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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery (n=91), a single intravenous infusion of ceruletide (2.5 ng kg−’min−1’for 1 hour) resulted in audible bowel sounds in 42/47 patients as opposed to 30/44 receiving placebo (P 〈 0.025). Excessive bowel sounds were noted in 16 patients in the ceruletide group and four receiving placebo (P 〈 0.01). Significantly more patients (P 〈 0.01) in the ceruletide group (22/45 versus 9/44) passed flatus per rectum between the second and third post-operative day. Ceruletide infusion was accompanied by a significant increase in the incidence of nausea and vomiting (P 〈 0.005, P 〈 0.0025) but these side effects were short-lived. These results indicate that ceruletide is likely to be a useful therapeutic agent for acute intestinal adynamic motility disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La pression d'ouverture et le débit de bile à travers le sphincter d'Oddi ont été mesurés chaque jour chez 17 patients après cholécystectomie et exploration de la voie biliaire principale. Les variations de ces paramètres ont été corrélés avec la bilirubine sérique préopératoire, les résultats de la bactériologie, de la composition en lipides, et de la viscosité biliaire. La pression d'ouverture a baissé de 17.2±1.9 à 9.1±0.9 cm de bile (p〈0.01) au 7e jour postopératoire, traduisant une baisse réactionnelle “physiologique” après l'extraction lithiasique. La pression d'ouverture basse trouvée après le 6e jour postopératoire est bien en-dessous de la pression sécrétoire hépatique maximale, laissant supposer que la bile pourrait être déversée en permanence dans le duodénum après cholécystectomie. Le débit à travers le sphincter d'Oddi mesurée avec une tête de pression fixée à 30 cm de bile a augmenté de 23.9±3.9 à 40.0 ±6.1 ml pendant cette même période de temps (p〈0.01). On peut assurer que le dernier chiffre représente un débit maximal à travers le sphincter d'Oddi dans les circonstances physiologiques. Ces variations de débit ne pouvaient être expliqués par les changements de viscosité biliaire mesurés pendant cette période d'étude. L'augmentation de débit était significative seulement dans le groupe de patients non ictériques et corrélait positivement avec la concentration en phospholipides dans la bile. Il n'a pas été trouvé de différence significative dans les pressions d'ouverture, le débit et les concentrations biliaires en lipides entre les patients dont la bile était stérile et ceux chez qui les cultures biliaires étaient positives.
    Abstract: Resumen La presión de apertura y las tasas de flujo a través del esfínter de Oddi utilizando la propia bilis del paciente para purgar el sistema, fueron medidas en 17 pacientes después de colecistectomía y exploración del canal colédoco. Los cambios secuenciales en estos parámetros fueron correlacionados con los niveles preoperatorios de bilirrubina sérica, bacteriología biliar, composición de lípidos biliares, y viscosidad biliar. La presión de apertura descendió de un valor inicial de 17.2±1.9 a 9.1±0.9 cm de bilis (p〈0.01) en el séptimo día postoperatorio, lo cual es indicativo de una retención autolimitada después de la extracción de un cálculo. La reducida presión de apertura después del quinto al sexto día esta bien por debajo de la maxima presión secretoria hepática y sugiere que el flujo de bilis al duodeno puede ser continuo después de la colecistectomía. La tasa de flujo a través del esfínter media a una presión fija de 30 cm de bilis ascendió de 23.9±3.9 a 40.0±6.1 durante el mismo período (p〈0.01). Es presumbile que esto último representa el flujo máximo de bilis a través del esfínter de Oddi bajo condiciones fisiológicas. Tales cambios en el flujo no pueden ser explicados por alteraciones en la viscosidad biliar en el curso del período de estudio. El incremento en la tasa de flujo fue significativo solamente en el grupo de pacientes no ictéricos y aparecieron positivamente correlacionados con la concentración de fosfolípido en la bilis. No hubo diferencias significativas en las presiones de apertura, tasas de flujo, y concentraciones de lípido biliar entre los pacientes con bilis estéril y aquellos con cultivos de bilis positivos.
    Notes: Abstract The opening pressure and flow rates through the sphincter of Oddi using the patient's own bile to prime the system were measured daily in 17 patients after cholecystectomy and exploration of the common bile duct. The sequential changes in these parameters were correlated with preoperative serum bilirubin, bile bacteriology, biliary lipid composition, and bile viscosity. The opening pressure fell from an initial value of 17.2±1.9 to 9.1±0.9 cm bile (p〈0.01) on the seventh postoperative day, indicating a self-limiting hold-up following stone extraction. The low opening pressure after the fifth to sixth day is well below the maximal hepatic secretory pressure and suggests that the bile flow into the duodenum may be continuous after cholecystectomy. The flow rate through the sphincter measured at a fixed pressure head of 30 cm of bile increased from 23.9±3.9 to 40.0±6.1 ml during the same period (p〈0.01). Presumably, the latter represents the maximal flow rate of bile through the sphincter of Oddi under physiological conditions. These changes in flow could not be explained by alterations in the bile viscosity during the study period. The increase in flow rate was significant only in the nonjaundiced group and correlated positively with the phospholipid concentration in the bile. There were no significant differences in opening pressure, flow rates, and biliary lipid concentrations between patients with sterile bile and those with positive bile cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Inferior vena cava ; Venous conduit ; Transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A short right renal vein may reduce access or compromise optimal positioning during transplantation of the right cadaveric kidney. This difficulty could be overcome by using the inferior vena cava (IVC) as a venous conduit to lengthen the short right renal vein. This manoeuvre would also facilitate training by ensuring safe tension-free vascular anastomoses since the kidney can be lifted up a comfortable distance, thus improving exposure of the operative field. In a postal survey, only a third of UK renal transplant units utilised the IVC conduit. Despite 81.5 % of units claiming that they harvest the IVC during organ retrieval, a 2-year retrospective audit revealed that only 4.3 % of imported right kidneys had the IVC. The IVC remains a much under-utilised resource in the UK despite its potential benefit as a venous conduit in transplanting the right cadaveric kidney. We urge all retrieving surgeons to routinely harvest the IVC with right cadaveric kidneys during organ procurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 3712-3720 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal treatment of undoped and V2O5-doped Co3O4/TiO2 catalysts was studied in the temperature range, 330–600° C both in vacuum and in air. The wide difference in the catalytic behaviour of the two catalysts could be attributed to surface as well as bulk diffusion of the active cobalt oxide particles. Although in both cases the total Co3+ ions of various energy states were considered to be the active species for the given reaction, the distribution of various cobalt species, namely Co-t and Co-o, occupying tetrahedral and octahedral sites in the support-defective structure, seemed to be seriously affected by doping with V2O5. This dopant was supposed to have two-fold effect: part is incorporated into the surface Co3O4 crystallites leading to smaller more mobile particles, easily reducible and more dispersed, and another part diffuses a few atomic layers deeper in the support causing the redistribution of cobalt species. Upon heating, the increased mobility and the increased availability of the support tetrahedral sites may be responsible for the deactivation behaviour. The bulk diffusion enhanced by doping might cause some modification in the porosity characteristics of the titania support.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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