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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass Unit for Liquid and Vapor Phase Extraction Employing Single Processing Chamber (1952)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 24 (1952), S. 1232-1232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60067a053
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in nucleic acid and protein synthesis during starvation and spherule formation inPhysarum polycephalum (1970)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 165 (1970), S. 110-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The synthesis of protein and nucleic acids was studied by isotope incorporation and dilution in the plasmodia ofPhysarum polycephalum during periods of growth and differentiation (spherule formation). The total protein content decreased during starvation, but protein synthesis still occurred, probably at the expense of proteins previously synthesized during growth. Studies on leucine incorporation showed that protein synthesized during growth had a greater turnover than did protein formed by starving cultures, when both types of cultures were transferred to starvation conditions. Protein synthesis after prolonged starvation was rapidly and markedly decreased following the inhibition of RNA synthesis, whereas no such direct dependence on RNA synthesis was observed in growing cultures or during early starvation. The kinetics of RNA synthesis and the types of RNA formed were also shown to differ in growth and starvation. RNA turnover was low in growing cultures but substantial in starving cultures that were returned to growth medium. Qualitative differences in pulse-labeled RNA extracted from growing or starving cultures were revealed by methylated-albumin-kieselguhr column chromatography and sucrose gradient centrifugation. In starving cultures proportionately more labeled RNA was found in the lighter, non-ribosomal region of the gradient, and RNA from this region hybridized with denatured DNA to a greater extent than did other RNA fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00650140
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteine in der Frühentwicklung der Grille (Acheta domesticus, Orthoptera) (1971)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 167 (1971), S. 118-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Aus Grilleneiern wurden verschiedene Proteingemische gewonnen durch: Homogenisierung, Ultrabeschallung, fraktionierte Zentrifugation, Essigsäureextraktion und Säulenchromatographie an Hydroxyapatit. Die nach Acetonfällung in 8 M Harnstoff gelösten Proteine wurden durch SDS-Polyacrylamidelektrophorese aufgetrennt und densitometrisch analysiert. In Grilleneiern ließen sich durch Inkubation in14CO2 Proteine radioaktiv markieren. Die Markierungsrate einzelner Proteinfraktionen wurde als Radioaktivität eluierter Gelfraktionen oder im Autoradiogramm von Gelscheiben gemessen. Die Verteilung der radioaktiv markierten Proteine im Elektropherogramm entsprach nicht dem Muster der gefärbten Proteinbanden und unterschied sich in charakteristischer Weise in den geprüften Stadien: Furchung (Omnipotenz), Keimanlage (Determination) und Keimstreif (Primäre Differenzierung).
    Notes: Summary Proteins in homogenates of yolk-rich cricket eggs were fractionated by sonication, differential centrifugation, acetic acid-extraction and column chromatography on hydroxyapatite and separated by SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis in 8 M urea. Radioactivity was introduced by incubating the eggs, which are impermeable to labeled amino acids, in a14CO2-atmosphere.14C-label in protein extracts was resistant to hot TCA-extraction and was proved to be mainly in glutamic acid and aspartic acid. The profiles of radioactivity across the electropherogram as analysed by gel-fractionation and scintillation counting or by radioautography were found to be distinct from the pattern of stained protein-bands. During early development characteristic changes in the patterns of radioactive proteins occurred at the three stages tested: cleavage (omnipotency), germ-disc (determination) and germ-band (primary differentiation).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00577036
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beziehungen zwischen enzymatischer Formiataktivierung und Erythrozytenlebensdauer (1969)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 19 (1969), S. 457-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Studies on enzymatic formiate activation in the erythrocytes of normal persons and of patients with various hematological diseases show a clearcut relationship between the activity of the formyl-FH4-synthetase and the lifespan of the erythrocytes as well as of the number of reticulocytes in the blood. However, the enzyme activities are determined less by the absolute number of reticulocytes than by the age the erythrocyte population examined. This was shown by course-examinations of patients with hemolytic anemia, pernicious anemia, and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria who received specific treatment with corticosteroids, vitamin B12 or blood transfusions. Probably a highly active isoenzyme which has been fractionated out from het corresponding hemolysate is responsible for the increase of the Michaelis constant for tetrahydrofolic acid despite the increased activity of the formyl FH4-synthetase in short-lived erythrocytes of patients with hemolytic anemias.