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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Heat stroke ; Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ; Blood purification therapy ; Continuous venovenous hemofiltration ; Plasma exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five patients were admitted to our hospital because of classical heat stroke during the heat waves which attacked our country in the summers 1994 and 1995. The clinical and laboratory findings of all patients suggested the rapid progress of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Blood purification (BP) therapy, in addition to conventional treatment, was performed in three of the patients. Despite their disastrous general condition, all completely recovered or recovered sufficiently to be transferred to a rehabilitation hospital. Two additional patients were treated with conventional treatment only and both died in 1–3 days after admission.Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings on admission showed no differences between the cases receiving BP therapy and those not receiving BP therapy. These findings suggest that, in heat stroke patients, additional BP therapy may provide a better prognosis than conventional therapy only. These beneficial effects of BP may have been due mainly to the removal of proinflammatory cytokines related to heat stroke.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1437-7799
    Keywords: Key words AST-120 ; Glomerulosclerosis ; Hyperlipidemia ; Renal failure ; SHC rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. The oral adsorbent, AST-120 Kureha Chemical, has been shown to attenuate the progression of chronic renal failure in rats and humans. Spontaneous hypercholesterolemic male rats, (SHC rats; SHCRs) have been introduced for experimentation because they develop progressive hyperlipidemia and glomerulosclerosis on a cholesterol-free standard diet by their 30th week of life. Methods. The effects of AST-120 were studied in SHCRs. Twenty 10-week-old SHCRs were divided into two groups: a control group (n = 10), and an AST-120 group (n = 10). The experiment was begun at the 12th week and completed at the 34th week of life. Results. At the end of the experiment, we found that the serum levels of total cholesterol were 40% lower in the AST-120 rats than in the control rats (P 〈 0.01). The creatinine clearance in the AST group was 40% higher than that in the controls (P 〈 0.05). At the age of 20 weeks, postheparin lipoprotein lipase in the AST-120 SHCRs and in Sprague-Dawley rats with normal serum lipid levels was comparable, but was clearly lower in the control SHCRs. Finally, in a pathological investigation that determined a sclerosis index for all kidneys, this was significantly lower in the AST group than in the control animals (P 〈 0.01). Conclusions. The reduction of serum lipid levels following the administration of the AST-120 oral adsorbent is associated with amelioration of renal functional and structural changes in SHCRs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1437-7799
    Keywords: Key words Ovariectomy ; Estrogen ; Testosterone ; Rats ; Glomerulosclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Hypercholesterolemic Imai rats, especially males, spontaneously develop proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. We previously studied the effect of estrogen on the development of glomerular injury in this rat strain and found that estrogen treatment showed a sex difference in its effect on glomerular injury, exerting dual effect, an attenuating effect in males and an exacerbatory effect in females. Because this dual effect seemed to be related to and regulated by testosterone, in the present study, we investigated whether estrogen's effect on glomerular injury differed in the presence and absence of testosterone, using castrated male Imai rats in experiment 1 (Exp 1), and testosterone-replaced castrated Imai rats in Exp 2. Methods. In Exp 1, groups (G)1 and 2 were sham-operated and G3 and 4 were castrated at 6 weeks of age. G2 and 4 received estrogen. In Exp 2, G1 was sham-operated and G2 was castrated. G3 and 4 were castrated and received testosterone replacement therapy with G4 receiving additional estrogen therapy. Body weight, urinary protein, and serum constituents were investigated every 4 weeks, from 12 weeks through 24 weeks of age. At 24 weeks of age, the rats were studied morphologically. Results. Estrogen treatment of control male rats attenuated glomerular injury to levels equal to those in castrated rats, but, conversely, the same treatment in castrated rats exacerbated the glomerular injury, with an increase in serum growth hormone (GH) levels. In Exp 2, testosterone replacement therapy abolished the attenuating effect of castration but estrogen treatment of testosterone-replaced castrated rats attenuated the glomerular injury with a reduction in serum GH levels. Conclusions. The results suggest that a dual, attenuating and exacerbatory, effect of estrogen on glomerular injury is regulated by testosterone, and that up-regulation of GH by estrogen may contribute to the exacerbatory effect of estrogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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