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Comparison of radioreceptor assay and radioimmunoassay for atropine: Pharmacokinetic application (1984)

Aaltonen, L. ; Kanto, J. ; Iisalo, E. ; [et al.]

Springer

European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 613-617

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ISSN: 1432-1041

Keywords: atropine ; radioreceptor assay ; radioimmunoassay ; serum levels ; pharmacokinetics ; assay comparison

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: Summary A membrane suspension prepared from rat brain was able to bind the potent muscarinic antagonist quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB). The KD for binding was 0.48 nM and Bmax was 1.42 pmol/mg protein. Atropine competitively inhibited the binding of tritiated QNB to muscarinic receptors. This new radioreceptor assay (RRA) for atropine has been compared with a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for atropine. The RRA measures only the active component of atropine, 1-hyscyamine and in this respect it differs from the RIA. As little atropine as 1.25 ng/ml (4.33 nmol/l) in a 25 µl serum sample could be reliably assayed by the RRA. Using both assay techniques the pharmacokinetics of atropine was studied after a single 0.02 mg/kg i.v. dose given to 8 anaesthetized patients. The half-life calculated by the RRA was 3.7±2.3 h (m ± SD) and by the RIA 4.3±1.7 h. Both the volume of distribution and the total clearance were higher according to the RRA than the RIA: 3.9±1.5 vs 1.7±0.71/kg and 15.4±10.3 vs 5.9±3.6 ml/min/kg, respectively. The AUC measured by the RRA and RIA was 29.8±18.9 and 103.9±110.7 µg·h/l, respectively. The differences in the pharmacokinetics according to the 2 methods are presumably due to preferential tissue uptake of the l-form.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00543495

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Low-dose bupivacaine: a comparison of hypobaric and near isobaric solutions for arthroscopic surgery of the knee (1999)

Kuusniemi, K. S. ; Pihlajamäki, K. K. ; Pitkänen, M. T. ; [et al.]

Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd

Anaesthesia 54 (1999), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2044

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: The results of studies on the effect of volume, concentration or total dose of local anaesthetic on the spread of spinal anaesthesia are inconclusive. Most support the assumption that the total dosage is more important than the volume. We compared low-dose bupivacaine (6 mg) in 0.5% and 0.18% solutions as sole anaesthetic to achieve predominantly unilateral spinal anaesthesia for knee arthroscopy. Sixty patients were randomly allocated to two groups to receive either 1.2 ml 0.5% bupivacaine (6 mg) (n = 30) or 3.4 ml 0.18% hypobaric bupivacaine (6.1 mg) (n = 30). Drugs were administered at the L3–4 interspace with the patient in the lateral position. Patients remained in this position for 20 min before being turned supine for the operation. Spinal block was assessed by pinprick and modified Bromage scale and compared between the operated and nonoperated sides. No significant changes were found in the spread or duration of sensory or motor block (p 〉 0.05). The haemodynamic changes were also similar between the groups. The same pinprick level of analgesia, degree of motor block and duration of spinal anaesthesia was obtained with bupivacaine (6 mg) in low (1.2 ml) or high (3.4 ml) volumes.