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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial DNA variation and crossability of leek (Allium porrum) and its wild relatives from the Allium ampeloprasum complex (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 465-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Leek ; Allium ampeloprasum complex ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Domestication ; Interspecific hybridization ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Mitochondrial (mt) DNA variation in the cultigens leek, kurrat and prei-anak is limited compared to that of their wild relatives in the Allium ampeloprasum complex. The phylogenetic relationships among these cultigens and their wild relatives is quite close, with the majority of the species clustering within one mitochondrial clade. The presence in leek of an extra-mitochondrial genetic element was noted. Analysis of crossability showed that all species were interfertile with leek. It is suggested that the genetic variation present within the A. ampeloprasum complex could be exploited in order to broaden the genetic basis of leek.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050438
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific crosses between Tulipa gesneriana cultivars and wild Tulipa species: a survey (1991)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 4 (1991), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Tulipa ; Tulip ; Interspecific hybridization ; Incongruity ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Interspecific crosses were made between 76 Tulipa gesneriana cultivars and 28 botanical Tulipa species. Tulipa gesneriana proved fully congruent (all cross-combinations giving hybrid progeny) with members of the subsection Gesnerianae, was moderately affiliated (50% of all cross-combinations giving hybrid progeny) with representatives of the subsection Eichleres, and was found to be incongruent with most other Tulipa species (except T. stapfii of the subsection Oculussolis). Relationships between T. gesneriana and some representatives of the subsection Eichleres were addressed in more detail. Seeds were harvested in all cross-combinations, but the number of seeds depended on the T. gesneriana cultivar used as the female partner. Apparently, the maternal genotype did affect pre- or post-fertilization processes. T. gesneriana was not crossable with T. kaufmanniana of the subsection Spiranthera. In this specific case, however, a bridge cross was used to overcome incongruity. For this, T. kaufmanniana was first combined with T. greigii, and the hybrid was subsequently crossed with T. gesneriana. These results demonstrate possibilities for interspecific cross-combinations in tulips and have offered opportunities for the introduction of desired new traits in the cultivated tulip.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194563
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cultivation conditions on the production of heterologous α- galactosidase by Kluyveromyces lactis (1995)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 43 (1995), S. 58-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Growth conditions relevant for the large-scale production of heterologous proteins with yeasts were studied on a laboratory scale. A strain of Kluyveromyces lactis, containing 15 copies of an expression cassette encoding guar α-galactosidase integrated into its ribosomal DNA, was used as a model. By using urea as a nitrogen source, it was possible to produce active extracellular α-galactosidase in shake-flask cultures grown on a defined mineral medium. Inclusion of urea instead of ammonium sulphate prevented unwanted acidification of cultures. With urea-containing mineral medium, enzyme production in shake flasks was comparable to that in complex media containing peptone. In contrast, the presence of peptone was required to achieve high productivity in chemostat cultures. The low productivity in chemostat cultures growing on mineral media was not due to loss of the expression cassette, since addition of peptone to such cultures resulted in an immediate high rate of α-galactosidase production. The discrepancy between the behaviour of shake-flask and chemostat cultures during growth on mineral medium illustrates the necessity of physiological studies for the scaling-up of heterologous protein production from laboratory to production scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050370
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cultivation conditions on the production of heterologous α-galactosidase by Kluyveromyces lactis (1995)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 43 (1995), S. 58-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Growth conditions relevant for the large-scale production of heterologous proteins with yeasts were studied on a laboratory scale. A strain of Kluyveromyces lactis, containing 15 copies of an expression cassette encoding guar α-galactosidase integrated into its ribosomal DNA, was used as a model. By using urea as a nitrogen source, it was possible to produce active extracellular α-galactosidase in shake-flask cultures grown on a defined mineral medium. Inclusion of urea instead of ammonium sulphate prevented unwanted acidification of cultures. With urea-containing mineral medium, enzyme production in shake flasks was comparable to that in complex media containing peptone. In contrast, the presence of peptone was required to achieve high productivity in chemostat cultures. The low productivity in chemostat cultures growing on mineral media was not due to loss oft the expression cassette, since addition of peptone to such cultures resulted in an immediate high rate of α-galactosidase production. The discrepancy between the behaviour of shake-flask and chemostat cultures during growth on mineral medium illustrates the necessity of physiological studies for the scalling-up of heterologous protein production from laboratory to production scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170623
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollenfertility and seed formation in theOrnithogalum umbellatum/angustifolium complex (Liliaceae/Scilloideae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 149 (1985), S. 287-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Liliaceae ; Hyacinthaceae ; Scilloideae ; Ornithogalum ; O. umbellatum ; O. angustifolium ; Polyploid complex ; pollen shape ; pollen fertility ; seed formation ; seedlings ; weather circumstances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The pollen fertility and seed formation of six species of theOrnithogalum umbellatum/angustifolium complex and of seven related species were studied. Four types of pollen grains could be recognized. The pollen fertility varied greatly in this complex and is not related to the ploidy level. The seed formation ofO. umbellatum showed an adaptation to a subcontinental-Mediterranean climate, that ofO. angustifolium to an Atlantic climate. In both cases raindrops seem to be important for pollination, in view of the absence of insect pollinators. After open pollination 113 seedlings were obtained in four species. Their chromosome numbers were determined. Nearly all the cultivated seedlings were aneuploid, which points to a positive selection of euploids in nature, because aneuploid individuals are rare in the wild.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983312
