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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Phenylketonuria ; Selective ; sustained attention ; Impaired frontal lobe functions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty normally intelligent children with early treated phenylketonuria (PKU) (IQ: mean=101.4, SD=10.0; age: mean=10 years 11 months, SD=1.3 years) and 20 healthy controls, matched for age, sex and IQ, were assessed for their selective (Stroop Task) and sustained attention (Test-d-2). Using positron emission tomography an activation of the frontal lobe during the Stroop task had previously been demonstrated. In addition to the Stroop Task and the Test-d-2, a short-term memory test as a “non-frontal-lobe-function-task” was administered to all subjects. Group comparisons demonstrated that PKU children had specific deficits in selective and sustained attention, which were significantly correlated with the concurrent serum phenylalanine concentration. Conclusion The results give evidence that even dietary treated children with PKU were suffering from impaired attentional control mechanisms in spite of a normal IQ. The deficits might be the result of impaired frontal lobe functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Phenylketonuria ; l-dopa therapy ; Neuropsychological tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight adult, untreated patients with classical phenylketonuria received L-dopa and a decarboxylase inhibitor for 2 weeks. No effect of l-dopa therapy on choice reaction time tasks, sustained attention, frontal lobal function as well as latencies of visual evoked potentials was found. The results raise the question if adult patients with phenylketonuria really suffer from functional dopamine deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Phenylketonuria ; Non-PKU HPA ; intellectual and neurological outcome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The intellectual, neurological, and neuropsychological outcome of patients with non-phenylketonuric-hyperphenylalaninaemia (PKU-HPA) (serum phenylalanine levels under free diet 〈 600 μmol/l) has not been systematically studied so far. We therefore tested 28 patients (mean age = 21.8, SD = 4.2 years) for IQ (WAIS-R/WISC-R), school performance, job career, clinical neurological examination, fine motor performance (motor performance task), and selective and sustained attention (stroop task, Dot Pattern Exercise from the Sonneville visual attention task). In addition, cranial MRI (1.5 T unit) was obtained in 10 of these patients. Clinical-neurological examination revealed no significant abnormalities in the non-PKU-HPA patients. They also had a normal IQ (mean = 101.9, SD = 13.6). Compared to their healthy siblings, they attended a normal school and had a normal job career. The motor performance task revealed no deficits in fine motor abilities. The patients performed normally in the stroop task and the dot pattern exercise. Their MRIs were normal. Our results indicate that patients with non-PKU-HPA are not at risk for developing intellectual, neurological, and neuropsychological impairment, as described for patients with treated mild or classical phenylketonuria. From this point of view a dietary treatment is not necessary in patients with hyperphenylalaninaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Carbohydrate Research 254 (1994), S. 183-194 
    ISSN: 0008-6215
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Totally implantable venous access systems are widely used, but large-scale studies evaluating these systems are lacking. In this study 1500 patients (719 male, 781 female) with an average age of 49 years (15–86 years) were fitted with subcutaneously implanted venous access systems, in most cases for long-term chemotherapy. All patients were observed until removal of the system, death, or the end of treatment. A retrospective analysis showed an average catheter life of 284 patient-days. A total of 1308 (87%) of the patients had no implant-related complications. Catheter infections occurred in 3.2% of the patients and catheter thromboses in 2.5%. Rarer complications, such as catheter malfunction, migration of the catheter, skin necrosis, catheter fracture, catheter disconnection, and pneumothorax, occurred in another 4.3% of the patients. The complications led to explantation of 178 access systems (11.9%). There was a significant difference ( p 〈 0.05) between the low rate of infections and other complications in the group of patients with solid tumors (2% and 4%, respectively) and the rate in patients with hematologic diseases (6% and 8%, respectively). This study confirms the safety and convenience of using totally implantable venous access systems in patients on long-term chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 94 (1999), S. 152-158 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: Key words Fura-2 – atrium – force-frequency relationship – calcium – human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study invesitgates the effect of stimulation frequency and external Ca2+-concentration on intracellular systolic and diastolic Ca2+ as well as on the force-frequency relationship (FFR, 0.5 to 3.0 Hz, 1.0 mmol/l extracellular Ca2+) in human myocardium using