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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Speciation of organotin and organoarsenic in water samples (1992)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 109 (1992), S. 61-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: speciation ; organotin ; organoarsenic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Determination of tributyltin concentrations in water at low levels (0.1–1 ppt) is possible with the hydride generation/gas chromatographic separation/atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. This technique can easily be adapted for the determination of arsenic and methylated arsenic species. Arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) can be separated by selective coprecipitation with dibenzyldithiocarbamate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01243211
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Speciation of arsenic compounds in urine by LC-ICP MS (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 12 (1998), S. 591-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: arsenic speciation ; LC-ICP-MS ; validation ; urine samples ; background levels ; The Netherlands ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The method validation for the speciation of five arsenic species in urine samples by liquid chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is described. Arsenic species which are identified and quantified in urine samples are the anions of arsenic(III), arsenic(V), monomethylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid, and the cationic arsenobetaine. Detection limits were obtained in the range 0.3-0.4 μg As l-1 while the repeatability was in the range 3-4% (RSD) for concentrations above five times the detection limit. Urine samples could be analysed directly after a ten-fold dilution step. Arsenic compound concentrations were determined in urine samples from a volunteer who consumed a portion of tuna fish high in arsenobetaine. It was found that arsenobetaine was excreted rapidly via the urine with maximum concentrations after 12 h. Nearly complete arsenobetaine excretion was reached after 48 h. Background levels of arsenic compounds were determined in 61 urine samples from non-exposed inhabitants of The Netherlands. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Working Methods Paper: Critical considerations with respect to the identification of tin species in the environment (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 8 (1994), S. 541-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Organotin ; identification ; mixed methylbutyl forms ; monophenyltin ; crosscomparison ; mis-interpretation ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Biogeochemical pathways of tin species in the environment are still controversial, e.g. with regard to methylation and transmethylation phenomena, owing to the fact that the identification of methylated tin-compounds is often difficult. The previous tentative identification of a mixed methylbutyltin compound in sediment and biological samples by GC/AAS after hydride generation gave an illustration of this problem. This compound was previously identified in sediments by other authors and also suspected to occur in a contaminated sediment sample from the Boyardville Marina, France. The retention time obtained by GC/AAS corresponded to the actual retention time of a mixed methylbutyltin calibrant. However, additional checks demonstrated that the compound detected was actually monophenyltin. This evidence was produced by a thorough analysis of a selected sediment sample by alternative techniques such as GC/AAS and GC/AES after pentylation, GC/FPD and GC/MS. The results presented highlight the need for a full identification of compounds to avoid mis-interpretation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590080607
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-Line speciation of mercury and methylmercury in aqueous samples by chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry after hydride generation (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 8 (1994), S. 571-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Organometallic speciation ; mercury ; methylmercury ; seawater ; hydride generation ; gas chromatography ; atomic fluorescence spectrometry ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the determination of picogram amounts of inorganic mercury(II) and methylmercury(II) compounds in seawater. These compounds are first volatilized from the water samples by reduction to mercury (Hg0) and formation of methylmercury hydride (CH3HgH) by means of a sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solution and cryogenically focused onto a chromatographic stationary phase. Both mercury compounds are eluted according their boiling points and are passed through a pyrolysis tube, at 900°C, before entering the atomic flurescence detector. Absolute detection limits (3σ) are 1 and 2 pg for, respectively, inorganic mercury and methylmercury. For seawater analysis, detection limits of 0.1-1.0 ng I-1 can be achieved.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590080705
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