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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 7 (1991), S. 2928-2933 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 29 (1951), S. 29-29 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 1266-1274 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A statistical mechanical theory is developed to demonstrate that the appropriate (natural and consistent) physical cluster (to be used in a molecular theory of the nucleation of drops in supersaturated vapor far from the critical temperature) is that introduced by Reiss, Katz, and Cohen as well as by Lee, Barker, and Abraham—modified to account for the effects of the surrounding vapor. This modification allows the constraining spherical shell centered on the cluster's center of mass to not be a constraint at all, but only a procedural device for organizing the derivation. Indeed, the shell can have variable volumes, natural to the system. The properties of the nucleus can then be established in a truly consistent molecular manner by Monte Carlo simulation. It appears as though the new development represents a very substantial advance in the molecular theory of vapor phase nucleation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 4849-4852 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The influence of hydrates formation on the energetics of nucleation has been reexamined. The distribution Nh of hydrates containing one acid molecule and h water molecules has been calculated as a function of the relative humidity and acid vapor concentration. A new formula giving the reversible work required to form a droplet has been derived. Hydrate formation can exert an appreciable effect on the energetics of nucleation in the H2SO4–H2O system and must be included in any theory of nucleation rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 1315-1328 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper provides a summary of some of the principal mathematical and theoretical tools for the analysis of experimental data accumulated in the course of the study of true gas phase chain polymerization, using nucleation and growth (in cloud chambers) of liquid monomer drops for detection. Included in the discussion are (1) a theory for the nucleation of supersaturated monomer vapors by single polymer molecules formed from the same monomer, (2) the development of the appropriate stochastics for the growth and transport of the polymers in a variety of experiments involving different configurations of space and time, (3) the development of mathematical methods for determining, from the data, rate constants and critical (for nucleation) polymer sizes, and (4) the development of methods for the extraction of mechanistic information from the noise (fluctuating rate) in the reaction involving only a small number of product molecules. All of these ideas are used in the treatment of experiments reported in the following and subsequent papers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 1329-1345 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Self-thermal initiated gas phase polymerization in styrene vapor is investigated employing the nucleation and growth of liquid monomer droplets (in supersaturated styrene vapor) for detection. The results show rather definitively that styrene does polymerize thermally, in the vapor phase, at temperatures as low as 250 K. The same is true for α-methylstyrene which is also studied (but not so thoroughly). Phenylacetylene retards the gas phase polymerization of styrene. Polymers with degree of polymerization in the range 9 to 24 are involved in this study. The degree of polymerization increases with temperature and bimolecular termination appears to be absent. The total concentration of growing radicals is of the order of 6×103 cm−3. Thermal initiation appears to have second order kinetics. The rate constant for propagation is the same in the gas as in the liquid. At 0 °C (where we easily observe the formation of polymers), 23 million years would be required to observe the disappearance of monomer by standard methods. This explains why gas phase polymerization of styrene has not been previously conclusively demonstrated, even at high temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 1875-1881 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Exact mathematical descriptions are obtained for the following process. Polymers are initiated and then propagated by a chain addition reaction in a convectionless medium in a cylindrical vessel. An external field (e.g., gravity) may be present, and the polymers may diffuse to the vessel walls where they are irreversibly lost. Both chain transfer and termination are absent, but the propagation constants, diffusion coefficients, and mobilities in the field depend arbitrarily on polymer size. Exact expressions are derived for the concentrations of polymers of each size, as functions of time and position. The results are important to the study of gas phase polymerization, but may have other applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 7925-7935 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Homogeneous nucleation and photochemical polymerization in supersaturated isoprene vapor were investigated using a diffusion cloud chamber. The mechanism of photoinitiation appears to involve the photolysis of a volatile product which results from the primary photodecomposition process. The photonucleation results from direct propagation as well as recombination of polymer molecules. At very low supersaturation ratio (e.g., 1.2), recombinative termination becomes the only possible way to achieve the tunable size required for the nucleation. A nonsteady state experiment allows us to resolve the nucleation spectrum into contributions due to polymers resulting from recombination and those due to direct propagation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 263 (1976), S. 193-209 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 4 (1958), S. 58-67 
    ISSN: 0022-3697
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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