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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kidney transplantation from cadaveric donors versus living related donors: improved results in the cyclosporine era (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 621-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184488
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MAO-A inhibition in brain after dosing with esuprone, moclobemide and placebo in healthy volunteers: in vivo studies with positron emission tomography (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 52 (1997), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Positron emission tomography ; Esuprone; antidepressive drugs ; MAO-A ; moclobemide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate whether or not esuprone binds substantially to MAO-A in the human brain. Methods: In a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study 16 male healthy volunteers were examined␣with positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]harmine. Eight of the volunteers were given daily doses of 800 mg esuprone, four were given bi-daily doses of 300 mg moclobemide, and four volunteers were given placebo tablets. PET was performed before initiation of a 7-day treatment period. On day 7, one investigation was made immediately before administration of the drug, representing 23 h after the previous day's treatment for esuprone and 11 h after the last tablets of moclobemide. Further investigations were made 4 h and 8 h after the morning dose on day 7. Results: PET showed a high degree of binding of [11C]harmine, a high-affinity ligand for MAO-A, before the start of treatment, and a marked and similar reduction after treatment with esuprone and moclobemide. A slight tendency for normalisation of enzyme binding was observed at the last time point. In the placebo group no change was observed. Plasma kinetics of esuprone showed a rapid elimination with a half-life of about 4 h. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that esuprone was comparable to moclobemide in its effect on MAO-A inhibition in the brain at the doses given. This is an illustration of the potential of PET to monitor drug effects directly on target biochemical systems in the brain in human volunteers, and the possibility of using these data, rather than pharmacokinetic data, for the determination of dosing intervals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050260
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distention of the Lateral Intercellular Spaces (LIS) in the Proximal Tubule Cells of the Non-Stenosed Kidney of the 2K-1C Goldblatt Model of Hypertension as Evidence of Pressure Diuresis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 27 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study shows the development of two major deformities in the non-stenosed kidney of the 2K-1C Goldblatt model; namely the widening of the LIS and the enlargement of the basilar interdigitations of the proximal tubule cells. These deformities were much less in the 2K-1C animals treated with the angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (AICEI) cilazapril. From these findings it is suggested that the non-stenosed kidney is operating under the diuretic effect of the elevated systemic blood pressure (SBP) via an increase in the renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure (RIHP). Therefore, the AII antidiuretic effect is masked by the diuretic effect of the elevated SBP. The suggested rise in urine output fits well with the idea that kidneys lose water and sodium when SBP increases enormously. Therefore, in this model of hypertension, the non-stenosed kidney tries to lower SBP by losing water and sodium, an excretion behavior which is opposite to that of the stenosed kidney. Thus, the rise in SBP in this model is probably due to an increase in the vascular peripheral resistance rather than fluid accumulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1998.tb00180.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of Cerium-cytochemical Reactions of Glomerular Phosphatases of Normal Gerbil Meriones crassus: An Ultrastructural Localization Study (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 26 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Phosphatase cytochemical activity in the normal glomerulus of the desert gerbil Meriones crassus was demonstrated using cerium ions as capturing agents. Three major enzymes have been recognized: sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+-K+-ATPase), alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) and acid phosphatase (ACPase). However, cytochemical staining for these markers to map their localizations and distributions reveal a high positivity of Na+-K+-ATPase. This appeared as uniform dense precipitates surrounding the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and the plasma membranes of the epithelial and endothelial cells of the glomerular layers. Negligible ALKase reaction product being over the glomerular epithelia including the GBM. In contrast, the cytochemical profiles of ACPase was unusual, with dense reaction products extensively covering the endoplasmic reticulum at the region of Golgi apparatus products lysosomes (GERL) complex, including its cisternal and tubular elements and the lysosomal-vacuolar apparatus of the glomerular epithelial cells. All other subcellular organelles showed no activity.For Na+-K+-ATPase, the reaction product was successive when acetate buffer (as decalcifying agent, pH 5.0) was used. This reaction was still seen when a medium containing levamisole was used. Cytochemical controls for all enzymes were incubated in substrate-free media including those using levamisole as an inhibitor of ALPase.The data presented, which is reported for the first time, is not an attempt to determine the contribution of the selected phosphatases in the glomerular physiology and pathology. Such findings may, nevertheless, have functional implications in the fact that these markers may be involved in the ultrafiltration and other metabolic activities of the glomerulus at the molecular and/or cellular level. In addition to earlier morphological and recent histochemical work, the present study updates and reorganizes information to be used as a baseline to which the gerbil model can now be employed to investigate the behavioural adaptations of the desert rodents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1997.tb00099.