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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 17 (1994), S. 171-178 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Unsteady surface pressure and heat transfer have been measured on a blade of a linear turbine cascade exposed to unsteady oncoming wakes generated by moving cylinders on a squirrel cage device. The Reynolds number and the Strouhal number corresponded to the values in a real turbomachine. The periodic components of pressure and heat transfer showed clear response to the unsteady wakes. However, the distribution along the blade surface of both pressure and heat transfer coefficient changed very little from phase to phase. The heat transfer results have shown that the boundary layer on the pressure side remained laminar for all cases, but that the boundary layers on the suction side became transitional under the wake disturbance. With increasing wake-passing frequency, the start of the transition moved forward. Increasing the wake-passing frequency resulted in a significant increase in heat transfer along the whole blade surface including the portions where the boundary layers were nominally laminar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 17 (1994), S. 45-58 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Extensive velocity measurements have been taken in a linear turbine cascade with unsteady oncoming wakes. The unsteady wakes were generated by moving cylinders on a squirrel cage device. The Reynolds number was 1.1 × 105, and the Strouhal number varied from o to 7.36. The blade-to-blade flow and the boundary layers on the suction side were measured with a hot-wire anemometer. The results were obtained in ensemble-averaged form so that periodic unsteady processes can be studied. Of particular interest was the transition of the boundary layer. The boundary layer remained laminar in the case without wakes. The passing wakes caused transition, and the beginning of transition moves forward as the wake-passing frequency increases. Unlike in the flat plate study of Liu and Rodi (1991a) the boundary layer state hardly changed with time, although the turbulence level in the boundary layer showed clear periodic response to the passing wakes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 3 (1970), S. 85-95 
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im hier vorgeschlagenen Turbulenzmodell wird die Reynoldsspannung, die in der Bewegungsgleichung auftritt, mit Hilfe der Beziehung $$\overline {u'\upsilon '} = - \sqrt k L(\partial U/\partial y)$$ berechnet. Die kinetische Energiek und der LÄngenma\stabL der Turbulenz werden durch Transport-differentialgleichungen für diese Grö\en bestimmt. Das Modell wird auf verschiedene Freistrahlen angewendet. Die empirischen Konstanten werden so geWählt, da\ die bestmögliche über-einstimmung zwischen Berechnungen und Versuchsergebnissen erzielt wird. Die ebene Mischungsschicht, der ebene Freistrahl und der Radialstrahl können mit dem gleichen Satz von Konstanten behandelt werden. Für den runden Strahl müssen dagegen andere Konstanten verwendet werden. Dies spricht dafür, da\ die sonst universellen Konstanten vom VerhÄltnis vonL zum Radiusr abhÄngen. Ein Vergleich von Rechen-ergebnissen und experimentellen Befunden über die Strahlausbreitung, die Profile vonU, k and $$\overline {u'\upsilon '} $$ sowie die turbulente Energiebilanz wird mitgeteilt. Die übereinstimmung ist im allgemeinen von der Güte der Versuchsgenauigkeit.
    Notes: Abstract A model of turbulence is investigated in which the Reynolds stress appearing in the momentum equation is calculated from the expression $$\overline {u'\upsilon '} = - \sqrt k L(\partial U/\partial y)$$ ; the kinetic energy, k, and the length scale,L, of turbulence are determined from differential transport equations for these quantities. These equations are solved for various free-jet situations, and the empirical constants involved are adjusted so as to give best agreement between predictions and experimental results. The plane mixing layer, the plane jet and the radial jet can be predicted with a single set of constants; for the round jet a different set has to be used. This suggests a dependence of the otherwise universal constants on the ratio ofL to the radiusr. Comparisons are presented of predicted and measured rates of spread, profiles forU, k and $$\overline {u'\upsilon '} $$ , and energy balances. For most cases the agreement is within the experimental accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 63 (2000), S. 5-6 
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 51 (1993), S. 417-421 
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Keywords: coherent structures ; 2D invariant structural measures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An experimental investigation (LDA technique) of coherent structures in the turbulent plane near wake behind a pair of square cylinders in side-by-side arrangement is presented with particular emphasis put on the use of 2D invariant structural measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 60 (1998), S. 123-124 
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 1 (1981), S. 225-235 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Turbulence ; Fluid Flow ; Mathematical Models ; Reynolds Stresses ; Channels Lateral Motion ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The solution for the stress transport turbulence model equations for the situation where the flow is unidirectional is now commonly applied to flows with weak secondary currents in closed ducts, open channels, and rod bundles in nuclear reactor channels. Here, perturbations to the unidirectional flow solutions are studied by solving the exact equations using an iterative procedure. Now the equations also contain the small lateral velocity gradients formerly neglected. The applicability as well as the limitation of the use of the unidirectional flow turbulence model for the description of channel flow with lateral motion are discussed. Modifications for weak lateral motion are suggested.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 28 (1998), S. 601-616 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: turbulence modeling ; CFD ; finite volume method ; vortex shedding ; two-layer approach ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents the results of numerical simulations of vortex shedding past a free-standing square cylinder at ReD=22 000, obtained with different turbulence models. Using wall functions, the standard k-ε model is compared with a modification suggested by Kato and Launder (Proc. 9th Symp. Turbulent Shear Flows, Kyoto, 10-4-1 (1993)). In addition, both versions are used in a two-layer approach, in which the flow close to the cylinder is computed with a locally more suitable one-equation turbulence model and only outside the viscous near-wall layer with the two mentioned high-Re model versions. To allow a comparison, the simulations are performed first using the same computational domain and boundary conditions as in previous investigations. Then results are presented that were obtained on a computational domain and with boundary conditions more suitable for a comparison with the experiments. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 14 (1992), S. 241-251 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Confined jet ; Recirculation ; κ-∊ model ; QUICK ; SOUCUP ; Inlet conditions ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The paper reports on a numerical study of turbulent confined jets in a conical duct with a 5° divergence. The flow has a large ratio of jet to ambient velocities at the entrance so that it gives rise to strong recirculation. The calculations are carried out with a general finite volume method designed for calculating incompressible elliptic flows with complex boundaries. Turbulence is simulated by the standard κ-∊ model. The sensitivity of the solution to numerical discretization errors is examined using three convection schemes, i.e. hybrid central/upwind differencing, QUICK and SOUCUP, on two grids consisting of 68 × 50 and 102 × 82 points respectively. An examination is also made of the influence of inlet boundary conditions on the predicted flow field. The computed results are compared with experimental data for mean axial velocity, turbulent shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy profiles. It is shown that the calculations reproduce the essential features of the flow observed in the experiments.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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