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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mycobacteremia in AIDS patients (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 717-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: AIDS ; Mycobacteremia ; Blood culture ; M. tuberculosis ; M. avium ; M. intracellulare
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The importance of blood cultures in diagnosing disseminated mycobacteriosis in AIDS patients was evaluated. Blood samples were screened for mycobacteria by culture and microscopic techniques. Mycobacteremia was proven in 20/136 (14.7%) AIDS patients, the agent being M. avium-M. intracellulare (MAI) in 16 cases and M. tuberculosis in four cases. The rate of cases with positive blood samples in disseminated MAI infection was 59.3% (16/27 cases) and in disseminated tuberculosis 57.1% (4/7 cases). To detect mycobacteria buffy-coat was slightly superior to lysated cell pellets, obtained by a lysis-centrifugation technique. In 4/16 cases with MAI bacteremia, the agent was proven by positive blood smears for acid-fast bacilli only; in these four patients MAI was demonstrated at other body sites. These results illustrate the diagnostic role of blood culture and its use in early diagnosis of disseminated mycobacteriosis, with microscopic examination of blood smears being an important adjunct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721290
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined and alternating ganciclovir and foscarnet in acute and maintenance therapy of human immunodeficiency virus-related cytomegalovirus encephalitis refractory to ganciclovir alone (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 456-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: HIV infection ; Cytomegalovirus encephalitis ; Treatment ; Foscarnet ; Ganciclovir
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes life-threatening disseminated infections and in particular vision-threatening infections of the retina in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ganciclovir currently represents the most frequently used therapy for CMV retinitis. However, cases of ganciclovir-resistant CMV strains have been described, in which foscarnet seems to be an effective alternative. Both drugs have serious toxicities, and relapses frequently occur during maintenance therapy. In a patient with CMV encephalitis, we administered a 3-week combination ganciclovir/foscarnet induction therapy (ganciclovir 5 mg/kg every 12 h; foscarnet 60 mg/kg every 8 h), followed by an alternating maintenance administration of both drugs every other day (ganciclovir 5 mg/kg, foscarnet 120 mg/kg) to reduce toxicity and resistance. This regimen was tolerated well and seemed to be more effective than ganciclovir alone in a patient with CMV encephalitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235533
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effectiveness of the macrolide clarithromycin in the treatment ofMycobacterium avium complex infection in HIV-infected patients (1992)
    Springer
    Infection 20 (1992), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Neun AIDS-Patienten mit disseminierterMycobacterium avium complex (MAC)-Infektion wurden in einer randomisierten Doppelblind-Studie mit Clarithromycin oder Plazebo behandelt, die zu einer Basiskombination aus Isoniazid, Ethambutol und Clofazimine hinzugegeben wurden. Alle vier mit Clarithromycin behandelten Patienten sprachen auf die Therapie an. Von fünf ohne Clarithromycin behandelten Patienten sprachen zwei auf die Therapie an, während zwei andere ohne Therapieeffekt verstarben. Ein Patient verschlechterte sich kontinuierlich, bis der Austausch von Plazebo gegen Clarithromycin zur Blutkultur-Konversion und Rückbildung von Krankheitserscheinungen führte. Nach einer sechswöchigen Akuttherapie-Phase erhielten alle Patienten Clarithromycin in einer offenen Studie zur Rezidiv-Prophylaxe, zunächst in Kombination mit Rifabutin für 24 Wochen und anschließend als Monotherapie. Ein Patient hatte ein Rezidiv der MAC-Infektion, das in der Monotherapie-Phase auftrat und mit einer erworbenen Resistenz gegen das Medikament assoziiert war. Clarithromycin ist eine vielversprechende Substanz für ein Kombinationsregime zur Behandlung der MAC-Infektion. Eine Monotherapie kann zur Resistenz-Entwicklung führen.
