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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The tropical Indo-Pacific moray eel Lycodontis nudivomer possesses a mucous skin secretion which shows hemolytic, toxic and hemagglutinating activities. The active components were extracted from the mucous secretion with 0.02 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) and purified by DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. The component(s) responsible for the hemolytic-toxic activities differ(s) from that (those) causing the hemagglutinating activity. The hemolysin was unstable in the presence of heat, acidic and alkaline media, and several organic solvents. It was undialyzable throught a cellophane membrane, and showed an absorption maxium at 280 nm in the phosphate buffer (pH 7.5). The hemolytic activity was completely lost when treated with trypsin, indicating that the hemolysin is a protein. Histochemical examination on the epidermis of L. nudivomer revealed the presence of clubbed peculiar cells, in addition to common mucous cells, which we speculate produced the hemolytic-toxic component(s). Eight other species of morays were found to possess clubbed peculiar cells similar to those of L. nudivomer in their epidermis. There are marked differences, however, in the abundance of these cells among these muraenids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 1 (1968), S. 216-225 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In an analysis of the stomach contents of 212 species of West Indian reef and inshore fishes, sponge remains were found in 21 species. In eleven of these, sponges comprised 6% or more of the stomach contents; it is assumed that these fishes feed intentionally on sponges. Sponges comprise over 95% of the food of angelfishes of the genus Holacanthus, over 70% of the food of species of the related genus Pomacanthus, and more than 85% of the food of the filefish, Cantherhines macrocerus. Lesser quantities of sponges are ingested by the remaining fish species. Fishes that feed on sponges belong to highly specialized teleost families, suggesting that this habit has evolved in geologically late time. The small number of fish species that concentrate on sponges as food suggests that the defensive characters of sponges—mineralized sclerites, noxious chemical substances, and tough fibrous components—are highly effective in discouraging predation. The two sponges most frequently eaten by fishes have a low percentage of siliceous spicules relative to organic matter, but among the 20 next most frequently consumed species no striking correlation occurs with respect to spicule content. Color and form of the sponge show no special correlation with frequency of occurrence in fish stomachs. Three species of fishes appear to concentrate on one species of sponge, but in these cases over 60% of the food taken consists of a variety of other organisms. Those fishes, more than half of whose diet consists of sponges, tend to sample a wide variety of species. No strong evidence is provided by our data that fish predation is a significant factor in limiting sponge distribution in the West Indian region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 66 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A comparative histological and histochemical study on the skin structure of six dragonet species, Synchiropus splendidus, Synchiropus picturatus, Synchiropus ocellatus, Repomucenus richardsonii, Callionymus decoratus and Callionymus risso showed that the epidermis of all species was rich in mucous cells (globlet cells), varying in distribution and elaboration among species. A second, distinctive, cell type, the sacciform cell, was also found in S. splendidus and S. picturatus. The secretions of these two cell types probably serve several functions, including those related to predation and the close contact that these species have with the substratum. The differences in type, elaboration and distribution of the cells suggested a pattern among the six callionymid species, in relation to habitat and body colouration differences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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