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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-03-14
    Description: Deutsche Bahn (DB) operates a large fleet of rolling stock (locomotives, wagons, and train sets) that must be combined into trains to perform rolling stock rotations. This train composition is a special characteristic of railway operations that distinguishes rolling stock rotation planning from the vehicle scheduling problems prevalent in other industries. DB models train compositions using hyperarcs. The resulting hypergraph models are ad-dressed using a novel coarse-to-fine method that implements a hierarchical column genera-tion over three levels of detail. This algorithm is the mathematical core of DB’s fleet em-ployment optimization (FEO) system for rolling stock rotation planning. FEO’s impact within DB’s planning departments has been revolutionary. DB has used it to support the company’s procurements of its newest high-speed passenger train fleet and its intermodal cargo locomotive fleet for cross-border operations. FEO is the key to successful tendering in regional transport and to construction site management in daily operations. DB’s plan-ning departments appreciate FEO’s high-quality results, ability to reoptimize (quickly), and ease of use. Both employees and customers benefit from the increased regularity of operations. DB attributes annual savings of 74 million euro, an annual reduction of 34,000 tons of CO2 emissions, and the elimination of 600 coupling operations in cross-border operations to the implementation of FEO.
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 101 (1979), S. 1076-1079 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 100 (1978), S. 6911-6916 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemical reviews 93 (1993), S. 2463-2486 
    ISSN: 1520-6890
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 51 (1979), S. 2041-2043 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Thermobia domestica ; Thysanura ; teashirt ; HOM-C ; Insect evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  During embryogenesis of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, the homeotic genes are required to specify proper cell fates along the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo. We cloned partial cDNAs of homologues of the Drosophila homeotic gene teashirt and five of the homeotic-complex (HOM-C) genes from the thysanuran insect, Thermobia domestica, and assayed their embryonic expression patterns. The HOM-C genes we examined were labial, Antennapedia, Ultrabithorax, abdominal-A and Abdominal-B. As the expression pattern of these HOM-C genes is largely conserved among insects and as Thermobia is a member of a phylogenetically basal order of insects, we were able to infer their ancestral expression patterns in insects. We compare the expression patterns of the Thermobia HOM-C genes with their expression in Drosophila and other insects and discuss the potential roles these genes may have played in insect evolution. Interestingly, the teashirt homologue shows greater variability between Thermobia and Drosophila than any of the HOM-C genes. In particular, teashirt is not expressed strongly in the Thermobia abdomen, unlike Drosophila teashirt. We propose that teashirt expression has expanded posteriorly in Drosophila and contributed to a homogenization of the Drosophila larval thorax and abdomen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words engrailed ; Thermobia domestica ; Oncopeltus fasciatus ; Dorsal ridge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Homologues of the Drosophila segment polarity gene engrailed have been cloned from many insect species, as well as other arthropods and non-arthropods. We have cloned partial cDNAs of two engrailed homologues, which we call engrailed-related genes, from the phylogenetically basal insect, Thermobia domestica (Order Thysanura) and possibly as many as four engrailed-related genes from the phylogenetically intermediate insect, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Order Hemiptera). Previous to our findings, only single engrailed-related homologues had been found in phylogenetically intermediate insect species (Tribolium and Schistocerca) and in the crustacean Artemia, while two engrailed-related homologues have been found in more derived orders (Hymenoptera and the engrailed and invected genes of lepidopterans and dipterans). Consequently, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of insect engrailed-related genes to determine whether insects ancestrally had one or two engrailed-related genes. We have found evidence of concerted evolution among engrailed-related paralogues, however, that masks the true phylogenetic history of these genes; the phylogeny may only be decipherable, therefore, by examining the presence or absence of engrailed-specific and invected-specific motifs, which will require cloning the full length cDNAs from more species. In addition, we examined the embryonic expression pattern of the two Thermobia engrailed-related genes; like Drosophila engrailed and invected, they are expressed in very similar patterns, but show one temporal difference in pregnathal segments that correlates with the tentative phylogenetic placement of the genes. Thermobia engrailed-related expression also confirms that the dorsal ridge is an ancient structure in insects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 4343-4359 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report ab initio calculations of the ground state energy for 404 new conformations of H3, supplementing the set of 368 conformations reported previously by others. The entire dataset has been used to constrain an analytical functional form for the potential energy surface, building on that of Truhlar and Horowitz. The new surface extends the Truhlar and Horowitz surface to higher energies and offers some modest improvement at lower energies. In addition, we have eliminated a problem with derivatives of the London equation that was pointed out by Johnson. The new surface matches the 772 ab initio energies with an overall root-mean-square (rms) error of 0.25 mhartree (i.e., 0.16 kcal/mol) and a maximum absolute deviation of 1.93 mhartree (1.21 kcal/mol); for "noncompact'' conformations (no interatomic distance smaller than 1.15 bohr), the rms error is 0.17 mhartree (0.11 kcal/mol) and the maximum absolute deviation is 1.10 mhartree (0.69 kcal/mol). The classical barrier height for H+H2→H2+H is estimated to be 15.20±0.15 mhartree (i.e., 9.54±0.09 kcal/mol).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1523-536X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  Background: In response to rising cesarean rates, it is reasonable for health care organizations to look to a managed care model as a means of controlling further rate increases. However, little conclusive evidence exists to support this solution. We undertook a study of the Department of Defense health care beneficiary population to assess the impact of enrollment in TRICARE Prime, the Department's managed care health plan, on cesarean delivery rates. Methods: Pooled hospital discharge records from 1999–2002 for live, singleton births were analyzed to calculate primary and repeat cesarean rates for TRICARE Prime and non-Prime beneficiaries in the military and civilian hospitals that comprise the Department of Defense health care network. Stepwise logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios for clinical indicators for each combination of health plan and hospital setting using theχ2difference(p 〈 0.05)to eliminate nonsignificant variables from the model. Total primary and repeat cesarean rates were compared with primary and repeat cesarean rates for women with no reported clinical complications to account for differences in case mix across subgroups. Statistical significance of the differences calculated for subgroups was assessed usingχ2. Results: Primary cesarean rates were significantly lower for TRICARE Prime enrollees relative to non-Prime beneficiaries for all race subgroups and three of five age subgroups in military hospitals and four of five age subgroups in civilian hospitals. No significant differences in repeat cesarean rates were observed between Prime and non-Prime beneficiaries within any race or age subgroup. Breech presentation followed by dystocia, fetal distress, and other complications were significant predictors for primary cesarean. Previous cesarean delivery was the leading predictor for repeat cesarean delivery. Primary and repeat cesarean rates observed for military hospitals were consistently lower than rates observed for civilian hospitals within each health plan type and age group. Conclusions: Enrollment in the managed care health plan was significantly associated with lower risk of primary cesarean delivery relative to membership in other health plans offered to Department of Defense health care beneficiaries. Repeat cesarean rates in this population varied independently of health plan type. Primary cesarean delivery was generally associated with clinical complications, whereas previous cesarean delivery was the strongest indictor for a repeat cesarean delivery. A clear explanation of reduced cesarean rates for Prime enrollees remains elusive, but it is likely that factors beyond individual practitioner decision-making were at work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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