacity for calcium uptake. The data demonstrate that ischemia inhibits the ability of brain microsomes to sequester calcium and suggest that loss of calcium homeostasis is due, in part, to ischemia-induced inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum Mg2+/Ca2+ ATPase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A theory-based HIV risk-reduction intervention was developed for HIV-positive men with haemophilia and their HIV-negative female romantic partners. The intervention was based on Prochaska and DiClemente’s Transtheoretical Model which describes behaviour change as an incremental, stage-based process. The intervention targeted both communication about safer sex and safer sex behaviours (consistent condom use or abstinence from vaginal intercourse). A total of 255 males and 158 females from six funded haemophilia treatment centres or patient organizations (and 27 associated subsites) participated in the study. Baseline and follow-up (15 months after baseline) measures were administered to assess safer sexual behaviours, communication about safer sex and condom self-efficacy. A quasi-experimental, repeated measures design was utilized to compare two naturally occurring groups; those who received the full intervention package and those who received incomplete or no intervention components. Significant intervention effects for safer sex behaviours, communication about safer sex and condom self-efficacy were identified for the male participants, with those receiving the full intervention package demonstrating better outcomes at follow-up. Women who received the full intervention package were more likely to report the use of a condom by their male partner during the last act of vaginal intercourse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The goal of the project was to develop and evaluate theory-based interventions designed to change sexual behaviour and promote safer sex practices of HIV seropositive young men and adolescents with haemophilia to prevent transmission to sexual partners and offspring. Safer sex was defined as abstinence, consistent condom use, or ‘outercourse’ (intimate, non-intercourse sexual behaviour). This project utilized the Transtheoretical Model developed by Prochaska and DiClemente, which describes behaviour change as an incremental, stage-based process. The 1-year intervention protocol consisted of two individual sessions and two peer-centred activities. One hundred and four adolescents, residing in 22 states, participated. Pre- and post-intervention evaluations were conducted to measure stage progression for participants. The number who were in the action or maintenance stage of change for safer sex was significantly greater at post-test than at pre-test (79 vs. 62%, P 〈 0.0001). Participants also reported an increased use of outercourse. In addition, significant increases in self-efficacy and knowledge regarding safer sex were demonstrated. Following these stage-based interventions, participants were significantly more likely to be engaging in safer sex behaviours than they were previously. These intervention activities can be adapted for use with other adolescent populations and for other behaviour change goals in adolescents with haemophilia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 7 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An exploratory qualitative study of adult heterosexual men with haemophilia and HIV and women who were their sexual partners was conducted as formative research to better understand cognitive factors involved in behavioural intentions and practices which comprise HIV risk-reduction for sexual transmission. The study sought to generate hypotheses, uncover themes, and develop a broad perspective on possible determinants of behaviours related to HIV transmission risk reduction. Qualitative analysis of these data served as a basis for developing a subsequent quantitative, hypothesis-testing survey and an intervention.Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 23 single men and 28 married men with haemophilia and HIV infection, and 28 married women partners selected through stratified, purposeful sampling. The interviews identified beliefs, attitudes, and values underlying decisions regarding target behaviours related to preventing sexual transmission of HIV, including (1) using condoms consistently during vaginal intercourse and (2) talking to partners about risk reduction. The interviews elicited information about perceived advantages and disadvantages of performing each of the targeted behaviours, and factors that facilitate or prevent performing them.Qualitative analysis of coded responses yielded important themes regarding how choices are made about sexual activity and safer sex. Most notably, communication between partners (1) plays a direct, key role in facilitating condom use and (2) forms the basis for maintaining emotional intimacy in these relationships. The link between condom use and communicating about safer sex was viewed as pivotal in achieving HIV prevention for individuals in serodiscordant couples. Recommendations for risk reduction intervention development are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 11 (1919), S. 306-311 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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