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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Prostaglandins 20 (1980), S. 481-485 
    ISSN: 0090-6980
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Prostaglandins 20 (1980), S. 487-492 
    ISSN: 0090-6980
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. In the course of a prospective study of 508 women with papillomavirus (HPV) lesions of the uterine cervix, 66 lesions that progressed into carcinoma in situ (CIS) were identified and treated by conization during a mean follow-up period of 35 months. The lesions were investigated with light microscopy and with in-situ DNA hybridization using 35S-labelled probes for HPV 6,11,16,18, 31 and 33. After radical cone treatment, 11 of the 66 women (16-7%) have presented with a recurrent HPV infection. The recurrence rate increased with the duration of the follow-up period from 〈10% at the mean follow-up of 25 months to 16.7% at the most recent follow-up at 35 months. Most of these 66 HPV lesions (89%) presented with concomitant CIN in the first punch biopsy, but it is noteworthy that the other 11 % presented without concomitant CIN. HPV DNA of at least one of the six types examined was found in 73% of the first biopsies and it is noteworthy that the so-called ‘low-risk’ types, HPV 6 and 11, were found as frequently as the ‘high-risk’ types, HPV 16 and 18 (18% and 17%, respectively). This would suggest a similarity in the biological behaviour of these two HPV groups. Although the concept of the ‘high-risk’ and ‘low-risk’ HPV types may remain at least partially valid, it is imperative to realize that infection by HPV 6 and 11 by no means excludes the possibility for clinical progession into CIS and eventually to an invasive carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 83 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Placental transmission and fetal distribution of 3H-digoxin were studied in seven pregnant women undergoing legal termination of pregnancy during the first half of gestation. The radioactivity in fetal and maternal plasma and in fetal tissues was estimated using the oxidation method, and the integrity of the labelled drug by thin layer chromatography. The 3H-digoxin activity was clearly demonstrated in the umbilical cord blood five minutes after injection of the drug into the maternal blood, and the fetal plasma concentrations of 3H-digoxin approximated to the maternal value 30 minutes after drug administration. The distribution of 3H-digoxin in the fetal tissues was relatively even, with the highest 3H concentrations found in the heart and placenta, the lowest in the brain. The results suggest that the capacity of human fetal heart to bind digoxin during the first half of gestation is limited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Papillomavirus ; Cervical cancer ; Prospective follow-up ; Life-table analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 532 women with established cervical HPV infection have been prospectively followed (without treatment) since 1981 for a mean of 45 (SD 21) months. The patients were examined by colposcopy, PAP smears and/or punch biopsy every 6 months. The life-table method was applied to analyze the clinical course (i.e. regression and progression) of the HPV lesions, stratified by their colposcopic pattern, PAP smear findings and grade of CIN. During the follow-up, 107 (41.8%) of 256 patients with HPV-NCIN lesion in the first punch biopsy, experienced spontaneous regression. The corresponding proportions for HPV-CIN I, HPV-CIN II and HPV-CIN III lesions were 31.1%,34.2%, and 20.7%, respectively. In the overall comparison between these four groups, the heterogeneity in the probability of regression was statistically significant (p = 0.0005). Clinical progression was also associated significantly with the histological grade of the lesions in the first biopsy. Progression rate was only 5.8% for HPV-NCIN lesions, as compared to 12.3% for HPV-CIN I, 20% for HPV-CIN II, and 55.2% for HPV-CIN III. The probability of progression varied significantly between the four groups (p 〈 0.00001). Cumulative proportion of regression was 46% for patients with PAP smear class I, 84% with class II, and 82% for those with class III, cells, i.e. PAP smear was not of value in predicting the regression. However, PAP smears predicted clinical progression (p = 0.006 overall). Cumulative proportion of progression was low (18%) for lesions with normal colposcopic pattern on first clinical examination, as contrasted to 45% and 53% for those with mosaic and punctation, respectively (overall, p = 0.101). These data confirm the previous concepts on HPV-CIN as true precancer lesions with a definite potential for clinical progression. The value of histologic grade and, to lesser extent, the PAP smear findings as prognostic factors is emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Papillomavirus ; Cervical cancer ; Survival analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A series of 532 women with genital HPV infections has been prospectively followed-up without treatment since 1981 for a mean of 50 (+/-21) months. The patients were examined at six month intervals by colposcopy, PAP smears and/or biopsy. HPV typing of all biopsies was completed using in situ, Southern blot and/or sandwich hybridization with DNA probes for types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33. Survival data analysis was applied to analyse the clinical course (i.e. spontaneous regression and progression) of the HPV lesions stratified by their HPV type, currently available for 458 women. Clinical progression was significantly related to the HPV type present in the lesions. The progression rate was 11.1% (6/54) for HPV 6 lesions, 14.3% (8/ 56) for HPV 11, 35.2% (32/91) for HPV 16,12.5% (4/32) for HPV 18,18.8% (6/32) for HPV 31,19.4% (6/31) for HPV 33 and 28.6% (4/14) for doubly infected lesions. The lowest progression rate, 6.1% (9/ 148), was found in lesions which remained constantly HPV DNA-negative. In the survival analysis the probability of progression varied significantly between the six HPV types (p=0.0005, overall). After grouping the viral types as HPV 6/11 (‘low risk’), HPV 16/18 (‘high risk’) and HPV 31/33 (‘intermediate risk’) the overall probability of progression remained significantly different (p=0.0035, overall). In clinical regression, however, the HPV type was not an equally good predictor (p=0.1952, overall). Within groups HPV 6/11, 16/18 and 31/33 the differences were even less significant (p= 0.4759, overall). In the pairwise comparison significant differences in progression occurred when HPV type 16 was compared to HPV 6, HPV 11 or HPV DNA-negative lesions. In regression similar differences existed in comparison of HPV DNA-negative to HPV 6 or HPV 18 lesions. These data confirm the previous finding of HPV type 16 as a ‘high risk’ type in cervical infections. Types 31 and 33 belong to ‘intermediate’ category. Although, previously included in the ‘high risk’ category, type 18 did not markedly differ from the clinical course of the ‘low risk’ (HPV 6, 11) types in the study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Calcitriol — Cholecalciferol — Cyproterone acetate — Estrogen — Vitamin D.