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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of T3 Mediated T-Cell Proliferation by Ca2+-Channel Blockers and Inhibitors of Ca2+/Phospholipid-Dependent Kinase (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 24 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The potential roles of Ca2+ ions in the response of T lymphocytes to stimulation with monoclonal antisera to the T3 antigen were investigated by means of pharmacological agents that predominantly inhibit the flux of C a2+ ions into cells (verapamil, nifedipine) or the activity of C a2+-dependent kinases (trifluoperazine, polymyxin B). As assessed by uptake of [3H]thymidine. proliferation induced with anti T3-recombinant IL-2 at 72 h was inhibited by 〉80% in the presence of nifedipine at 50 μM, and almost completely arrested (〉95% inhibition) with the other agents at the same concentration. Further quantitative assays of the effects of polymyxin B and trifluoperazine on C-kinase labelling of exogenous substrate showed a major reduction with both agents, but inhibition was substantially greater with polymyxin B that with trifluoperazine (IC50= 14 and 70 μM respectively). These results were confirmed by qualitative assessment of C a2+/phospholipid-dependent phosphorylation of endogenous substrates, which demonstrated major phosphoproteins of MW 56,000. 52.000, 43,000. and 20,000, and dose-dependent reduction in labelling in the presence of polymyxin B. Similar results were obtained under more physiological conditions in intact cells labelled with 32P orthophosphate. These findings indicate several possible roles for C a2+ in T cell activation, and several possible levels of activity, including modulation of calmodulin-dependent kinases and effects on C a2+/phospholipid-dependent kinases and C a2+ channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02095.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization by Monoclonal Antibodies of the Cytotoxic Effector Cells in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reactive against Anchorage-Dependent Tumour Cell Lines (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 18 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effector cells for spontaneous cytotoxicity against anchorage-dependent human or mouse tumour cell lines in a 72-h iododeoxyuridine-re lease assay by normal human peripheral blood cells (PBMNC) or monocyle-enriched fractions were analysed by the use of monoclonal antibodies. PBMNC or adherent or elutriated monocyte-enriched populations of PBMNC were depleted of monoclonal antibody-reactive cells by complement-dependent lysis or separated into monoclonal-antibody-positive or -negative subsets by an indirect rosetting technique followed by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient separation. The experimental data indicated that in both PBMNC and monocyte-enrichcd populations, an appreciable proportion of the effector cells with cytolytic activity against adherent human or mouse tumour target cells were positive with B73.1.1 (an antibody with a high degree of selectivity for natural killer (NK) cells), B43.4.1 (or OKM1) and with OKT1 la (an antibody recognizing the receptors lor sheep erythrocytes), and had the morphology of large granular cells, which have previously been shown to mediate NK activity. These effector cells were mostly negative for BRL 1, BRL.2. B52.1.1, B44.1.1, B13.4.1 and DR antigens, unlike classical monocytes. Some cells which are cytotoxic for the adherent mouse, SV-40-transformed kidney tumour line. TU-5. may bear BS2.I.1 or other monocyte-like antigens. Taken together, these results indicate that, in monocyte-enriched populations, both NK cells and monocytes have cytotoxic effector activity against various human and mouse adherent target cell lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00877.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous Cytotoxicity by Monocyte-Enriched Subpopulations of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells against Human or Mouse Anchorage-Dependent Tumour Cell Lines (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 18 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) were found to be cytotoxic for mouse or human anchorage-dependent target cell lines in a 48-72 h [125I)iododeoxyuridine (IUDR) release assay. Unfractionated, adherent or nonadherent cells had significant levels of cytotoxicity, as did cells fractionated according to size into ‘lymphocytes’ or ‘monocytes’ by elutriation. Intermediate size cells, not enriched for monocytes, had high levels of cytotoxicity. In all fractions tested, including adherent populations, some cells with the morphology of large granular cells were observed. Treatment of all fractions with interferon (IFLrA, a purified. recombinant α-IFN) boosted cytotoxicity against four target cells lines. Treatment with lymphokines containing putative‘macrophage-activating factor’(MAF) also enhanced cytotoxicity in fractions depleted of monocytes. Culture in fetal bovine serum enhanced cytotoxicity mainly in unfractionated and nonadherent PBMNC. These experiments indicated that N K-like cells can be appreciable contaminants in clutriator-purified monocyte-enriched or adherent cell populations and thereby contribute to observed cytotoxicity, particularly after pretreatment with IFN or other stimulatory factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00876.