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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum ultraviolet circular dichroism of dermatan sulfate: iduronate ring geometry in solution and solid state (1986)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 108 (1986), S. 3790-3795 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00273a038
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paper Chromatography of Acidic Carbohydrates (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 185 (1960), S. 309-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] (a) Butanol l ethanol I water (3:1:1 by vol.; 100 ml.) plus cetylpyridinium chloride (3 gm.)- The RF values for some sugar sulphates in this solvent system are given in Table 1. The mixture obtained by the direct sulphation of glucose (with pyridine sulphur trioxide) was resolved into at least five ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/185309b0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age changes in the two-point discrimination threshold in skin innervated by the trigeminal nerve (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 1 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fifty young and fifty elderly subjects were tested by a two-point discrimination method. An aesthesiometer was applied to the facial skin in three different areas innervated exclusively by the ophthalmic, maxillary or mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. Two characteristic age differences were disclosed: (1) higher threshold values were found in older subjects, and (2) a greater range of variation in these values was present also among the older subjects. Wales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1974.tb00772.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SERUM GLYCOPROTEINS IN FIBROBLAST SPREADING ON GLASS (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 312 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb16834.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of grip and stick in cell adhesion through lateral relationships of membrane glycoproteins (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 267 (1977), S. 124-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Although cell adhesion to substrate must ultimately depend on ‘sticking’ by physical forces at the outer surface, we suggest that control is exercised through the ‘grip’ of the cytoskeleton. Our experiments indicate that grip can be relaxed by agents which release surface ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/267124a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myosin regulation and calcium transients in fibroblast shape change, attachment, and patching (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 13 (1989), S. 112-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoskeleton ; cell adhesion ; light chain phosphorylation ; immunofluorescence microscopy ; fluorescent indicators ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Following our study in Balb/c 3T3 cells and other cultured fibroblasts of the changes in myosin light chain phosphorylation associated with alterations in cell shape, attachment, and receptor patching, we have now determined the corresponding changes in cytoskeletal myosin distribution, and in the cellular calcium concentration, since this might, in part, mediate such responses.Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that myosin assembly into ordered forms such as actomyosin bundles and myosin sheath almost always correlated with previously shown high phosphorylation levels of myosin regulatory light chain, whereas diffuse distributions usually correlated with low or undetectable levels. An exception was observed in treatment to alter cellular cAMP levels when, in a biphasic response, assembly was correlated inversely with the phosphorylation states shown previously.Fluorescent indicators for intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca++]i, showed that myosin disassembly by trypsin or EGTA acting externally on the cells was preceded by a transient increase in [Ca++]i. For EGTA this was associated with transient recruitment of myosin into dorsal sheath structure as well as the transient enhancement of phosphorylation shown earlier. Blockage of EGTA-induced disassembly could be achieved by azide, which also caused an immediate increase in [Ca++]i and inhibited its subsequent decline. Trypsin-induced dephosphorylation did not appear to involve an eventual reduction of [Ca++]i. Therefore, in many but not all of the systems studied, correlated changes were observed in myosin assembly, [Ca++]i, and the myosin phosphorylation levels shown earlier.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970130206
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformation and intermolecular interactions of carbohydrate chains (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 259-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: conformational analysis ; polysaccharides ; cooperative interactions ; synergistic interactions ; cooperative cation binding ; spectroscopic techniques ; circular dichroism ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; optical rotation ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: For consideration of their conformations and interactions, carbohydrate chains can conveniently be divided into 3 classes on the basis of their covalent structure; namely periodic (a), interrupted periodic (b), and aperiodic (c) types. In aqueous solution carbohydrate chains often exist as highly disordered random coils. Under appropriate conditions, however, polysaccharides of types (a) and (b) can adopt a variety of ordered conformations. Physical methods, and in particular optical rotation, circular dichroism, and nuclear magnetic resonance, provide sensitive probes for the study of the mechanism and specificity of these disorder-order transitions in aqueous solution.Intermolecular interactions between such polysaccharide chains arise from co-operative associations of long structurally regular regions which adopt the ordered conformations. For acidic polysaccharides these cooperative associations may involve alignment of extended ribbons with cations sandwhiched between them. In other systems the interactions involve double belices which may then aggregate further, and geometric “matching” of different polysaccharide chains can also occur. These ordered, associated regions are generally terminated by deviations from structural regularity or by “kinks” which prevent complete aggregation of the molecules.The complex carbohydrate chains which occur at the periphery of animal cells have very different, aperiodic structures and although their conformations are as yet poorly understood, preliminary indications are considered.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060211
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sekundär- und Tertiärstruktur von Polysacchariden in Lösungen und in Gelen (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 89 (1977), S. 228-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Viele Polysaccharidketten können geordnete helicale und bandartige Sekundärstrukturen annehmen. Es scheint jedoch, daß die Ketten häufig so steif und gestreckt sind, daß kooperative Wechselwirkungen, die für die Stabilität in einer Lösungsmittelumgebung nötig sind, nur zustandekommen können, wenn intercatenare und intracatenare Wechselwirkungen begünstigt sind. Deshalb finden wir üblicherweise zwei- oder mehrsträngige Assoziationen von Helices oder Bändern oder von Helices mit Bändern. Diese Assoziationen können als Tertiärstruktur oder höhere Strukturen aufgefaßt werden. Für eine geordnete Sekundärstruktur ist eine sich regelmäßig wiederholende Aufeinanderfolge von Zuckerresten charakteristisch. Ein Abbruch dieser Sequenz durch Einbau eines andersartigen Zuckerrestes kann zugleich mit der Sekundärstruktur die Assoziationen beenden, an denen diese beteiligt ist. Die Assoziation zu Tertiärstrukturen bewirkt die Verknüpfung nativer Polysaccharide zu dreidimensionalen Netzwerken oder Gelen - dem Zustand, in dem die Polysaccharide in der Natur für die Aufrechterhaltung der Hydratation und des Zusammenhalts biologischer Gewebe sorgen. Bei einigen Polysacchariden sind Enzyme für die biologische Kontrolle der Netzwerkeigenschaften und der Netzwerktopologie verantwortlich. Diese Enzyme modifizieren Zuckerreste auf der Stufe des Polymers und ändern dadurch die Anordnung der „unterbrechenden“ Zuckerreste.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19770890406
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary and Tertiary Structure of Polysaccharides in Solutions and Gels (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (1977), S. 214-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Polysaccharides ; Gels ; Secondary structure ; Tertiary structure ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Many polysaccharide chains can adopt ordered helical and ribbon-like secondary structures. It seems however that these chains are often so stiff and extended that the cooperative interactions necessary for stability in the solvent environment can only be achieved when inter-chain as well as intra-chain interactions are favorable. Hence we commonly find two-or more-stranded associations of helices, of ribbons, or of helices with ribbons. These can be regarded as tertiary and higher levels of structure. The ordered secondary structure characteristically requires a regular repeating sequence of sugar residues, and the termination of this sequence by insertion of a residue of different type may also terminate the secondary structure and hence the association in which it is involved. This is the mechanism by which native polysaccharides may link up to form three dimensional networks, or gels, in which state they perform their natural roles in maintaining the hydration and integrity of biological tissues. For several polysaccharides there is evidence that the mechanism of biological control over the fine topology and properties of the gel network is mediated by enzymes which modify sugar residues at the polymer level to change the pattern of “interrupting” sugar residues.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197702141
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