fura-2 AM loaded electrically stimulated right atrial muscle strips (coronary bypass surgery, n = 15, age: 60.0 ± 1.9 years). The FFR was positive (3.0 vs. 0.5 Hz: 184 ± 43 % of basal value) and linked to an increase in peak systolic (R340/380 sys, 119 ± 7 %) as well as diastolic Ca2+ (R340/380ED, Δ fura-2 ratio +0.20 ± 0.02). After elevating the extracellular Ca2+ concentration from 1.0 to 2.4 mmol/l, force of contraction (FOC) increased from 0.5 up to 1.0 Hz (128 ± 8 %) and declined after further augmentation of stimulation frequency (3.0 Hz: 87 ± 15 %). However, this decrease in FOC was accompanied by an increase in diastolic Ca2+ (Δ fura-2 ratio +0.45 ± 0.08), while systolic Ca2+ declined at high stimulation frequencies. In conclusion, the frequency-dependent force generation is accompanied by an increase in both systolic and diastolic Ca2+ levels. Thus, especially at high stimulation frequencies the Ca2+-lowering mechanisms may become crucial and may be responsible for the blunted force-frequency relationship in failing human myocardium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Peniskarzinom ; Lymphadenektomie ; Chemotherapie ; Strahlentherapie ; Key words Squamous cell carcinoma ; Penis ; Lymph-node dissection ; Chemotherapy ; Radiation therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Since squamous cell carinoma of the penis is rare, prospective trials do not exist. Therefore, new treatment strategies have to be developed. Based on our experience with the treatment of 22 patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma, we describe our therapeutic approaches. Ten patients with superficial disease (T1-2N0M0) were treated with partial penectomy. The 3-year survival rate amounted to 90 %. In patients with extensive disease (T3-4 or N1-3) a partial or total penectomy was performed. After initial antibiotic therapy for 4 weeks, patients underwent inguinal lymph-node dissection and if the nodes were positive, additional pelvic lymph-node dissection. In patients with ulcerous inguinal lymph-node metastases surgical resection was performed, covering the wound with a musculocutaneous flap (tensor fascia lata flap n = 2; rectus abdominis flap n = 1). The 3-year survival rate of patients with T1-2N1 tumours (n = 4) was 67 % and with T3-4N1-3 (n = 8) 25 %. Patients with distant metastases received inductive systemic chemotherapy with cisplatin, methotrexate and bleomycin. Objective responses occurred in 22 % (1 CR, 1 PR) of 9 patients. These results suggest that immediate radical surgery with lymph-node dissection is the best treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Aufgrund des seltenen Auftretens des Peniskarzinoms existieren keine prospektiven Untersuchungen zur Therapieoptimierung. Deshalb stellen sich Fragen nach einer Verbesserung der operativen Therapie des lokal fortgeschrittenen Karzinoms und einer Behandlung bei Systemerkrankung. Auf der Basis unserer Erfahrungen in der Behandlung von 22 Patienten mit Peniskarzinom haben wir folgende Therapiekonzepte entwickelt. Im klinisch begrenzten Stadium (T1-2N0M0) erfolgte die Teilamputation des Penis bei 10 Patienten. Die Dreijahresüberlebensrate betrug 90 %. Bei lokal fortgeschrittener Erkrankung (T3–4 oder N1–3) wurde zunächst die Entfernung des Primärtumors durch eine Teilamputation oder Penektomie durchgeführt. Nach 4 wöchiger antibiotischer Vorbehandlung erfolgte die inguinale Lymphadenektomie beidseits, die bei positiven Lymphknoten auf eine pelvine Lymphadenektomie ausgedehnt wurde. Bei Ulzeration der Haut erfolgte die En-bloc-Entfernung mit Schwenklappenplastik [Fascia tensor lata (n = 2) oder Rectuslappenplastik (n = 1) ]. Die Dreijahresüberlebensrate betrug im Tumorstadium T1–2N1M0 (n = 4) 67 % und im Tumorstadium T3–4N1–3M0 (n = 8) nur 25 %. Bei systemischem Tumorprogreß erfolgt eine induktive Polychemotherapie mit Cisplatin, Bleomycin und Methotrexat. Wir erzielten bei 9 Patienten eine objektive Ansprechrate von 22 % (1 CR, 1 PR). Nach unseren Ergebnissen bietet nur die radikale Operation in niedrigen Tumorstadien unter Resektion der inguinalen Lymphknoten die Chance auf eine Heilung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Keywords: Bile duct injury – Laparoscopic cholecystectomy – Jejunal conduit. ; Schlüsselwörter: Gallengangverletzung – laparoskopische Cholecystektomie – Jejunuminterponat.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Im Krankheitsverlauf von Patienten mit schweren Gallengangverletzungen im Rahmen einer laparoskopischen Cholecystektomie werden oft sekundäre Komplikationen beobachtet. Berichtet wird über eine Patientin mit langem Krankheitsverlauf nach intraoperativer Gallengangverletzung und anschließender Rekonstruktion durch End-zu-End-Anastomose über einer T-Drainage. Mehr als 5 Jahre nach wiederholten endoskopischen Gallenwegdilatationen und mehrfachen Einlagen von Stents wurde zuletzt ein selbstexpandierender Metallgitterstent eingesetzt. Die Symptomatik mit rezidivierenden Cholestasen und Cholangitiden wurde nicht beherrscht. Bei der erneuten Operation wurde jetzt der stenttragende D. choledochus reseziert, die Gallenwegrekonstruktion erfolgte durch ein isoperistaltisches Jejunuminterponat. Mehr als 24 Monate später ist die Patientin beschwerdefrei und arbeitet wieder.
