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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 53 (1975), S. 617-622 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Tissue damage ; enzyme elimination ; enzyme tests ; Gewebsschädigungen ; Enzymelimination ; Enzymtests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Adenylatkinasen, kleine organspezifische Isoenzyme, die nach Zellschädigungen im Serum nachweisbar sind, werden teilweise durch die Niere eliminiert. Bei der Ratte erschienen nach Applikation von 3000 Enzymeinheiten14C-markierter Adenylatkinase (AK) innerhalb von 7 min etwa 50% cer Enzym- und der Radioaktivität im Urin. 2. Beim Menschen erfolgt die Elimination von AK aus dem Plasma in zwei Phasen, einer schnelleren (Halbwertszeit 16 min) und einer langsameren (Halbwertszeit 160 min). Ein Teil der in Selbstversuchen injizierten Enzymaktivität ließ sich in wenigen Minuten im Urin nachweisen. Die potentielle Bedeutung von AK-Bestimmungen in Urin und Plasma für die Früh-und Rezidivdiagnostik des Herzinfarkts wird diskutiert. — Am Beispiel verschiedener Skeletmuskelerkrankungen werden Möglichkeiten gezeigt, die extrem rasche Elimination von AK aus dem Serum für Verlaufskontrollen auszunutzen. 3. Der kompetitive Inhibitor Diadenosinpentaphosphat (AP5A) hat eine sehr viel höhere Affinität zu den Adenylatkinasen aus Erythrocyten, Herz- und Skeletmuskel als zu den Isoenzymen aus Leber und Niere. AP5A kann deshalb zur Differentialbestimmung von Adenylatkinase-Isoenzymen im Plasma oder im Urin verwendet werden.
    Notes: Summary Adenylate kinases, small organ-specific isoenzymes which appear after tissue damage in the blood plasma are partly eliminated via the kidney. After intravenous administration of 3000 enzyme units of14C-labelled adenylate kinase to rats, about 50% of the enzyme and of the radioactivity are found in the urine within 7 minutes. The elimination of adenylate kinase from the serum occurs in two phases, a faster (half-life 16 minutes) and a slower (half-life 160 minutes). After intravenous administration of adenylate kinase to humans, a part of the activity was recovered in the urine within minutes. The potential use of assaying adenylate kinase levels for early diagnosis of myocardial infarction is discussed. Using various skeletal muscle diseases as examples, the possible use of the very rapid elimination of adenylate kinase from the serum in monitoring the course of the acute illnesses is described. The competitive inhibitor diadenosine pentaphosphate (AP5A) has a much higher affinity for the adenylate kinases from erythrocytes, heart or skeletal muscle than for the isoenzymes from liver or kidney. Therefore, AP5A can be used for the differential determination of adenylate kinase isoenzymes in the blood plasma or the urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 273 (1978), S. 120-124 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The three-dimensional structure of the dimeric flavoenzyme glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes has been elucidated by an X-ray diffraction analysis at 0.3 nm resolution. The polypeptide chain has been traced, and the binding positions of FAD, NADP and glutathione have been determined. A ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 120-123 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A combination of X-ray data at 3 Å resolution and sequence results has yielded the atomic structure of adenyl kinase, a ubiquitous enzyme which catalyses the phosphorylation of AMP by ATP. The abundant secondary structures of the protein and the probable binding sites for ATP and AMP are ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 142-144 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The most important structural feature of adenyl kinase is its central five-stranded parallel pleated sheet2; therefore, we shall only discuss proteins containing a similar motif. Central parallel sheets with more than three strands are present in subtilisin8?10, flavodoxin11,12, and various ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 102 (1994), S. 389-395 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of oxidative stress resulting from production of reactive oxygen species and/or from suppression of the cellular antioxidant capacity in parasitic infections is shortly reviewed. The experimental part of the paper deals with the glutathione (GSH) — glutathione reductase (GR) system, a cornerstone of intracellular antioxidant defence mechanisms. For studying this system in parasitic diseases such as malaria new or modified methods are required. Total glutathione comprising GSH and glutathione disulphide (GSSG) in blood samples was assayed as follows. One volume of blood (≥10 μl) is mixed with two volumes of 5% sulphosalicylic acid; after centrifugation (5 min, 10000 g), 10 μl of supernatant is taken for spectrophotometric analysis using the 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate) (DTNB)-glutathione recycling assay. When compared with the original method, the procedure reported here is more sensitive, less time-consuming, avoids unfavourable pH-values and leads to a sample which when frozen is stable for months. In a pilot study, the method was applied to 14 patients suffering from malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The concentrations of erythrocyte glutathione were significantly decreased in the patients (1.42±0.47 mM, mean±SD) when compared to age- and sex-matched controls (2.11±0.45 mM, P〈0.01). The findings are contrasted with P. falciparum cultures in vitro where glutathione levels are known to be elevated. Based on the characteristics of GR a concept of determining the redox state of single cells is introduced. Microcrystals of the enzyme are expected to be suitable indicators for the intracellular redox potential since the dithiol-disulphide interconversion at the enzyme's active site is associated with a change in colour. Here we describe a simple overlay technique for crystallizing recombinant human glutathione reductase. This procedure may also be applicable to the crystallization of other proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 4 (1970), S. 165-176 
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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