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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. S124 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Ubiquinone ; ATP ; Heart failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pathophysiological basis for the use of metabolic therapy in the treatment of heart failure is analyzed. Bioenergetical processes related to ATP bioavailability play a central role in regulating myocardial contractility at rest and on effort. Furthermore, a significant correlation has been demonstrated in diseased heart between ATP content, revealed at endomyocardial biopsy, and systolic and diastolic left ventricular indexes evaluated with invasive and noninvasive methods. Several international investigations demonstrate the beneficial effects of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q10) in the treatment of heart failure. Here the results of a study are reported that was conducted on patients with heart failure treated with ubiquinone. After 7 months of oral drug administration (100 mg/day), a significant improvement was observed in echocardiographic indexes of systolic function, cardiothoracic ratio, and clinical signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. In conclusion, the introduction of metabolic drugs, such as ubiquinone, in the treatment of heart failure opens new horizons in the therapeutic approach to an ailment that entails substantial human and social costs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 18 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The actions of lidocaine on cardiac pacemaker rhythms were studied in anaesthetized dogs and in Purkinje fibres from hearts of the same animals.2. In vivo, lidocaine (1 mg/ kg, intravenously) slowed the sino-atrial (SA) node rhythm (– 5.0%), and (during vagal stimulation) prolonged ventricular standstill by + 25.1% and slowed the idioventricular rhythm (– 16.7%). A higher dose (4 mg/kg) had more pronounced effects.3. Propranolol also slowed sinus (– 26.2%) and idioventricular (– 27.2%) rhythms, and prolonged ventricular standstill (+ 36.8%). In the presence of propranolol, the effects of lidocaine on idioventricular rhythm were exaggerated.4. In Purkinje fibres driven in vitro, lidocaine (10 μmol/L) decreased contractile force (– 47.9%) and (during the interruption of drive) prolonged the suppression of (+ 53.2%) and slowed the escape rhythm (– 67.0%).5. In the presence of lidocaine the threshold potential was shifted to less negative values and diastolic depolarization slope was decreased (– 23.6%).6. Lidocaine slowed spontaneously active Purkinje fibres, abolished early afterdepolarizations in low [K]0 and slow responses in high [K]0 (by shifting the threshold to less negative values), and antagonized strophanthidin arrhythmias.7. TTX reduced the hyperpolarization by lidocaine in low [K]0 and vice versa.8. We conclude that lidocaine enhances vagally-induced ventricular standstill by depressing the idioventricular rhythm far more than the sinus rhythm, an action enhanced by beta-blockade. Furthermore, lidocaine depresses normal and different types of abnormal automaticity through direct and indirect effects of the blockade of the fast sodium channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  The association between coxib or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use with gastrointestinal symptoms and drug prescriptions in ambulatory elderly patients is not well defined.Aim:  To evaluate the association between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID and coxib use with gastrointestinal symptoms and therapies in elderly subjects managed by their general practitioner.Materials:  The study was carried out by 133 general practitioners in Italy. By using a structured interview, sex, age, physical function, current medications, new drug prescriptions and upper gastrointestinal symptoms were registered from all elderly subjects who were referred to their general practitioners during a 2-week period. The numbers of hospitalizations, gastrointestinal bleeding events and gastrointestinal diagnostic procedures occurring during the last 6-month period were recorded.Results:  Included in this study were 5515 elderly subjects. The overall prevalence of drug use was 92%. Musculo-skeletal drugs were taken by 15% of patients; NSAIDs were taken by 6%, and coxibs by 3% of patients. A significantly higher prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms was observed in elderly NSAID users compared with coxib users and non-users of musculo-skeletal drugs (44% vs. 33% vs. 32% respectively, P = 0.001). The prescriptions of drugs for acid-related disorders were significantly higher in patients who were concomitantly taking NSAID rather than coxibs (13% vs. 6%, P 〈 0.01). The prescriptions of drugs for acid-related disorders were significantly associated with the presence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.6–1.9), previous gastrointestinal disorders (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.0–1.3) and NSAID use (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0–2.2), but no coxib use.Conclusion:  In this elderly population, upper gastrointestinal symptoms and prescriptions for gastroenterological drugs were higher in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug users than coxib users and non-users of musculo-skeletal drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-7241
    Keywords: angiotensin converting enzyme ; quinapril ; left ventricular hypertrophy ; glomerular filtration rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Of 17 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, 8 showed echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy. Cardiac and renal function evaluated by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were studied in all patients before and after 20 weeks of quinapril treatment. Systolic pressure decreased from 174.7±16.7 to 131.7±7.7 mmHg (p〈.0001) and diastolic pressure decreased from 101.8±9.8 to 80±4.3 mmHg (p〈.0001). Left ventricular mass index decreased in the eight patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (p〈.01). Basal values of GFR were lower than normal in 41% of all patients; GFR increased significantly after 20 weeks of treatment (from 96.5±32.3 to 108.6±31.12 ml/min, p〈.01); it decreased in only one patient. Patients reported few adverse effects to quinapril, and no important clinical laboratory abnormality was observed. Quinapril not only lowered arterial pressure, but it had a distinct effect on regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and favorable effects on renal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Felodipine ER ; Hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: This double-blind, placebo-controled randomized study was designed to compare the antihypertensive effect and tolerability of extended-release felodipine and slow-release nifedipine retard in elderly hypertensive patients. Methods: Thirty patients of both sexes (mean age 71 years) with mild to moderate essential hypertension were recruited from our hypertension outpatient clinic. After a 2-week placebo period, felodipine extended-release (felodipine ER), 10 mg once daily, nifedipine slow-release retard (nifedipine SR), 20 mg twice daily or placebo were administered to each patient for 2 weeks according to a 3 × 3 latin-square design. At the end of each treatment period, the patients underwent 24-h noninvasive blood pressure monitoring. Results: All of the patients completed the trial and no serious adverse experience was reported. In comparison with placebo, felodipine and nifedipine decreased mean 24-h diastolic blood pressure by 6.7 and 4.3 mmHg, respectively, with no significant difference between the two drugs. Mean 24-h systolic blood pressure also decreased after felodipine and nifedipine, with no difference between the two drugs. Both drugs reduced blood pressure variability, lowering the 24-h mean standard deviation of mean hourly blood pressure values. The trough:peak ratio for felodipine was 80% for systolic and 75% for diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Felodipine ER once daily lowers blood pressure in elderly hypertensives and is as effective as nifedipine SR twice daily. The high trough:peak ratio suggests that the dose and the between-dose interval of felodipine provides adequate therapeutic coverage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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