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen der enzymatischen Formiataktivierung in den Erythrozyten bei Normalpersonen und bei verschiedenen hämatologischen Erkrankungen zeigen eine deutliche Korrelation zwischen der Aktivität der Formyl-FH4-Synthetase und der Erythrozytenlebenszeit sowie der Retikulozytenzahl im Blut. Die Enzymaktivitäten werden aber weniger durch die absolute Retikulozytenzahl als durch das Lebensalter der untersuchten Erythrozytenpopulationen bestimmt. Dieses zeigen Verlaufsuntersuchungen bei Patienten mit hämolytischer Anämie, perniziöser Anämie und paroxysmaler nächtlicher Hämoglobinurie unter spezifischer Behandlung mit Kortikosteroiden, Vitamin B12 bzw. Bluttransfusionen. Für die Erhöhung der Michaeliskonstante für Tetrahydrofolsäure trotz gesteigerter Aktivität der Formyl-FH4-Synthetase in kurzlebigen Erythrozyten bei hämolytischen Anämien ist wahrscheinlich ein hoch aktives, aus entsprechenden Hämolysaten herausfraktioniertes Isoenzym verantwortlich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01631055
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zum gegenwärtigen Stand der internistischen Therapie des Mammacarcinoms (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 57 (1979), S. 913-920 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Breast cancer ; Endocrine therapy ; Mamma-Ca ; Hormonbehandlung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Hormontherapie des Mamma-Ca hat in jüngster Zeit durch den Nachweis von Hormonrezeptoren an den Tumorzellen und die gezielte Beeinflussung des Tumorwachstums durch kompetitive Hemmung der Rezeptoren mit Antiöstrogenen große Wandlungen erfahren. Einige der herkömmlichen hormonellen Maßnahmen haben nur noch historische Bedeutung, andere werden in Zukunft nicht mehr zur Anwendung gelangen. Ob mit einem methodisch verbessertem Nachweis und somit vertieftem Verständnis der Steroidhormonrezeptoren auf das Tumorwachstum das derzeit noch stark schematisierte Vorgehen bei der Auswahl der verschiedenen Therapieschritte zukünftig Bestand haben wird, ist fraglich.
    Notes: Summary A renewal of interest in endocrine therapy of breast cancer is resulting from the demonstration of steroid hormone receptors in tumor cells sensitive to antiestrogens and the possibility for predicting endocrine responsiveness. Therefore new therapeutical concepts have been developed and some of the established endocrine regimens have been reduced to historical interest. It is more than doubtful that the present schematization in selecting the proper kind of endocrine treatment has any future as methodical difficulties in demonstrating hormone receptors will be overcome and the understanding of their biological function will increase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01478547
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Knochenmarktransplantation im Erwachsenenalter bei akuter Leukämie, aplastischer Anämie und paroxysmaler nächtlicher Hämoglobinurie (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 61 (1983), S. 321-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bone-marrow-transplantation ; Acuteleukemia ; Aplastic-anemia ; Paroxysmal-nocturnal-hemoglobinuria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eleven adults have been transplanted for various reasons between July 1979 and July 1982: 2 with aplastic anemia (AA), 1 with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), 8 with acute leukemia (AL). Four patients suffered from acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and four from acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). Two of them were transplanted in relapse, 1 in a partial remission, and 5 in complete remission. All patients were in their late stage of disease. The PNH-patient had an identical twin, 8 patients had an HLA- and MLC compatible sib, 1 an unrelated donor, and 1 was transplanted from his father. Four patients are alive, 2 more than 3 years: 1 with AA and 1 with ALL who was transplanted in relapse. Six patients died of infectious complications (4 of interstitial pneumonia, 1 of a candidasepsis, 1 of acute toxoplasmosis). Patients living more than 3 weeks had a take. Acute graft-versus-host (GvH) disease did not present a major problem. All patients received methotrexate for GvH-prophylaxis, in three instances the marrow was additionally pre-incubated with anti-T-cell globulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01485022
