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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postoperative UFT Adjuvant and the Risk Factors for Recurrence in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 4 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Radical nephrectomy is the standard therapy for low-stage renal cell carcinoma. However, recurrence sometimes develops even in patients who are considered to have undergone a curative resection of the primary tumor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of UFT (a 1: 4 mixture of tegafur and uracil) adjuvant and the risk factors for recurrence in renal cell carcinoma. Methods A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare the use of long-term oral UFT adjuvant with nonadjuvant therapy after a radical nephrectomy for Robson stage I or II renal cell carcinoma. A multivariate analysis was also performed to estimate the risk factors for recurrence. Results A total of 71 patients were entered into this study, and 66 were evaluable (33 for each group). There was no significant difference in patient characteristics between the 2 groups. The nonrecurrence rate at 5 years after a radical nephrectomy was 80.5% and 77.1% in the UFT adjuvant group and the nonadjuvant group, respectively, with a median follow-up of 112.9 months; the difference was not significant. The toxicity of UFT was generally mild and tolerable. The tumor grade was found to be an important factor influencing recurrence. Conclusion UFT cannot be universally recommended as an adjuvant therapy for radical nephrectomy in all patients with low-stage renal cell carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1997.tb00130.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of the Preoperative Intravesical Instillation of Doxorubicin and the Oral Administration of 5-Fluorouracil in Preventing Recurrence After a Transurethral Resection of Superficial Bladder Cancer (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 4 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The postoperative intravesical instillation of doxorubicin (ADM) has a preventative effect on recurrence after a transurethral resection (TUR) of superficial bladder cancer. However, the significance of preoperative ADM instillation remains unclear. Although the oral administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been observed to show some clinical response against bladder cancer, its preventative effect on the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer after TUR is unknown. Methods: Patients were randomized into 4 groups. All 4 groups received postoperative ADM instillation. In addition, patients in groups C and D received preoperative ADM instillation, whereas patients in groups B and D additionally received oral 5-FU postoperatively. The nonrecurrence rate and side effects were both compared among the 4 groups. Results: Of the 282 patients registered, 200 were evaluable, with a median follow-up period of 21.4 months. There were no significant differences in the characteristics of the patients among the 4 groups. Group C (pre- and postoperative ADM) showed a significantly longer disease-free interval than group A (postoperative ADM alone). However, there was no significant difference in the disease-free interval between groups A and B (postoperative ADM plus 5-FU), or between groups C and D (pre- and postoperative ADM plus 5-FU). Bladder irritation symptoms were the most frequently noted side effect encountered in all groups, but the severity was generally mild. Conclusions: Preoperative ADM instillation was found to prevent recurrence to a greater extent than the usual postoperative instillation alone, whereas oral 5-FU was found to have no additional beneficial effect on the disease-free interval in patients with superficial bladder cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1997.tb00207.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prophylactic intravesical instillation chemotherapy against recurrence after a transurethral resection of superficial bladder cancer: a randomized controlled trial of doxorubicin plus verapamil versus doxorubicin alone (1998)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 42 (1998), S. 367-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Key words Superficial bladder cancer ; Prophylaxis ; Intravesical chemotherapy ; Multidrug resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: We investigated whether verapamil (VR), a known chemosensitizing agent of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance, could enhance the preventative effect of doxorubicin (Adriamycin, ADM) on both intravesical recurrence and disease progression after transurethral resection (TUR) of superficial bladder cancer. Methods: The patients were randomized into two groups: one group received an intravesical instillation of ADM (30 mg) plus VR (15 mg) after TUR of superficial bladder cancer (19 times over 1 year), and the other group received ADM alone on the same treatment schedule. The nonrecurrence rate, the incidence of disease progression at the first recurrence and the side effects were compared over a median follow-up of 38.5 months. Results: Of the 226 patients registered, 157 were evaluable. No significant differences were observed in the patients' characteristics between the two groups. Although the incidence of disease progression at the first recurrence was not significantly different between the two groups, the ADM plus VR instillation group did show a significantly higher nonrecurrence rate than the ADM-only instillation group, and such significance persisted even when any possible bias was allowed for in a multivariate analysis. In terms of side effects, the incidence and severity of bladder irritation symptoms were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Intravesical instillation chemotherapy with ADM plus VR was found to have a significantly greater beneficial effect than with ADM alone for preventing recurrence after TUR of superficial bladder cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002800050831
