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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of silent RNA editing sites in atp6 transcripts of Sorghum bicolor (1995)
    Springer
    Current genetics 27 (1995), S. 555-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: atp6 ; Silent RNA editing ; Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have observed numerous examples of silent or rare non-silent editing sites in the amino-extension and part of the conserved core of mitochondrial atp6 transcripts of Sorghum. In this region of the 1.4-kb atp6-2 mRNA (position 300 to 550) two editing sites, which alter the aminoacid sequence and occur in all cDNAs analysed, were already known, while nine others were found which are silent or occur in a few mRNAs only. Many aspects of RNA editing in the mitochondria of higher plants are still unknown. This includes the influence of genomic background or silent RNA editing. We were interested in the influence of nuclear and mitochondrial backgrounds on RNA editing. Previous preliminary results indicated the possibility of line-specific editing at silent sites. However, a more comprehensive approach gave no consistent evidence for such editing. These results are discussed with respect to their potential impact on the evolution of mitochondrial genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314447
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorghum mitochondrial orf25 and a related chimeric configuration of a male-sterile cytoplasm (1996)
    Springer
    Current genetics 29 (1996), S. 265-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words  Sorghum ; Mitochondrial DNA ; orf25 ; Cytoplasmic male sterility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   We describe fundamental characteristics of sorghum mitochondrial orf25, urf209, and a related chimeric configuration, orf265/130, which is restricted to the IS1112C source of cytoplasmic male sterility in sorghum. Transcripts of urf209 are edited at ten nucleotides, resulting in nine amino-acid changes predicted from genomic sequences. The cDNA-predicted polypeptide product is 23.6 kDa, while Western blot analyses identify a product of 20 kDa. Transcription of urf209 is characterized by one or two transcripts, dependent on nuclear background, but this difference is not related to male fertility status. The orf265/130 chimeric region includes 288 bp 95% identical to sequences 5′ to maize T-cytoplasm T-urf13 and atp6, which includes a common transcription initiation site, and terminates with a recombinational event involving urf209. The urf209 similarity extends 189 bp, followed by sequences duplicated 5′ to sorghum atp6-2. Sequences immediately 3′ to the atp6-2 similarity include a second in-frame start codon, defining orf130. Structural features 5′ to orf130 are shared with motifs found 5′ to several translated mitochondrial open reading frames. The orf265/orf130 configuration is uniquely transcribed, and transcripts of orf130 exhibit one silent RNA editing event. Transcription in somatic cells is not altered by male fertility status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050045
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcriptional initiation sites in sorghum mitochondrial DNA indicate conserved and variable features (1997)
    Springer
    Current genetics 32 (1997), S. 287-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Sorghum ; Mitochondria ; Transcription promoters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transcriptional initiation and processing was examined for three sorghum mitochondrial DNA genes (atp6-1, atp6-2, urf209) and two open reading frames (orf265/130, orf107) to characterize sequences associated with initiation and other transcriptional strategies for this species. The 5′ termini of ten transcripts were determined by primer extension, and mtRNA was capped with guanylyl transferase and annealed to anti-sense riboprobes to identify transcriptional initiation regions. Eight transcript termini were suitable substrates for guanylyl transferase, indicating the presence of one (atp6-1, atp6-2, urf209), two (orf265/130), or three (orf107) promoters for the five examples. The majority of the putative promoters were associated with single primer-extension termini, while two examples exhibited two transcript-initiation sites within the promoter. Four examples were characterized by initiated transcripts without subsequent processing, indicating that processing is not obligatory. Each of the putative promoter regions included significant A/T-rich 5′ regions, consistent with previous examples, but four exceptions to a consensus core YRTA sequence were identified. The anomalies (AATA, CTTA) suggest plasticity in the primary structure of the core region of higher-plant mitochondrial DNA promoters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050279
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of mitochondrial RNA editing and nucleolytic processing in the restoration of male fertility in sorghum (1998)
    Springer
    Current genetics 33 (1998), S. 429-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Sorghum ; Male sterility ; RNA editing efficieny ; Fertility restoration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nucleolytic processing of transcripts within mitochondrial orf107, associated with male sterility in sorghum, is regulated by the fertility restoration gene Rf3, conferring 75% cleavage of whole-length transcripts. Two transcript editing sites are 81% and 61% edited in rf3rf3 lines, while these sites are 41% and 10% edited in the remaining whole-length transcripts in an Rf3Rf3 line. RNA editing and processing efficiency in F1 progeny were similar to the Rf3Rf3 parent, and analyses of backcross progeny indicated that all rf3rf3 lines were characterized by high editing efficiency. We postulate that highly edited transcripts within the population are quickly processed in lines carrying Rf3, generating a residual population of poorly edited transcripts. Thus, action of Rf3 may have no direct affect on RNA editing, and may be dependent on a substrate of highly edited transcripts. These data indicate a potentially novel role of RNA editing in gene expression through an influence on the efficiency of transcript processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050356
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic Male Sterility and Maternal Inheritance of Disease Susceptibility in Maize (1989)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 27 (1989), S. 483-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.27.090189.002411
