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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 132 (1970), S. 7-22 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde die Kinetik der Pyrolyse von Baumwoll-Cellulose und Celluloseacetat von verschiedenem Substitutionsgrad untersucht. Der Bereich der Zersetzungstemperatur der Celluloseproben nimmt mit steigendem Substitutionsgrad ab, die Stabilität nimmt dagegen mit steigendem Substitutionsgrad zu. Es wird für die untersuchten Proben ein wahrscheinlicher Abbaumechanismus diskutiert. Sowohl für die Zersetzung der Proben als auch für die der Rückstände wurden Aktivierungsenergie und Reaktionsordnung bestimmt und mit DTA-Messungen in Beziehung gesetzt.
    Notes: Kinetics of pyrolysis of cotton cellulose and cellulose acetate with different degrees of substitution have been studied. The range of decomposition temperature of the cellulose samples was found to decrease with the increase in degree of substitution. However, the stability of the polymer increased as the degree of substitution increased. Probable mechanism of degradation of the test samples is discussed. Energy of activation and order of reaction for the decomposition of polymer samples as well as for the residual materials have been determined and correlated with DTA measurements.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 11 (1972), S. 759-764 
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 28 (1995), S. 5793-5798 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 100 (1978), S. 5223-5224 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 58 (1986), S. 192-194 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 58 (1986), S. 1547-1551 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: iNOS - COX-2 - Cyclosporin - Rapamycin - FK-506
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: Cyclosporin, FK-506 and rapamycin have similar but distinct modes of interaction with cyclophilins, calcineurins and transcription factors. These immunosuppressive drugs have also been shown to inhibit cytotoxic and inflammatory responses in macrophage. Therefore, we evaluated the mechanism of action of these drugs on iNOS and COX-2 expression by macrophages, the products of which (NO and PGE2) have cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory activities.¶Materials and Methods: The murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 was grown as monolayer cultures. The effects of pharmacologically relevant concentrations of cyclosporin, rapamycin and FK-506 were evaluated in the presence and absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is a known inducer of iNOS and COX-2. Subsequently the expression of iNOS and COX-2 were analyzed by Western and Northern analysis. The production of NO and PGE2 were assayed by Greiss and RIA respectively.¶Results: Cyclosporin (1-5 μg/ml) and rapamycin (1.0-10 nM) but not FK-506 (5-10 nM) inhibited both iNOS and COX-2 expression at mRNA level which led to significant inhibition of NO and PGE2 production.¶Conclusion: These studies characterize differential mechanistic capacity of the immunophilin-binding immunosuppressive drugs (comparable to hydrocortisone) to inhibit both iNOS and COX-2 expression. Inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA accumulation by cyclosporin and rapamycin seem to be distinct. These studies also highlight potential anti-inflammatory properties of these drugs in addition to their known immunosuppressive activity.¶
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 21 (1987), S. 375-378 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous measurements of the calcium rise, membrane potential change, and 90° light scatter (shape change) responses exhibited by neutrophils upon activation, can be obtained with identical result as that obtained when independently performing each measurement. The putative intracellular mediator diacylglycerol depolarizes membrane potential and causes a decrease in light scatter. Leukotriene B4 causes a rise in calcium and a decrease in light scatter. The chemotactic peptide, N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, causes a depolarization of membrane potential, a calcium rise, and a decrease in light scatter. The fura 2 measurements of intracellular free calcium indicate that the calcium concentration of unstimulated cells is much lower than previously thought based on quin 2 studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 200 (1999), S. 137-152 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Chick ; Tongue ; Embryology ; Muscle ; Cell migration ; Somite ; Tbx-3 ; Pax-3 ; MyoD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The musculature of the vertebrate tongue is composed of cells recruited from the somites. In this paper we have investigated the migration and organisation of the muscle cells that give rise to the tongue muscle during chick embryogenesis. At the molecular level, our data suggests that a population of Tbx-3 expressing cells migrate away from the occipital somites prior to the migration of muscle precursors that express Pax-3. Both populations take the same pathway and form the hypoglossal cord. The first signs of muscle cell differentiation were not detected until cells had migrated some distance from the somites. We have determined the contribution of single somites to the musculature of the tongue and show in contrast to previous data that somites 2–6 take part in the formation of all glossal and infrahyoid muscles to the same extent but do not contribute to suprahyoid muscle. This is particularly interesting since glossal and infrahyoid muscle differ from the suprahyoid muscles not only in their morphology, but also in their developmental origin. Furthermore we show that myocytes cross the midline and contribute to the contralateral glossal and infrahyoid muscles. This is supported from our molecular data, which showed that the migratory precursor population was maintained primarily at the rostral tip of the developing hypoglossal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 200 (1999), S. 367-375 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Embryo ; Chick ; Tendon ; Cartilage ; BMP ; Follistatin ; Eph-A4 ; Signalling molecules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Tendons connect muscle to skeletal elements. Although tendons have been shown to originate from the lateral plate mesoderm, very little is known at the molecular level about how they are formed. We have found that two genes, Follistatin and Eph-A4, are expressed in regions associated with tendon formation in developing chick limbs. Follistatin is expressed near the tip of the digits and subsequently around the tendon, whereas Eph A4 transcripts were localized in a slightly more proximal region and later in the body of the tendon. Previous work has demonstrated that application of TGFβ1 or TGFβ2 to inter-digital regions or the removal of ectoderm in the foot plate induces ectopic cartilage formation, while removal of ectoderm or application of FGF to tips of developing digits leads to truncation. Here we show that TGFβ1 or removal of ectoderm is also able to induce the expression of both Eph-A4 and Follistatin and that manipulations that cause truncations affect these genes. Thus cartilage and tendon development appear to be coordinated. Ectopic application of recombinant human Follistatin, an antgaonist of certain TGFβ super-family proteins including Activin and Bmp-4, results in the loss of tendon, implicating signalling by TGFβ super-family in the development of tendon during chick embryogenesis. Signalling by TGFβ family members, antagonised by Noggin is known to regulate skeletal development. Thus we suggest that parallel pathways govern both skeletal and tendon patterning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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