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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-comparison method for mass spectrometric determination of hydrogen isotopic abundances (1983)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 55 (1983), S. 827-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00257a005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE REMEDIAL AND PREVENTATIVE EFFECT OF DIETARY α-TOCOPHEROL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF FISHY FLAVOR IN TURKEY MEAT (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 40 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: THREE EXPERIMENTS were conducted to evaluate the preventative and remedial effect of α-tocopherol on the development of fishy flavor in turkeys fed fish oils. It was found that about 200 mg/kilo α-tocopherol acetate afforded optimum prevention of fishy flavor in turkeys fed as much as 2% tuna oil in their rations. Withdrawal of fish oil and beef fat substitution for 2 wk before slaughter, caused some decline in fishiness. The addition of α-tocopherol to the beef fat diet significantly accelerated the decline of fishiness in breast meat. It was also noted that the oil (tuna) used in these experiments contain many fold higher levels of long chain linolenates (ω-3 fatty acids) than other fish meals (oils) used to feed poultry. There, it is more than a specious argument to assume that less o-tocopherol acetate would be required to achieve the same effect with such oils since fishiness is related to linolenate content.Tocopherol injection 72, 48 and 24 hr before slaughter was as effective as feeding it concomitantly with fish oil in the reduction of fishiness in the thigh meat and skin. The same trend was noted for breast meat although not statistically significant. Further work is needed to more accurately assess the value of injection.Fatty acid distribution analyses were performed on the extracted lipids from the breast meat of turkeys from all treatments. In general, the results were as expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1975.tb00548.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relative Differences in Tenderness of Breast Muscle in Normal and Two Dystrophic Mutant Strains of Chickens (1969)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 34 (1969), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY– Cooked samples of Pectoralis major muscles from one normal and two mutant dystrophic lines of chickens were compared for tenderness using a mechanical device. The muscles from one of these lines, characterized by partial atrophy, were found to be significantly more tender than normal muscles, whereas the muscles from the second mutant line, characterized by hypertrophy were much tougher than normal muscles. Cooking-weight losses were much greater in both of the dystrophic mutant lines than in the normal line. Some relationships between composition of the three muscle types and their textural qualities are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00905.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PREVENTION OF TOUGHENING OF CHICKEN BREAST MUSCLE CUT IMMEDIATELY AFTER SLAUGHTER BY CONTROL OF pH DECLINE (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 44 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of slowing the rate of pH decline on the toughening effect of cutting chicken pectoralis muscle shortly after slaughter was studied by injection of NaHCO3/Na2CO3 buffer into the muscle immediately after evisceration. Buffer injected to a calculated level of 0.48% solids resulted in cut muscles with an ultimate mean pH of 6.5, which were completely tender after 24 hr aging. Buffer injected at a calculated level of 0.72% solids resulted in muscles which were adequately tender after 5 hr aging and extremely tender (ultimate pH 6.7) after 24 hr aging. Untreated cut control muscles were relatively tough after 24 hr aging (ultimate pH 5.75–5.78).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1979.tb08520.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF POLYPHOSPHATES ON TENDERNESS OF HOT CUT CHICKEN BREAST MEAT (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The toughening effect of cutting chicken broiler breast muscle within 1 hr after slaughter was prevented by injection of sodium polyphosphates into the muscle at 20 min postmortem. After aging, pH of polyphosphate-treated muscles averaged 6.15 compared with 5.81 for untreated muscles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1977.tb01228.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inositol and Free Sugars in Chicken Muscle Post-Mortem (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 27 (1962), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Chicken muscle was analyzed for free sugars using separations by paper chromatography. Inositol, glucose, sedoheptulose, mannose, fructose, rihose, and rihulose were identified. Two other unknown compounds appeared to he arabinose and xylose. Five minor components detected were not identified.The principal free sugars present in chicken muscle immediately postmortem were glucose and fructose. Ribose occurred only in trace amounts. During a 6-day storage period at ice temperature, glucose levels increased in white muscle from 13-week-old pullets and also in both red and white muscle from old hens, but decreased in red muscle from pullets. Red muscle contained more than twice as much free iuositol as white muscle. Inositol, fructose, and ribose increased during storage in the two kinds of muscle in both older and younger birds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1962.tb00088.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared heterodyne spectroscopy of CO 2 on Mars (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 128-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the equipment. Two concave mirrors not shown in Fig. 1 matched the diameter and wavefront curvature of the laser and telescope beams at the combining beam splitter. The 9% of the laser beam which was reflected by the beam splitter and the 91% of the telescopic beam ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/250128a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of lava tubes in the light of observations at Mauna Ulu, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (1994)