    Notes: Summary In a randomized double-blind study, nine mycobacteremic patients with AIDS-related disseminatedMycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection received clarithromycin or placebo in addition to a basic regimen that included isoniazid, ethambutol and clofazimine. All four patients receiving clarithromycin showed blood culture conversion and clinical response. Of the five patients treated without clarithromycin, two showed resolution of mycobacteremia and clinical reponse, while another two died without having shown response. The remaining patient deteriorated until a switch from placebo to clarithromycin led to blood culture conversion and rapid clinical improvement. After finishing six weeks of intensive treatment, clarithromycin was given in an open maintenance phase to all patients, initially in combination with rifabutin for 24 weeks and then alone. One patient had a relapse of MAC infection while receiving clarithromycin alone. The relapse was associated with acquired resistance to the drug. Clarithromycin appears to be a promising component of multi-drug therapy for patients with MAC infection. Monotherapy can lead to drug resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01710792
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tuberculosis and HIV infection: A review (1997)
    Springer
    Infection 25 (1997), S. 274-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720396
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant lymphomas in HIV-seropositive patients. Frequency, features, and prognosis. Report on 31 cases (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 679-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: HIV infection ; AIDS-related malignant lymphoma ; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ; Hodgkin lymphoma ; Frequency ; Treatment ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a random HIV-seropositive population, malignant lymphomas were diagnosed in 31 patients, of whom 24 (77%) had non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 7 (23%) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The prevalence of NHL among AIDS patients was 8% (23/279 cases), with a prevalence of 17% among autopsied patients (16/96 cases). No patient with HL had AIDS at the time of diagnosis. In 7 of 23 AIDS patients with NHL (30%) the diagnosis was made only post mortem; among these were all 5 patients with primary CNS NHL. Median survival from the time of diagnosis was 1 month for patients with NHL and 3 months for those with HL. In individual patients, survival for several years may be possible with chemotherapy. Certain patients with NHL appear to benefit from intensive chemotherapy with a combination of methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (MACOPB protocol). Appropriate, therapeutic strategies taking into account the patients' individual conditions, including the overall prognosis, urgently requires development. Metastatic CNS involvement, which was the primary cause of death in 5 of 11 patients with NHL (45%) receiving chemotherapy, represents a serious limitation to successful treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01649436
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gruppenerkrankung bei der Anwendung von Äthylenglykolmonomethyläther als Lösemittel in einer Druckerei (1959)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 17 (1959), S. 243-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es werden vier Erkrankungen aus einer Druckerei beschrieben, in welcher Methylglykol (= Äthylenglykolmonomethyläther) als Lösemittel für Anilinfarben im Vierfarbendruck verwendet wurde. Die beobachteten Erkrankungssymptome werden mit den bisher bekannt gewordenen gewerblichen Erkrankungen durch Methylglykol verglichen, die in Hemdenfabriken bei der Herstellung von Hemdenkragen unter Anwendung von Hitze entstanden waren. Der Ersatz des Methylglykols durch das weniger giftige Äthylglykol ist zu empfehlen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00577383
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficacy of pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine in the prevention of toxoplasmic encephalitis relapses andPneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 12 (1993), S. 325-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The efficacy and safety of 25 mg pyrimethamine plus 500 mg sulfadoxine given twice a week in preventing relapses of AIDS-related toxoplasmic encephalitis was evaluated in an open study. The 56 HIV-infected patients evaluated had responded to intensive treatment with pyrimethamine/clindamycin prior to starting the present prophylactic regimen. Four patients (7 %) experienced relapse while on pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine. The probability of freedom from relapse was 〉90 % for 12 months and 〉80 % for 24 months. Side effects comprised mild or moderate allergic reactions which occurred in 23 patients (41 %), leading to discontinuation in four patients (7%). Forty-nine of the 56 patients did not have a history ofPneumocystis carinii pneumonia and did not receive antiparasitic prophylaxis other than pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine; two of them (4 %) developed pneumocystosis. The probability of freedom from pneumocystosis was about 90 % for 24 months. Pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine twice a week appears to be a promising regimen for prevention of toxoplasmic encephalitis, and also appears to provide protection againstPneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Although allergic reactions are usually mild and disappear on continuation, they may limit the value of this regimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01964427
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atomic states of lithium by the beam-foil technique in the spectral range 400–1900 Å (1975)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 273 (1975), S. 331-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract 6Li+-ions accelerated electrostatically to energies of 200–390 keV are electronically excited by the beam-foil technique. The emitted light is analyzed with a Seya-Namioka VUV monochromator in the wavelength range 400–1900 å. All Li II and Li III lines known from theory — in one case emitted by an=9 level — are detected, several of them for the first time. Lifetimes of 20 Li II levels, some not measured previously, are determined after correction for cascades. The accuracy of the experimental values for several lifetimes is better than that of theoretical predictions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01435575
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Messung von Lebensdauern und relativen Besetzungszahlen angeregter Zustände des Wasserstoffatoms mit der Methode der Ionenstrahlspektroskopie (1971)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 246 (1971), S. 239-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract H 2 + ions or protons, accelerated to energies between 80 and 300 keV, are sent through a thin carbon target. Light emitted by the excited atoms moving out of the foil with a definite velocity is analyzed using interference filters and a cooled photomultiplier. Intensities of theH α,H β, andH γ lines are measured as functions of the distance from the foil. The data is analyzed with a computer program, which yields (in agreement with theory) mean lives of the hydrogen atom excited states involved, and the relative initial state populations of states belonging to the same principal quantum number. There is no indication of cascading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01395362
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatal legionellosis in patients with malignant hematologic diseases (1988)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 56 (1988), S. 27-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Legionellosis ; Pneumonia ; Immunosuppression ; Malignant hematologic diseases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pneumonia was present in 70/157 (44.6%) autopsied patients with malignant hematologic diseases. In 16/70 patients (22.9%), legionellae were found to be the causative agents by screening lung tissue specimens with the direct fluorescent antibody method. In 5/16 patients with Legionella pneumonia, in whom legionellosis had been suspected clinically, the diagnosis had already been established by serology, urinary Legionella antigen detection, and culture. These results provide evidence that legionellosis is an important pneumonia etiology in patients with malignant hematological diseases. Thus, Legionella diagnostics should be applied routinely, and antibiotics effective in the treatment of legionellosis should be added to the usual therapy in patients with etiologically unexplained pneumonias. In view of the common occurrence of relapses of Legionella pneumonia, antibiotic therapy should be continued for an extended period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00321056
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