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human Blood Monocytes: Characterization of Negatively Selected Human Monocytes and Their Suspension Cell Culture Derivatives (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 14 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Normal human monocytes were negatively selected from leucapheresis cell suspensions by countercurrent centrifugation–elutriation in high yield with a mean purity of 93.5%. The combination of the novel methods of negative cell selection and suspension cell culture has provided the opportunity to study serially over several days the morphologic and functional changes of monocytes from a single donor as they matured in culture to typical macrophages. Human monocytes nearly double in size during the first week of culture, experiencing near daily increases in cell volume. This was associated with changes in the ultrastructure of these cells, including the development of numerous small knob-like projections on the cell membrane and the proliferation of microtubules and filamentous Structures within the cell cytoplasm during the first 6 days of culture. Peroxidase activity declined during the first 4 days of culture, whereas 5′-nucleotidase activity was acquired during the first 48 h of culture. Lysozyme activity in the cultures increased from day 2 to day 6 of culture. The phagocytic capacity of monocytes for IgG-coated erythrocytes increased dramatically during the first week of culture, but the cytotoxic capability of monocytes against similar targets in an antibody-dependent cytotoxicity assay declined to nearly hall of base-line levels by day 2 of culture and remained at this diminished level during subsequent days in culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1981.tb00561.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of cholesteryl ester synthesis in human monocyte-derived macrophages by low-density lipoproteins from Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients: the influence of non-enzymatic glycosylation of low-density lipoproteins (1987)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 30 (1987), S. 916-923 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; LDL metabolism ; glycosylated LDL ; cholesteryl ester synthesis ; human macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis. In this study we aimed to demonstrate whether there is an abnormal interaction between low-density lipoproteins from diabetic patients and human macrophages. We measured cholesteryl ester synthesis and cholesteryl ester accumulation in human monocytederived macrophages (obtained from non-diabetic donors) incubated with low density lipoproteins from Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients in good or fair glycaemic control. Low density lipoproteins from the diabetic patients stimulated more cholesteryl ester synthesis than low density lipoproteins from non-diabetic control subjects (7.19±1.19 vs 6.11±0.94 nmol/mg cell protein/20 h, mean±SEM, p〈0.05). The stimulation of cholesteryl ester synthesis by low density lipoproteins isolated from diabetic patients was paralleled by a significant increase in intracellular cholesteryl ester accumulation (p〈0.02). There were no significant differences in the lipid composition of low density lipoproteins between the diabetic and control groups. Non-enzymatic glycosylation of low density lipoproteins was higher in the diabetic group (p〈0.01) and correlated significantly with cholesteryl ester synthesis (r=0.58). Similarly, low-density lipoproteins obtained from non-diabetic subjects and glycosylated in vitro stimulated more cholesteryl ester synthesis in macrophages than control low density lipoproteins. The increase in cholesteryl ester synthesis and accumulation by cells exposed to low density lipoproteins from diabetic patients seems to be mediated by an increased uptake of these lipoproteins by macrophages. This study suggests that glycosylation of low density lipoproteins to the extent occurring in diabetes may alter their interaction with human monocyte-derived macrophages and may lead to increased intracellular cholesteryl ester accumulation. The results suggest a possible mechanism by which hyperglycaemia may contribute to the acceleration of atherosclerosis in diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295874
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