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Species relationships and taxonomy inTulipa subg.Tulipa (Liliaceae) (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 195 (1995), S. 13-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Liliaceae ; Tulipa ; subg.Tulipa ; sects.Clusianae ; Kolpakowskianae ; Tulipanum ; Eichleres ; Tulipa ; Typification ; morphology ; numerical taxonomy ; chromosome banding ; biogeography ; nomenclature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Principal component and canonical variate analyses were used to analyse the variation of 34 morphological characters measured in 98 accessions ofTulipa subg.Tulipa, formerly known as sect.Leiostemones. In addition 43 accessions were analysed cytogenetically by means of C-banding methods. Based on the encountered variation and on geographical distribution data 30 species in five sections were recognized, of which the synonymy is stated. Seven new series in two different sections have been designated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982313
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crossing and selfing experiments in theOrnithogalum umbellatum/augustifolium complex (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 179-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Liliaceae ; Scilloideae ; Hyacinthaceae ; Ornithogalum ; O. umbellatum ; O. angustifolium ; Polyploid complex ; self-pollination ; bulbil vs. seed production ; crossing experiments ; fertility relationship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fertility relationships ofOrnithogalum umbellatum, O. angustifolium and 9 related taxa were studied.O. umbellatum andO. angustifolium, which are not interfertile, are both recognized as a comparium. Pollination of five species belonging to theO. umbellatum/angustifolium polyploid complex, i.e.O. umbellatum, O. angustifolium, O. baeticum, O. monticolum andO. algeriense, resulted in a moderate seed set. However, the seeds obtained after these interspecific crosses did not germinate. Six related species, i.e.O. exscapum, O. nivale, O. comosum, O. collinum, O. gussonei andO. woronowii showed a very low seed set after being crossed. One exception occurs:O. nivale ×O. exscapum. The seed set was also low after the complex species had been crossed with some related species, but there was one exception: both reciprocal crosses betweenO. monticolum andO. woronowii yielded some viable seeds. No other interspecific crosses gave rise to viable seeds. Bulbil-producing species have a lower seed set after self-pollination than species which do not produce bulbils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984194
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosystematic studies in European species ofGladiolus (Iridaceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 165 (1989), S. 189-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Iridaceae ; Gladiolus ; G. atroviolaceus ; G. communis ; G. illyricus ; G. imbricatus ; G. italicus ; Geography ; morphology ; multivariate analysis ; chromosome numbers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Representative specimens of the EuropeanGladiolus species (excl.G. palustris) were used to study variability and relationships. 25 characters were measured for cluster, principal component and Wells hybrid analyses (Figs. 1–3). Three (with PCA) respective five (cluster analysis) main groups are revealed. Bulb characteristics appear to be very useful for indentification. The subspecific status ofG. communis subsp.byzantinus is confirmed. Hybrids of four different parental combinations were detected in our collection. Most species include polyploid series. Partly 3x, 4x, 6x, 8x, 12x and aneuploid cytotypes but no diploids were found. Polyploids as pioneers and hybridization of sympatric species are apparently linked to migrations during the glacial periods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936001
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical morphological analysis of Lettuce cultivars and species (Lactuca sect.Lactuca, Asteraceae) (1994)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 193 (1994), S. 125-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Asteraceae ; Lactuca saligna ; L. sativa ; L. serriola ; L. virosa ; Morphological characteristics ; numerical taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract L. sativa L. cultivars were compared morphologically with accessions ofL. saligna L.,L. serriola L., andL. virosa L. in order to define the infra- and interspecific variation. Multivariate analysis (principal component analysis) distinguished four groups corresponding with the four species. Infraspecific variation (e.g., colour, leaf shape) withinL. sativa is the largest, because breeding has caused a large variation in vegetative features; infraspecific variation withinL. serriola is also large. Three plants of one accession were placed betweenL. sativa andL. serriola because they showed morphological characteristics of both species. They are still classified asL. sativa. The morphological differences betweenL. sativa andL. serriola are too large to consider these two as one species. The descent of the cultivar groups and the four species is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983546
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flower pigment composition in Tulipa (1993)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 40 (1993), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: anthocycanidins ; Eriostemones ; flavonoids ; Leiostemones ; principal component analysis ; Tulipa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Flower pigment compositions of 43 accessions of Tulipa species, 6 species hybrids and 494 tulip cultivars were analysed with respect to the amount of carotenoids, and the anthocyanidins pelargonidin, cyanidin and delphinidin. After principal component analysis, the different pigment compositions appeared to be correlated with flower color. Hybrids were not intermediate between the parents in all cases. The variation found in T. gesneriana extends that of the whole rest of the genus. The biosynthetic pathway as described in Petunia, Anthirrinum and other genera can also be postulated for the genus Tulipa, but additive effects of multiple genes may be assumed, since several levels of concentration were found. Flavonoid synthesis has biological relevance in view of co-evolution with insect pollinators and male sterility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00053464
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