    Notes: Abstract. The follow-up of patients with severe bile duct lesions after laparoscopic cholecystectomy often shows secondary complications. We report on a female patient suffering from long-lasting complications after bile duct injury and early reconstruction by end-to-end anastomosis via a T-tube drainage. More than 5 years later and after multiple dilatation and stenting of the bile duct stenosis the patient was treated with an expanding metal stent. The severe cholangitis persisted. So the patient was operated on: bile duct and connected stent were resected. The reconstruction was performed with an isoperistaltic jejunal conduit. More than 24 months later the patient is healthy and at work again.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 40 (2000), S. 371-387 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Internettechnologie ; World Wide Web (WWW) ; RIS ; PACS ; Bild- und Befundverteilung ; Videokonferenz ; Key words Internet technology ; World Wide Web (WWW) ; RIS ; PACS ; Image and report distribution ; Video conference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Problem: To provide an overview and to assess the clinical feasibility of internet technology-based systems for hospital-wide image and report distribution as well as for video conferencing. Methods: The paper describes the theoretical concept behind, the various technical approaches and the experience gained from different systems. Results: Image and report distribution: Advantages include the universal availability of images and reports inside and outside hospitals; ease of use; security features; image and report integration; cost savings by reducing support and training efforts and by optimising available hardware. The main critical issues are performance and workflow integration with RIS and PACS. Video conferencing: main advantages are the standardised, software-based approach and the low investments for hard- and software. De- pending on the desired usage the communication performance can be seen as inap- propriate. Conclusion: Today, internet technology-based systems appear to satisfy the main clinical needs in radiology. The mentioned drawbacks could be eliminated by means of modified software implementation and focused standardisation efforts. Considering the numerous advantages of these systems a further distribution can be expected for the future.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Darstellung des Entwicklungsstandes und der klinischen Eignung von Lösungen mittels Internettechnologie für die Bild- und Befundverteilung und für Videokonferenzanwendungen. Methodik: Die theoretischen Konzepte, technischen Umsetzungen und Erfahrungen werden anhand bisher entwickelter Produkte erläutert und diskutiert. Ergebnisse: Bild- und Befundverteilung: Vorteile sind eine universelle Verfügbarkeit der Daten inner- und außerhalb eines Klinikums, einfache Bedienung, Sicherheitseigenschaften, Integration von Bild und Befund sowie Kosteneinsparungen durch Optimierung des Einsatzes vorhandener Hardware und verminderten Aufwand bei Systempflege und Mitarbeiterschulung. Hauptprobleme liegen in der Zugriffsgeschwindigkeit und der aufwendigen Integration mit RIS und PACS. Videokonferenz: Von Vorteil sind der standardisierte, softwarebasierte Ansatz und die geringen Investitionskosten für Hard- und Software. Für einzelne Anwendungen ist die Übertragungsgeschwindigkeit unzureichend. Schlussfolgerungen: Internettechnologie-basierte Systeme erscheinen geeignet um den klinischen Anforderungen der Radiologie zu genügen. Die genannten Einschränkungen ließen sich durch eine modifizierte Softwareentwicklung und eine gezielte Standardisierung beheben, so dass angesichts der Vorteile eine weitere Verbreitung dieser Systeme in Zukunft zu erwarten ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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