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early intravesical instillation of adriamycin with oral administration of 5-fluorouracil after transurethral resection for superficial bladder cancer: preliminary results (1987)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 20 (1987), S. S81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In all, 199 patients were entered in this study by 21 collaborating hospitals. Patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were randomized postoperatively into four groups. Group A received early (immediately and 2 days after transurethral resection) instillation of adriamycin (30 mg/30 mg); group B received early instillation of adriamycin with oral administration of 5-fluorouracil (200 mg/day); group C received delayed (7 days after transurethral resection) instillation of adriamycin (30 mg/30 ml); and group D received delayed instillation of adriamycin with oral administration of 5-fluorouracil (200 mg/day). All patients subsequently received instillations weekly for 2 more weeks, and then every 2 weeks for a further 14 weeks. After 4 months, they received one instillation per month for 8 months. 5-Fluorouracil was administered p. o. for 1 year. The postoperative follow-up period was 12 months. After 3 and 6 months there were significant differences in the non-recurrence rates between groups B and C. After 12 months the overall nonrecurrence rates were 87.9% in group A, 83.5% in group B, 89.2% in group C, and 82,8% in group D, and there were no significant differences among the four groups. The number of patients entered and the follow-up period are not adequate for firm conclusions, and further studies are necessary. The main side effect was bladder irritation, which was observed in 38.8% of patients in the early instillation groups and in 26.3% of those in the delayed instillation groups. No severe systemic side effects were observed in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262493
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adjuvant chemotherapy with early intravesical instillation of Adriamycin and long-term oral administration of 5-fluorouracil in superficial bladder cancer (1992)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 30 (1992), S. S31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A randomized controlled trial was performed to study the efficiency of adjuvant chemotherapy with carly intravesical instillation of Adriamycin and long-term oral administration of 5-fluorouracil in 275 patients with superficial bladder cancer. All of the patients were randomized into four groups. Group A received early (immediately and 2 days after transurethral resection) instillation of Adriamycin alone; Group B received early instillation of Adriamycin with oral administration of 5-fluorouracil; Group C received delayed (7 days after transurethral resection) instillation of Adriamycin alone; and group D received delayed instillation of Adriamycin with oral administration of 5-fluorouracil. All patients subsequently received instillations weekly for 2 weeks and then every 2 weeks for a further 14 weeks. After 4 months, they received monthly instillations for 8 months. 5-Fluorouracil (groups B and D) was given daily p.o. for 1 year. Evaluation was possible in 187 patients. The postoperative follow-up period for determination of non-recurrence rates was 36 months, during which no significant difference was detected among the four groups. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was found between the early-and delayed-instillation groups. However, the non-recurrence rates obtained in the groups undergoing early instillation were higher than those determined in the delayed-instillation groups during the 36-month follow-up period, and this difference was especially significant at 4 and 5 months. In addition, the early-instillation groups showed significantly higher non-recurrence rates than did the delayed-instillation groups in terms of primary cases (P〈0.01), tumor size of 〈1 cm (P〈0.05), multiple tumors (P〈0.01), pathological stage pTa (P〈0.01), and histological grades G1 and G2 (P〈0.05). Groups B and D, which were treated by intravesical instillation of Adriamycin with oral administration of 5-fluorouracil, showed no significant prophylaxis of recurrence during the 36-month follow-up as compared with groups A and C, which received intravesical instilations alone. The main side effect, which required discontinuation of the treatment, was bladder irriation. However, no significant difference in its incidence was found between the early-and delayed-instillation groups. No severe systemic side effect was encountered in this study. These results suggest that early as well as repeated intravesical instillation of Adriamycin is clinically tolerable and may be effective in preventing the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686938
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Two route infusion chemotherapy” usingcis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, for metastatic liver tumors in rats (1982)
    Springer
    Surgery today 12 (1982), S. 456-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: intra-hepatic arterial infusion ; DDP ; STS ; metastatic liver tumor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the effects of combination chemotherapy of an antitumor drugcis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) and its potent antidote, sodium thiosulfate (STS) in rat liver tumor systems. This therapy was given to female WKA rats with metastatic liver tumors 13 days after inoculation of syngeneic hepatoma cells through the mesenteric vein. DDP and STS were administeredvia two different routes, hepatic artery and femoral vein, respectively (we call this treatment “two route infusion chemotherapy”). The antitumor effects were evaluated 21 days after the treatment by calculating the tumor weight from the total weight of the liver. Tumor weights of rats treated with 20 mg/kg of intra-arterial DDP plus 1,054 mg/kg of systemic STS (group A), 5 mg/kg of intra-arterial DDP alone (group B), and 5 mg/kg of systemic DDP alone (group C) were, about one fifth two fifths and three fifths of the tumor weights in the untreated controls, respectively. In group A, no rats died despite administration of a 4-fold higher DDP dose than in the latter two groups B and C in which 14–18 per cent of the rats died, due to DDP-induced toxicity. The patterns of body weight gain in the three groups after the chemotherapy were much the same. Our results clearly indicate that the antitumor effect of DDP on metastatic liver tumors in rats can remarkably be enhanced by the “two route infusion chemotherapy” of DDP and STS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02469838
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