    Springer
    Bulletin of volcanology 56 (1994), S. 343-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Keywords: Key words: lava tubes ; lava flows ; shield volcanoes ; littoral lava tubes ; basalt ; Mauna Ulu ; Kilauea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract During the 1969–1974 Mauna Ulu eruption on Kilauea's upper east rift zone, lava tubes were observed to develop by four principal processes: (1) flat, rooted crusts grew across streams within confined channels; (2) overflows and spatter accreted to levees to build arched roofs across streams; (3) plates of solidified crust floating downstream coalesced to form a roof; and (4) pahoehoe lobes progressively extended, fed by networks of distributaries beneath a solidified crust. Still another tube-forming process operated when pahoehoe entered the ocean; large waves would abruptly chill a crust across the entire surface of a molten stream crossing through the surf zone. These littoral lava tubes formed abruptly, in contrast to subaerial tubes, which formed gradually. All tube-forming processes were favored by low to moderate volume-rates of flow for sustained periods of time. Tubes thereby became ubiquitous within the pahoehoe flows and distributed a very large proportion of the lava that was produced during this prolonged eruption. Tubes transport lava efficiently. Once formed, the roofs of tubes insulate the active streams within, allowing the lava to retain its fluidity for a longer time than if exposed directly to ambient air temperature. Thus the flows can travel greater distances and spread over wider areas. Even though supply rates during most of 1970–1974 were moderate, ranging from 1 to 5 m3/s, large tube systems conducted lava as far as the coast, 12–13 km distant, where they fed extensive pahoehoe fields on the coastal flats. Some flows entered the sea to build lava deltas and add new land to the island. The largest and most efficient tubes developed during periods of sustained extrusion, when new lava was being supplied at nearly constant rates. Tubes can play a major role in building volcanic edifices with gentle slopes because they can deliver a substantial fraction of lava erupted at low to moderate rates to sites far down the flank of a volcano. We conclude, therefore, that the tendency of active pahoehoe flows to form lava tubes is a significant factor in producing the common shield morphology of basaltic volcanoes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326461
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Operant behavioural and neurochemical effects after neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine treatment (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 50 (1976), S. 55-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: 6-Hydroxydopamine ; Operant behaviour ; Noradrenaline ; Tyrosine hydroxylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Newborn rats were treated at 1 and 2 days after birth with 100 mg/kg 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA), s.c. Testing on several operant behavioural tasks was begun at 6 months of age. On a fixed ratio 30 (FR 30) schedule of food reinforcement, the neonatal 6OHDA treated rats responded at a significantly higher rate. Further analysis of the FR 30 response pattern indicated that the higher rate was due to a decrease in the amount of time spent pausing after the receipt of each reinforcer. The 6OHDA treatment failed to alter the rat's behaviour during the extinction of the FR 30 response and on the progressive ratio or variable interval schedules of food reinforcement. Biochemical analysis of several brain areas at 9 months of age showed a decrease in noradrenaline (NA) levels in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, while in the pons-medulla NA, content was doubled. The tyrosine hydroxylase activity in these same brain areas was not significantly altered, but there appeared to be some decrease in the activity of this enzyme in the hippocampus. Comparison of the operant behavioural effects seen after various lesioning procedures in this and other studies, suggest the effects on FR performance are a result of destruction of NA neurons in the hippocampus and/or the apparent regeneration of neurons in the pons-medulla.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00634155
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On sensitivity in optimal control problems (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 13 (1974), S. 56-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Sensitivity analysis ; control theory ; mathematical programming ; method of multipliers ; Banach spaces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Two types of interpretations of multipliers in both static and dynamic optimization problems are described. It is snown that the Lagrange multipliers encountered in mathematical programming problems and the auxiliary functions arising in Pontryagintype optimal control problems sometimes have highly analogous interpretations as rates of change of the optimal attainable value of an objective function, or in some cases as bounds on average rates of change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935609
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