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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 50 (1980), S. 57-60 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alexander's diseases (AD) ; Encephalopathy ; Rosenthal fibers (RFs) ; Sheep
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the brain of a 4-year-old ewe extensive Rosenthal fiber (RF) formation was found in a subpial and subependymal location and in particular in the cerebellar white matter. Here, the RFs were concentrated around blood vessels, and there was diffuse myelin rarefaction. The animal had given birth to two lambs, which were still healthy at the age of 3 weeks when their mother died after a short illness with astasia and alternating states of somnolence and hyperexcitability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 69 (1986), S. 227-233 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Leu 7 ; HNK-1 ; Monoclonal antibody ; Gliomas ; Neuroepithelial tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunoreactivity of the anti-Leu 7 (HNK-1) monoclonal antibody, a marker for natural killer cells, was evaluated with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method on sections of human paraffin-embedded tissues from 135 tumors of the central nervous system and five esthesioneuroblastomas. As shown independently by others, the antibody was found to react with most types of neoplastic neuroepithelial cells. Our findings indicate that the reaction is most often localized on the cytoplasmic membranes. The immunoreactive cell membranes were generally those of well-differentiated tumor cells and of neoplastic cells found in tumors that usually were not embryonal in nature. Parallel immunostaining either of the same or of successive sections with an anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein serum was of considerable assistance in discriminating between different immunoreactive cells, e.g., between astrocytes and cells presumed to be oligodendrocytes. Despite its cross-recognition of cells of various histogenesis, the anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody can, in well-defined circumstances, elucidate specific differential diagnostic problems involving neurogenic neoplasms that cannot be resolved with routine staining techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1986), S. 15-22 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Oligodendroglioma ; Cell markers ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-eight oligodendrogliomas and seven oligoastrocytomas were immunotested by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method with antiglial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) serum, anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody (Mab), anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) Mab, anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) serum, anti-carbonic anhydrase C (CA C) serum and anti-neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum. The immunoreactivity of their vascular pattern was studied withUlex europaeus type I lectin (UEA I). According to their morphology and distribution GFAP-positive cells were respectively interpreted as reactive astrocytes, neoplastic astrocytes and neoplastic oligodendrocytes. Reactive astrocytes were found in the tumor, around the tumor and surrounding the supporting blood vessels. Neoplastic astrocytes were mainly found in the oligoastrocytomas and usually closely intermingled with neoplastic oligodendrocytes. GFAP-positive neoplastic oligodendrocytes were found in the typical oligodendrogliomatous areas. They had central nuclei and GFA positivity was mainly found in the perinuclear cytoplasm. They correspond to the “gliofibrillary oligodendrocytes” described by Herpers and Budka [11]. Of the oligodendrogliomas 91% displayed Leu 7 positivity, but anti-Leu 7 cannot be considered as a specific marker for oligodendrogliomas since other neuroepithelial tumors have been reported to react with this antibody [20]. MAG-, CA C- and NSE-positivities were found in a number of tumor cells in a few oligodendrogliomas. All the tumor cells were MBP-negative, but myelin sheaths and fragments of myelin in the infiltrated white matter were clearly demonstrated by this antiserum. UEA I strikingly demonstrated the vascular pattern of the tumors, and its usefulness as a discriminating marker for the supportive endothelial cells was confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 112-117 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Rat brain tumors ; Granular cell tumors ; Immunohistochemistry ; Astrocytoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied paraffin-embedded specimens of 17 rat granular cell brain tumors (GCBT) from four long-term drug safety carcinogenicity studies by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immunohistochemistry with either polyvalent or monoclonal antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein (S-100), Leu-7 epitopes, vimentin (VIM), keratin, desmin, and myelin basic protein. We have found that 9 of the 17 GCBT contained GFAP-positive, S-100-positive, and VIM-positive astrocytes, while GFAP-positive and VIM-positive granular cells were observed in 5 of these 9 tumors. Our findings indicate that astroglial cells are involved in rat GCBT and suggest that an astrocytic origin should be considered for these neoplasms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 68 (1985), S. 319-324 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Anti-Leu 7 ; HNK-1 ; Monoclonal antibody ; Myelin-associated glycoprotein ; Schwannoma ; Neurofibroma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using relatively high dilutions of anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody and a four-step peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) reaction in paraffin-embedded tissues, we tested the affinity of this antibody to the cells of 47 human nerve sheath tumors and 22 other tumors in which the differential diagnosis with nerve sheath neoplasms is known to arise. Of all the nerve sheath tumors studied 68%, including 80% of the schwannomas, contained anti-Leu 7-positive cells. All 22 non-schwannian neoplasms were entirely, negative. Specimens of eight experimental malignant rat schwannomas were also negative for anti-Leu 7 antibody. Our findings suggest that anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody is a promising marker that may facilitate the differential diagnosis between human Schwann cell and non-schwann cell neoplasms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: S-Antigen ; Monoclonal antibody ; Pineal gland ; Pineocytoma ; Pineoblastoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a four-step immunoperoxidase (PAP) method and the monoclonal antibody MAbA9-C6 (MAbA9-C6), which defines an epitope of the retinal S-antigen (S-Ag), we investigated the S-Ag immunoreactivity in human fetal, newborn, infantile and adult pineal glands and in 13 human pineal parenchymal tumors. S-Ag immunoreactivity was demonstrated in a few cells in one of the four fetal and in both infantile glands. Eight of nine adult pineal glands contained isolated MAbA9-C6-positive cells. In two of seven pineocytomas showing neuronal or gangliogliomatous differentiation a few scattered cells displayed S-Ag positivity; two of four pineoblastomas contained small groups of strongly immunoreactive neoplastic cells; two malignant pineocytomas did not demonstrate any S-Ag immunoreactivity. Our results indicate that isolated cells in human pineal gland retain some of the cytochemical characteristics of photoreceptor cells recognized by the MAbA9-C6, and that S-Ag immunoreactivity may be occasionally expressed in pineal parenchymal tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 76 (1988), S. 204-207 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: S-Antigen ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Cerebellar medulloblastoma ; Photoreceptor cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A series of 16 cerebellar medulloblastomas were studied immunohistochemically using a four-step immunoperoxidase (PAP) method and a monoclonal antibody (MAbA9-C6) which defines an epitope of the retinal S-antigen, a protein known to occur in retinal photoreceptor cells and pinealocytes of the pineal gland as well as in retinoblastomas, pineocytomas and pineoblastomas. Immunopositivity was demonstrated in a variable number of tumor cells in 50% of the cases. This finding may be an indication of a differentiation potential of medulloblastomas along the photoreceptor cell lineage. Alternatively, it may simply indicate the non-specificity of the retinal antigen in the neoplastic state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Medulloblastoma ; Primitive neuroectodermal tumor ; Cell differentiation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Surgical specimens from 36 medulloblastomas (25 classic and 11 desmoplastic) were studied by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immunohistochemistry with antibodies against the class III β-tubulin isotype (β-tubulin), synaptophysin, retinal S-antigen (S−Ag), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). We found that neoplastic cells expressed β-tubulin in 91% of the tumors (23 classic and 10 desmoplastic), synaptophysin in 75% (19 classic and 8 desmoplastic), S−Ag in 44% (11 classic and 5 desmoplastic), and GFAP in 11% of medulloblastomas (2 classic and 2 desmoplastic). Synaptophysin and β-tubulin positivities were observed in undifferentiated neoplastic cells, in cells forming neuroplastic rosettes, and in pale islands, while S−Ag immunopositivity was noted in undifferentiated cells, occasionally in β-tubulin-negative neuroblastic rosettes, and exceptionally in pale islands. Large pale islands, in two desmoplastic medulloblastomas, exhibited distinct patterns of immunoreactivity to the above markers, suggesting neuronal and glial differentiation in the central area, and intense neuritic development in the peripheral zone. Our findings confirm the predominant capacity of medulloblastoma cells to differentiate along neuronal cell lines and indicate that large pale islands, in desmoplastic medulloblastomas, represent well-organized areas for neuronal and, to a lesser degree, astroglial differentiation. Furthermore, it appears, in our cases, that immunohistochemical features do not represent clear-cut prognostic indicators in patients with medulloblastomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 70 (1986), S. 284-288 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Myelin sheaths ; Astroglial cells ; Mouse IgM ; GFAP ; Monoclonal antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunoreactivity of purified mouse myeloma IgM immunoglobulins (mouse IgM) to human myelin sheaths and astroglial cells was evaluated with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method on paraffin-embedded tissues from human gliomas and areas of multiple sclerosis, and from normal human cerebrum, spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. The mouse IgM reacted positively with central and peripheral myelin sheaths and, as shown independently by others, with the cytoplasm of neoplastic and reactive astroglia. Parallel immunostaining of successive sections with an anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) serum and/or the anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody was of considerable assistance in identifying the immunoreactive elements and in distinguishing specific from non-specific immunostaining of myelin sheaths and astroglia. Pretreatment with normal human serum inhibited the non-specific binding by mouse IgM without altering GFAP and Leu 7 reactivities. The non-specific binding of mouse IgM to human myelin sheaths and astroglia can therefore be overcome, and the specificity of mouse IgM monoclonal antibodies retained, by the parallel immunostaining of successive sections with mouse IgM. If nonspecific binding by mouse IgM is found to occur, it can then be inhibited by preincubation with normal human serum without loss of specific antigenicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Epithelial membrane antigen ; Pacinian corpuscles ; Perineurial cells ; Perineurioma ; Neurothekeoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Paraffin-embedded surgical pathology specimens from skin (5) and muscle (2) biopsies, from Morton's neuromas (3), traumatic neuromas (8), schwannomas (21), neurofibromas (12), and from one perineurioma and one neurothekeoma were studied by immunoperoxidase histochemistry and antibodies against epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), Leu 7 epitopes (Leu 7), S-100 protein (S-100) and cytokeratins. Normal, reactive and neoplastic perineurial cells stain consistently for EMA, whereas Schwann cells express Leu 7 and/or S-100 positivity. None of the immunoreactive cells stained for cytokeratin. Our findings indicate that perineurial and Schwann cells can easily be distinguished by their different patterns of immunoreactivity with the above markers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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