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA editing of sorghum mitochondrial atp6 transcripts changes 15 amino acids and generates a carboxy-terminus identical to yeast (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 417-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Sorghum mitochondria ; atp6 ; Transcript editing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Sequencing of sorghum mitochondrial atp6 cDNA clones revealed 19 C-to-U transcript editing events within a 756 bp-conserved core gene; three were silent and 16 resulted in 15 amino acid changes. Only one edit, which was silent, was found in the 381 bp amino-extension to the core gene. Eleven of the 15 changed amino acids were identical with or else represented conservative changes compared to yeast atp6. Editing of a CAA codon to TAA truncates to carboxy-terminus to a position identical to that of yeast. The frequency of editing at sites which change amino acids was very high in contrast to partial editing at silent, third base, sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317071
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial DNA duplication/deletion events and polymorphism of the C group of male sterile maize cytoplasms (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1987), S. 646-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Five accessions of members of the C group of male sterile maize cytoplasms (BB, C, ES, PR, and RB) in two nuclear backgrounds (A619 and A632) were examined to elucidate the nature of mitochondrial genome diversity within a related group of cytoplasms. Cosmid and plasmid clones carrying single copy and recombinationally active sequences from N and S cytoplasms of maize were used as probes. Although restriction patterns are quite similar, each of the five could be discriminated by evidence of sequence duplication and recombination, deletion of recombinationally active sequences of N, normal cytoplasm, population of mini-circular DNAs, and by restriction patterns. Each member of the group carried a 1,913 bp minicircular mtDNA, while all entries but RB carried a 1,445 bp minicircular mtDNA. Members of the C group clearly are not molecularly identical; evolution of the group included principal genome reorganization involving sequence duplication/deletion events, apparently independent of the cms trait.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260771
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of nuclear control of T-urf13/orf221 transcription in T cytoplasm maize (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 891-898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Nuclear ; mitochondrial interactions ; Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Maize ; Mitochondrial gene transcription
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mitochondrial gene T-urf13 in T cytoplasm maize is associated with sensitivity to disease toxins and with cytoplasmic male sterility. T-urf13 is co-transcribed with an open reading frame designated orf221. We have detected alterations in the transcription of the T-urf13/orf221 region that are affected by nuclear genotype. There are multiple mRNA transcripts generated from the T-urf13/orf221 region, one of which is a processed 1538-nucleotide (nt) transcript. This 1538-nt transcript is present in Wf9 (T), but was not found in mitochondrial RNAs (mtRNAs) from maize inbreds B14A (T) and 33-16 (T). For B14A (T) a 1500-nt transcript was detected and for 33-16 (T) a 1400-nt transcript was detected. In F1 progeny of the cross of Wf9 (T) x 33-16 (N), only the 1400-nt transcript was present. Genetic analyses revealed this processing event is nuclear controlled with dominant gene action and is independent of nuclear restorer gene Rf1-associated processing events. T-urf13/orf221 transcriptional patterns were shown to vary in both sterile and fertile states. Segregation analysis of a 1100-nt orf221-specific transcript indicated that the genetic basis of nuclear control for the presence of this transcript was relatively simple. Analysis of the A188 (T4) tissue culture mutant, which has reverted to male fertility but displays the same T-urf13/orf221 transcript pattern as A188 (T), indicated no DNA sequence differences between T4-orf221 and T-orf221. Presence of the nuclear gene Rf2 was not necessary for expression of the T4 cytoplasm-associated malefertile phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227401
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rearrangements in the mitochondrial genome of somatic hybrid cell lines of Pennisetum americanum (L.) K. Schum. + Panicum maximum Jacq. (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 74 (1987), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA ; Somatic hybridization ; Pennisetum ; Panicum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mitochondrial DNA from three somatic hybrid cell lines of Pennisetum americanum + Panicum maximum was compared with mitochondrial DNA of the parents. Gel electrophoresis of BamHI-restricted mitochondrial DNA indicated that extensive rearrangements had occurred in each of the three hybrid lines. The hybrid restriction patterns showed a combination of some bands from each parent plus novel fragments not present in either parent. Additional evidence for rearrangements was obtained by hybridization of eight DNA probes, carrying sequences of known coding regions, to Southern blots. Each of the somatic hybrids exhibited a partial combination of the parental mitochondrial genomes. These data suggest recombination or amplification of the mitochondrial genomes in the somatic hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290077
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large double-stranded RNA molecules in Phaseolus vulgaris L. are not associated with cytoplasmic male sterility (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Common bean ; Cryptic virus ; CMS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two large double-stranded RNA molecules, 15 and 16 kilobases, were detected in cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) Phaseolus vulgaris by agarose gel electrophoresis. A number of smaller RNA molecules were observed in ‘Sprite’, a maintainer line, and recurrent backcrossing of CMS P. vulgarisx‘Sprite’ resulted in a combined electrophoretic pattern of the two large and numerous small RNA molecules. The large RNA molecules were seed and pollen-transmissible, but were not transmitted by grafting. The RNAs were present in revertant and restored lines derived from CMS-Sprite and therefore were not associated with the cytoplasmic male sterile trait.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288832
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