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and vitamin D3 on vitamin D metabolites (25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D) were studied in a population-based prospective 1-year study. The serum concentrations of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and phosphate were also studied. A total of 72 women were randomized into four treatment groups: HRT group (sequential combination of 2 mg estradiol valerate and 1 mg cyproterone acetate), Vit D3 group (vitamin D3 300 IU/day + calcium lactate 500 mg/day), HRT + Vit D3 group (both above) and placebo group (calcium lactate 500 mg/day). Serum samples were taken in March–April, when vitamin D formation from sunlight in Finland is minimal after the dark winter. Serum concentrations of 25OHD increased in the Vit D3 group (33.5%, P 〈 0.001) and in the HRT + Vit D3 group (38.2%, P 〈 0.001) but had not changed significantly in the HRT and placebo groups at the 1-year follow-up examination. Serum concentrations of calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D) increased, however, only in the HRT group (23.7%, P 〈 0.05), and remained unchanged in other groups. Serum concentrations of PTH decreased by 23.2% (P 〈 0.05) in the placebo group, but did not change significantly in the other three groups. The concentrations of serum calcium increased in the nonhormone groups (P 〈 0.001), whereas serum phosphate concentrations decreased in the hormone groups (P 〈 0.05 and 0.001). Our results confirm the positive effect of 1 year of HRT on serum calcitriol. Vitamin D3 supplementation increased 25OHD concentrations, but did not affect calcitriol concentrations even though the initial levels were low. Interestingly, the combination of HRT and vitamin D3 did not increase serum calcitriol concentrations as much as HRT alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Bone mineral density ; Risk factors ; Population-based study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Population-based epidemiological studies on osteoporosis are few. Our study evaluated the effects of menopause and certain putative behavioral risk factors on bone mineral density (BMD). Spinal and femoral neck BMD were measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) from 1600 perimenopausal women aged 48–59 years (mean 53.2 years) with no diseases or medications known to affect bone metabolism. These women were a selected sample of the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study population (n=14,220). There was a wide variation of BMD among perimenopausal women. Menopause had a major effect on BMD. Postmenopausal women had significantly lower BMD in both spine (-6.2%) and femoral neck (-3.9%) as compared with premenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that weight, menopausal status, age, and grip strength were significant independent predictors of both spinal and femoral BMD. Additionally, physical activity was found to be a significant predictor of femoral BMD, and alcohol consumption was a significant predictor of spinal BMD. However, current anthropometric and lifestyle factors explained only 18.7–25.4% of the variability of BMD. Therefore, the estimation of the risk factor status at menopause is not an adequate substitute for bone densitometry. However, our results may in part help clinicians to identify the risk groups at which to direct bone density measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: HPV Typing ; Prospective follow-up ; Natural history ; CIN ; Cervical HPV infections ; Cervical carcinogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present report summarizes our current observations on the natural history of cervical HPV (Human papillomavirus) infections, based on data from 418 women prospectively followed-up in our clinic for a mean of 20±15 (M±SD) months. On each attendance at the clinic (at 6-month intervals), the patients are subjected to colposcopy accompanied by PAP smears and/or punch biopsy, both being analysed for the cytopathic changes of HPV, and for concomitant CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia). In the biopsies, the expression of HPV structural proteins was assessed using an indirect immunoperoxidase (IP-PAP) technique. HPV typing was accomplished by spot hybridization with the DNA probes for HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18. During the follow-up, 24% of the HPV lesions regressed, 55% remained persistent, and 21% progressed, 10.6%% having been coned due to progression into CIS. The clinical progression was significantly associated with the grade of HPV-associated CIN. On DNA hybridization, HPV 6 was found in 8%, HPV 11 in 36%, HPV 16 in 11% and HPV 18 in 8% of the 103 lesions typed for HPV DNA so far. HPV-CIN lesions were more frequently than HPV-NCIN associated with HPV 16 and HPV 18, as was the expression of HPV structural proteins. The progression rate was highest (45.5%) in HPV 16 lesions, followed by that (27.3%) in HPV 18 lesions, as contrasted to 0% and 13.3% for HPV 6 and 11, respectively. The natural history of cervical HPV lesions seems to be identical with that of classical CIN lesions. The inherent potential of HPV 16 and HPV 18 lesions to progress into CIS was clearly established, warrating their consideration as precancerous lesions, and supporting the concept on HPV 16 and HPV 18 as the high risk HPV types in cervical carcinogenesis. The present results also have obvious implications in the clinics of cervical HPV infections, suggesting that whenever the high risk types HPV 16 and 18 are disclosed, the lesions should be promptly eradicated, if not a careful prospective follow-up can be guaranteed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 29 (1973), S. 576-578 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 6-Hydroxydopamin, am Muttertier appliziert, geht in den Foetus und reduziert die Wurfgrösse ohne den Östruszyklus zu stören.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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