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple brown tumors in a patient with nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 42-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hyperparathyroidism ; Secondary nutritional ; Brown tumors ; Osteolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary For years, brown tumors have been considered to be a characteristic of primary hyperparathyroidism. However, since 1963 several reports indicate the incidence of brown tumors in patients with renal secondary hyperparathyroidism to be 1.5%–1.7%. The appearance of multiple brown tumor lesions is rather uncommon in secondary hyperparathyroidism which is also true for malabsorption as its cause. We report on a 56-year-old man presenting with pain in the bones and multiple osteolyses. A bone biopsy specimen and the laboratory examinations were indicative of secondary hyperparathyroidism caused by malabsorption most likely due to Billroth's II/I gastric resection. Thus, the patient's osteolyses represent brown tumors which have been induced by nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01736534
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfacher Test zur Messung der Methionin-Synthetase-(MS-)Aktivität und seine Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in der Klinik (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 50 (1972), S. 986-990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Methionine synthetase ; clinical chemistry ; folic acid ; vitamin B12 ; one-carbon units ; nucleotide biosynthesis ; Methionin-Synthetase ; klinische Chemie ; Folsäure ; Vitamin B12 ; Einkohlenstoffeinheiten ; Nucleotid-Biosynthese
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wegen der Schlüsselstellung der Methionin-Synthetase (MS) im Stoffwechsel der Folsäure und damit der Einkohlenstoff-Einheiten sowie der „essentiellen“ Aminosäure Methionin als Starter der Protein- und Enzymsynthese wurde ein unaufwendiges und gut reproduzierbares Bestimmungsverfahren für dieses Enzyme ausgearbeitet. Nach Ermittlung der optimalen Bedingungen wurden Organe verschiedener Tiere auf ihre MS-Aktivität geprüft. Eine Anwendung des routinemäßig einfachen Verfahrens für kinetische Untersuchungen an menschlichem Gewebe und Blutzellen scheint möglich. Zellen, die eine große Teilungsrate und somit eine erhöhte Nucleotid- und Proteinsynthese aufweisen, haben offenbar eine erhöhte spezifisch Aktivität der Methionin-Synthetase gegenüber langsam oder nicht mehr wachsenden Populationen.
    Notes: Summary The methionine synthetase (MS) reaction holds a key role in the metabolism of folic acid and one-carbone units. Of secondary importance probably is the formation of the “essential” amino acid methionine which induces protein and enzyme synthesis. Based on the formation of labelled methionine from14C-methyl-tetrahydrofolate, an assay for MS activity is described which is both easily performed and reproduced. Optimal conditions were established and several organs of different animals screened for their MS activity. In rapidly dividing cells in which nucleotide and protein synthesis is elevated, the specific activity of MS is enhanced as compared to slowly or not at all growing cell populations. It seems feasible to adopt this simple assay in the routine analysis of cellular biokinetics in human tissues and blood cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01486992
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nachweis und Aktivität der Methioninsynthetase in normalen und pathologischen Zellen des Blutes und des Knochenmarks (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 50 (1972), S. 991-994 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Methionine synthetase ; nucleotide biosynthesis ; essential amino acid ; blood cells ; bone-marrow ; leukaemia ; Methionin-Synthetase ; Nucleotid-Biosynthese ; essentielle Aminosäure ; Blutzellen ; Knochenmark ; Leukämie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Methioninsynthetase-Aktivität wurde in verschiedenen menschlichen Geweben, malignen Neubildungen, normalen und pathologischen Zellen des Blutes und Knochenmarks nachgewiesen und damit eine Synthese von Methionin in ausreichender Menge im menschlichen Organismus bewiesen. Der essentielle Charakter dieser Aminosäure ist damit aufgehoben. In den normalen Blutzellen verhält sich die Methioninsynthetase entsprechend der gesteigerten Stoffwechselaktivität kernhaltiger und teilungsfähighiger Zellen. Bei akuten myeloischen Leukämien ist die MS-Aktivität im Vergleich zu normalen Leukocyten- und Knochenmarkwerten um das 3,5- bzw. 2fache erhöht. Hingegen zeigen die Blutzellen von akuten und chronischen lymphatischen wie auch von chronisch myeloischen Leukämien subnormale Werte. Diese unterschiedlichen Aktivitäten der Methioninsynthetase in der akuten myeloischen Leukämie und der akuten lymphatischen Leukämie sowie den chronischen Formen lassen sich differentialdiagnostisch in der Weise verwerten, daß die angegebene Methode zur Enzymdiagnose und Kontrolle von Leukämien dienen kann. Ebenso kann ein Therapieerfolg dokumentiert werden.
