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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 27 (1989), S. 127-130 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract When low frequency electrical stimulations were repeatedly applied to the rat midbrain reticular formation, the EEG spectral power recorded at the cortex and thalamus increased markedly, especially in the low frequency bands (0–6 Hz). The intraventricular administration of histamine (Hi) inhibited this increase. Hi-induced inhibition was antagonized by simultaneous injection of an equimolar dose of either pyrilamine or diphenhydramine, but not by that of cimetidine. In accordance with this, 2-methylHi decreased the power in the slow wave region, while 4-methylHi was not effective. It was assumed that the EEG arousal effect of Hi is exerted via H1 receptors but not related to H2 receptors. Adverse effects of H1 blockers on the brain, such as drowsiness, may be produced as a consequence of this inhibitory action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; end-stage renal disease ; dialysis ; neuropathy ; mortality ; Japan ; chronic glomerulonephritis ; vasculopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary According to a national survey of dialysis patients in Japan conducted by the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, there were 1,033 patients on dialysis in the Shiga area which has a population of about 1.2 million. Of these 1,033 dialysis patients 140 were the result of diabetic nephropathy. From four hospitals affiliated to Shiga University of Medical Science the medical records of 90 diabetic subjects on dialysis therapy were reviewed and various clinical parameters were analysed and compared with those of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Since only one patient had Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes, the remaining 89 with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes were used for this study. The significantly different variables between patients with Type 2 diabetes and chronic glomerulonephritis were age (60.4 vs 54.6 years,p〈0.05), BMI (22.4 vs 20.6 kg/m2,p〈0.001), cardiothoracic ratio (56.4 vs 53.3%,p〈0.001), mean blood pressure (110 vs 117 mm Hg,p〈0.05), serum creatinine (9.0 vs 11.5 mg/dl,p〈0.001), serum urea-N (98.2 vs 115.5 mg/dl,p〈0.001), serum total protein (6.0 vs 6.5 g/dl,p〈0.001) and serum albumin (3.5 vs. 3.9 g/dl,p〈0.001). Serum levels of cholesterol and triglyceride were not significantly different between two groups, though the prevalence of electrocardiogram abnormalities, oedema, neuropathy, myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular diseases was significantly higher in the Type 2 diabetic group. These results suggested that Type 2 diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease were older, more malnurished, fluid overloaded and multi-morbid as a result of vasculopathy and neuropathy. However, the analysis of causes of death in Type 2 diabetic patients (n=24) and patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (n=26) failed to provide evidence of higher risk of cardiac death in the Type 2 diabetic group compared to the group with chronic glomerulonephritis (37.5 vs 34.6%, NS). In the Type 2 diabetic patients on dialysis therapy, malnutrition, fluid overload and neuropathy appeared to be significant factors influencing the outcome of the therapy, while in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, age and vascular morbidities were considered to be major risk factors for the prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microsystem technologies 5 (1999), S. 157-160 
    ISSN: 1432-1858
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The study deals with the manufacture of diffraction grating by applying the ultraprecision microgrooving technology. Microgrooving is performed by the use of a lathe-type ultraprecision milling machine having 1 nm positioning accuracy, together with a rotating diamond cutter. As an example of microgroove, a diffraction grating with 32 768 V-shaped grooves is fabricated in a pitch of 1 μm and a depth of 0.5 μm around the circumference of copper disk of 12 mm in diameter. The high-speed rotating cutter allows the microgrooves to be sharply machined without burrs and accumulative pitch errors, taking account of cutting order. The surface roughness of machined grooves is 1 nm (Ra), which experimentally shows good optical properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Vitamin K deficiency ; Intracranial haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Throughout Japan a total of 543 cases of vitamin K deficiency occurring in infants over 2 weeks of age were reported from January 1981 to June 1985. Of these cases, 427 showed no obvious reasons for vitamin K deficiency; this sort of case is known as “idiopathic vitamin K deficiency in infancy”. Another 57 cases had bleeding episodes due to vitamin K deficiency associated with obvious hepatobiliary lesions, chronic diarrhoea, long-term antibiotic therapy, etc; this sort is called “secondary vitamin K deficiency in infacy”. The third group, consisting of 59 cases, was made up of the socalled “near miss” type, in which a haemorrhagic tendency, without any obvious clinical haemorrhage, was discovered by Normotest, at the time of mass screening in most cases. In the idiopathic group, 269 cases (63.0%) developed bleeding episodes between the 1st and 2nd months of age, and 387 cases (90.0%) were entirely breast-fed. Intracranial baemorrhage was observed in 353 cases (82.7%) of this group. Moreover, slight elevation of serum transaminase and direct type bilirubin levels were observed in the idiopathic group. Liver dysfunction of unknown origin may play some role in the onset of vitamin K deficiency in infancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Microsurgical anatomy ; ophthalmic artery origin ; carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm ; contralateral pterional approach
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The supraclinoid segments of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and their surrounding structures were examined under magnification in 25 adult cadavers. Attention was paid to anatomical variations and relationships concerning ipsilateral and contralateral pterional microsurgical approaches to these regions, especially to the origin of the ophthalmic artery. Eighty-four percent of the ophthalmic arteries arose from the supraclinoid segment of the ICA. In the ipsilateral pterional approach, mobilization of the ipsilateral optic nerve was required to see the origin of the ipsilateral ophthalmic artery and the medial aspect of the proximal portion of the supraclinoid segment of the ICA. In the contralateral pterional approach, on the other hand, these areas on the contralateral side could be identified under the optic nerve with minimal or without retraction of the contralateral optic nerve. This was because 71% of the ophthalmic arteries arose from the supero-medial aspect of the ICA, and because there was nothing to intercept the view of the medial aspect of the ICA under the optic nerve. This study supports the usefulness of the contralateral pterional approach to the origin of the ophthalmic artery and the medial aspect of the supraclinoid segment of the ICA. This approach could be useful in certain cases of carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm. The authors' experience with the contralateral pterional approach to carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms is also described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 241 (1971), S. 42-48 
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 196 (1993), S. 134-140 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 203 (1994), S. 1821-1827 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Inorganica Chimica Acta 30 (1978), S. 127-130 
    ISSN: 0020-1693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Inorganica Chimica Acta 203 (1993), S. 61-65 
    ISSN: 0020-1693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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