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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 70 (1992), S. 21-25 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Neutrophil — Adhesion — Intestinal epithelia — Bile acid — Ammonia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: Bile acids and ammonia (NH3/NH4 +) are cytotoxic metabolic products, which are known to influence intestinal epithelial functions such as colonic chloride secretion. In this study, we have investigated the effect of bile acids and ammonia on neutrophil-intestinal epithelial adhesive interaction.¶Materials and Methods: Confluently cultured HT29 cells were treated with bile acids or ammonium chloride. Then, 51Cr-labeled neutrophils were added to HT29 cell monolayers, and neutrophil adhesion was assessed by γ-scintillation counting.¶Results: Treatment of HT29 cells with 0.1mM CDCA (chenodeoxycholic acid), DCA (deoxycholic acid), CA (cholic acid) or ammonium chloride but not UDCA (ursodeoxycholic acid) for 30 min increased neutrophil adhesion about 4-folds (p 〈 0.01). The increased adhesion was inhibited 82-91% by 10 μg/ml anti-CD11b and anti-CD18 mAbs (p 〈 0.01), but not by anti-CD11a and anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) mAbs. Interestingly, flow cytometric analysis revealed that ICAM-1 expression on HT29 cells was not changed by bile acid- or ammonia-treatment. In addition, the increased adhesion was inhibited about 65% by proteinase K-treatment (10 μg/ml, 1 min, p 〈 0.05) but not cycloheximide-treatment (1 μg/ml, 30 min) of HT29 cells.¶Conclusions: These observations indicate that exposure of HT29 cells to bile acids or ammonia induces CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) dependent- but CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) independent-neutrophil adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells, and ICAM-1 is unlikely involved in the interactions. Furthermore, epithelial ligand(s) for neutrophils are protein molecule(s) which are expressed on the cell surface independent of protein synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Ionosphere (particle precipitation; plasma waves and instabilities)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The SuperDARN HF radars have been employed in the past to investigate the spectral characteristics of coherent backscatter from L-shell aligned features in the auroral E region. The present study employs all-sky camera observations of the aurora from Husafell, Iceland, and the two SuperDARN radars located on Iceland, Þykkvibær and Stokkseyri, to determine the optical signature of such backscatter features. It is shown that, especially during quiet geomagnetic conditions, the backscatter region is closely associated with east-west aligned diffuse auroral features, and that the two move in tandem with each other. This association between optical and radar aurora has repercussions for the instability mechanisms responsible for generating the E region irregularities from which radars scatter. This is discussed and compared with previous studies investigating the relationship between optical and VHF radar aurora. In addition, although it is known that E region backscatter is commonly observed by SuperDARN radars, the present study demonstrates for the first time that multiple radars can observe the same feature to extend over at least 3 h of magnetic local time, allowing precipitation features to be mapped over large portions of the auroral zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Adrenal glands ; Adrenocortical adenoma ; Adipose tissue ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of adrenocortical adenoma containing small adipose foci is presented. A small amount of fat within the mass led to an erroneous preoperative diagnosis of myelolipoma. Adrenal adenoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of adrenal mass containing fat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Liver, neoplasm ; Cavernous hemangioma ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of hepatic cavernous hemangioma with uncommon CT findings of multiple spotty calcifications arranged like a wreath in the marginal areas and no contrast enhancement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Neostriatum ; Hyperthermia ; Seizure ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes occurring in serotonin neurons during hyperthermia and hyperthermia-induced convulsions were examined by quantiative immunohistochemistry. A marked increase in serotonin immunoreactivity was observed at the rostral and intermediate levels of the neostriatum of mice kept at high temperatures with no convulsions, and a significant reduction in serotonin immunoreactivity was verified throughout the neostiatum of mice which had hyperthermia-induced seizures. These results suggest that serotonin neurons change significantly during thermal stress and seizures, and that regional analysis is essential for an understanding of the role of serotonin neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Purkinje cells ; Deiters neurones ; Inhibitory synapses ; GABA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1.Various drugs were applied intravenously or into the fourth ventricle and their effects upon the inhibition exerted by Purkinje cell axons were appraised by both extra- and intracellular recording from Deiters neurones. Strychnine, picrotoxin, pentamethylenetetrazol, β-methyl-β-ethylglutarimide, noradrenaline, dopamine, dibenamine and nethalide did not affect this inhibition. 2.γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and inhibitors of GABA transaminase were applied iontophoretically into the vicinity of Deiters neurones through an outer barrel of coaxial electrodes, the effects being observed either intra- or extracellularly through an inner barrel. 3. GABA depressed both inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic potentials and often blocked the spike potentials, while it increased the membrane conductance. 4. GABA also produced a membrane hyperpolarization of 3–8 mV. Concomitantly both the spike potential and after-depolarization increased in amplitude and the after-hyperpolarization decreased. 5. In a few cases hydroxylamine but not amino-oxyacetic acid potentiated the inhibition, there being an increase in the inhibitory postsynaptic potentials thereby induced. 6. These effects were considered in connection with the possibility that GABA acts as a natural transmitter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 12 (1971), S. 223-237 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Deiters ; Purkinje Cell ; Mossy fibre ; Granule Cell ; IPSP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In anaesthetized cats, electric pulse stimuli were applied at various lateralities to the anterior lobe of the cerebellum. In dorsal Deiters neurones delayed IPSPs with latencies of 3–6 msec were evoked from the entire area of the culmen including the paravermis bilaterally. The delayed IPSPs had a summit time of about 2 msec and a duration of about 7 msec. They showed a marked temporal facilitation and subsequent depression with double shock stimulation. Corticovestibular fibers were penetrated within the nucleus of Deiters and showed delayed, labile responses to cortical stimulation, corresponding to the delayed IPSPs in Deiters neurones. During stimulation of the anterior lobe at any laterality, field potentials recorded in the cerebellar cortex further revealed that there was activation, presumably through axon collaterals of mossy fibers, of granule cells and subsequently of Purkinje cells in the vermal cortex. Cortical events exhibited a prominent temporal facilitation and subsequent depression, in parallel with that observed for the delayed IPSPs in Deiters neurones. The delayed IPSPs in Deiters neurones arising from a wide area of the cerebellar cortex thus were attributed to activation through mossy fiber-granule cell pathway of Purkinje cells of the corticovestibular projection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 6 (1968), S. 247-264 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Deiters neurones ; Disinhibition ; Cerebellum ; Cats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Following the stimulation of cerebellar cortex, a slow depolarization developed in the neurones which were impaled with microelectrodes in the dorsal portion of the nucleus of Deiters. Characteristically, it was produced bilaterally from a wide area of the culmen and, with double shock stimulation at brief intervals, showed a marked potentiation, often in association with a later depression. After repetitive stimulation of the cerebellar cortex the slow depolarization was prolonged for a period of many seconds. Even stimulation of the spinal cord caused similar depolarization. By intracellular injection of currents and ions, the depolarization was shown to be disinhibition, i. e., removal of background inhibition. Accordingly, it was confirmed that there was a steady production of IPSPs in dorsal Deiters neurones, which diminished during the phase of disinhibition. As the possible source of these background IPSPs, the Purkinje cell axons within the nucleus of Deiters were found to be discharging rhythmically at a rate of 20–90/sec, and in fact they were depressed very effectively after cerebellar stimulation. At the same time, volleys along Purkinje cell axons produced by a testing cerebellar stimulation also were diminished, indicating a depression in the excitability of Purkinje cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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