    Notes: Summary Methionine synthetase (MS) activity was determined in different normal and carcinomatous human tissues, as well as in normal and pathological cells of both blood and bone-marrow. It was demonstrable that a sufficient amount of methionine is synthesized in the human body. That methionine is no longer to be considered an essential amino acid is thus proven. In normal blood cells, methionine synthetase is proportional to the metabolic activity of nucleus-containing or proliferating cells. In acute myelocytic leukaemia, MS activity is 3.5 times higher in leukocytes and 2 times higher in bonemarrow cells compared to normal subjects. In contrast, the blood cells of acute and chronic lymphatic leukaemia and chronic myelocytic leukamia show subnormal values. the different activities of methionine synthetase can be used to distinguish acute myelocytic leukaemia from acute lymphatic leukaemia, as well as from the chronic forms, and to assess the therapeutic progress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01486993
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Pharmakokinetik von Hydroxy-Harnstoff und seine Anwendung bei der Therapie von akuten myeloischen Leukämien unter Ausnutzung von Synchronisations- und Recruitment-Effekten (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 54 (1976), S. 203-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hydroxy-urea ; Synchronization ; Cytosine-arabinoside-recruitment ; Acute myeloblastic leukemia ; Hydroxy-Harnstoff ; Synchronisation ; Cytosin-Arabinosid ; Recruitment ; akute myeloische Leukämie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um mit Hydroxy-Harnstoff (HU) über 36 Std einen wirksamen, die DNS-Synthese blockierenden Plasma-Spiegel aufrecht erhalten zu können, muß die individuell stark schwankende HU-Eliminationskinetik ermittelt werden. Bei 9 Patienten lag die HU-Halbwertszeit im Plasma zwischen 120 und 198 min. Nach der durch den HU-Block erreichten Synchronisation der proliferierenden Zellen erfolgt die phasenspezifische cytozide Therapie durch 4malige Gabe von 1 mg/kg Cytosin-Arabinosid (AraC). Durch den Wiederbeginn des Therapiecyclus mit HU kann der nach AraC auftretende Recruitment-Effekt genutzt werden. Bei der Behandlung von 4 akuten myeloischen Leukämien nach diesem Synchronisations/Recruitment-Schema konnte in einem Fall eine Vollremission erzielt werden, die bis jetzt 14 Monate anhält. Bei akuten myeloischen Leukämien mit nach biochemischen und zellkinetischen Parametern hohen Proliferationsraten erscheint der beschriebene Behandlungsplan erfolgversprechend.
    Notes: Summary By a plasma-concentration of hydroxy-urea (HU) higher than 0.5–2.2×10−4 M the DNA-synthesis in leukemic cells was blocked reversibly in 9 patients. The plasma half-time of HU varied between 120 and 198 min. To synchronize leukemic cell populations the DNS-synthesis was blocked over a period of 36 hours by maintaining the HU-concentration above the critical lower level. In a second phase-specific therapeutic step cytosine-arabinoside (AraC) was given 4 times in a dose of 1 mg/kg each. A recruitment after the application of AraC made more cells available for the next following synchronization step. 4 acute myeloblastic leukemias with high peripheral cell counts were treated according to this schedule. One patient is still in complete remission for now 14 month. This synchronization/recruitment schedule seems to be successful in acute myeloblastic leukemias with high proliferation rates measured by biochemical and cytokinetic methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01469126
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