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunkomplex-Glomerulonephritis nach peroraler Penicillamin-Applikation bei Ratten (1977)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 170 (1977), S. 35-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Penicillamine ; Immune complex glomerulonephritis ; Nephrotic Syndrom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The nephrotic syndrome presumably caused by an immune complex glomerulonephritis constitutes a major side effeet attendant upon chronic administration of penicillamine. The possible induction of an immune-complex glomerulonephritis by penicillamine and its further development after stopping the drug was investigated in rats. - 60 rats were fed perorally 2000 mg D-Penicillamine/kg BW/die resp. for a period of 8–44 days. Following unilateral nephrectomy the animals were observed for further 5 weeks. - Dependent to the time of penicillamine application there was an increasing deposition of IgG and C3 in a granular pattern along the glomerular basement membrane and within in the mesangium. The IgG deposits initially were focal and segmental later on diffuse and global in distribution. 5 weeks after stopping the penicillamine the immune globulin deposits had disappeared completely or at least in part as did the mild focal glomerulonephritis and the moderate proteinuria which developed in some animals after a 44 day treatment with penicillamine. - The results confirm the hitherto presumed immune complex pathogenesis of the penicillamine induced nephropathy. The disappearance of the immunoglobulins deposited and of proteinuria stopping penicillamine alludes the good prognosis of this kind of nephropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01852117
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the nephron of the one-humped camel, Camelus dromedarius (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 198 (1988), S. 287-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The nephron of the one-humped camel Camelus dromedarius was investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy. Besides the many features common to other mammalian kidneys, the nephron of the camel is unique in having an unusually thick basal lamina underlying the epithelial cells of the nephron, the thickest being found in part of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule and the thin limb of the loop of Henle. In the latter, the membrane usually appears lamellated and contains numerous tiny vesicles. In other parts of the nephron, the basal lamina usually has a homogenous appearance. The possible significance of the thickening of the basal lamina is discussed in relation to the general high renal efficiency of the camel.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051980304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal haemopoietic tissue of the mudskipper Periopthalmus koelreuteri (Pallas) (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 214 (1992), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The renal haemopoietic tissue of the mudskipper Periophthalmus koelreuteri was examined by light and electron microscopy. Leukopoietic zone surrounding melanomacrophage center and erythropoietic zone were differentiated. The ultrastructural features of the cellular components of the haemopoietic compartments are similar to those described in other fishes. Despite the presence of lymphoid cells, this tissue is mainly myeloid, and active granulopoiesis and erythropoiesis occur, as in the red bone marrow of higher vertebrates. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052140207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of the head kidney in the mudskipper, Periophthalmus koelreuteri (pallas) (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 174 (1982), S. 121-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The head kidneys of adult Periophthalamus koelreuteri contain many functional glomerular nephorns which on the basis of this histochemical study, are indistinguishable from those of the typical opistonephros of marine teleosts. The anterior lobes resemble, in location and in the presence of intertubular erythropoeitic tissue, the pronephros in other species. The single nephron found there, however, does not differ significantly from the other nephrons of the head kidney. It is suggested, therefore, that the nephrons of the head kidney in this species are opisthonephric in origin.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051740109
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of the nephronic tubule of the mudskipper Periophthalmus koelreuteri (Pallas) (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 187 (1986), S. 109-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Ultrastructural examination of the head kidney of Periophthalmus koelreuteri (Pallas) (Teleostei, Gobiidae) revealed that the nephronic tubule cells are bound by tight junctions and desmosomes with little intercellular space. The first proximal segment (PI) consists of low columnar cells with well developed brush borders, indented nuclei, and numerous apical endocytic vesicles and lysosomes. A second cell type possessing clusters of apical cilia and lacking brush border and lysosomes is occasionally found between PI cells. The second proximal segment (PII) is formed of high columnar cells with brush border, regular spherical nuclei and numerous mitochondria located between well developed infoldings of the basal membrane. Single ciliary structures protrude into the lumen from PI and PII cells. The distal segment is lined by low columnar epithelium with few microvilli, regular spherical nuclei, numerous scattered mitochondria, and microbodies. The collecting tubule cells are cuboidal with few euchromatic nuclei, some mitochondria, and secondary lysosomes.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051870109
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the nephron of the young camel Camelus dromedarius (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 210 (1991), S. 101-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The present study was undertaken to compare the ultrastructure of the kidney of young camels (Camelus dromedarius) with that of adult kidneys, described previously (Safer et al., '88). Young kidneys are known to produce a urine that is only about half as concentrated as that of adult kidneys (Maloiy, '72; Abo-Salem, '88). While possessing most of the ultrastructural features of adult kidneys, and of mammalian kidneys in general, young kidneys differ from those of adults in several respects. The basal lamina comprising part of the filtration barrier is approximately one-fourth as thick as that of the adult kidney. Young kidneys also lack thickened, heterogeneous basal laminae associated with the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubules, and the thin segments of the loops of Henle in adult kidneys. In addition, the proximal convoluted tubules of young kidneys contain mixtures of lightly stained and darkly stained cells, while those of adult kidneys possess only lightly stained cells. These differences between young and adult kidneys might in part be related to a greater degree of water deprivation experienced by adult animals.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052100202
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