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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial mutants of hydrogenomonas lacking poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (1970)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 26 (1970), S. 554-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mutanten eines Bodenbakteriums (Hydrogenomonas H 16), welche Poly-β-hydroxybuttersäure-Granula nicht zu synthetisieren und anzuhäufen vermögen, wurden isoliert. Anreicherungs- und Selektionsverfahren zur Isolierung solcher Mutanten werden beschrieben und die physiologischen Eigenschaften der isolierten Mutanten charakterisiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01898510
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16 (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 125-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16 ; Anthranilate synthase ; Aromatic amino acid biosynthesis ; regulation of
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Properties and regulation of anthranilate synthase from Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16 were investigated. Anthranilate synthase was partially purified from crude extracts by affinity chromatography on tryptophan-substituted Sepharose, and was used for kinetic measurements. During the purification procedure the enzyme was stabilized by 50 mM l-glutamine or during chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-200 with 30% glycerol, respectively. The glutamine dependent activity of anthranilate synthase was examined; it showed little change between pH 8.4 and pH 9.1. The Arrhenius plot was broken and the activation energy, δH, calculated therefrom amounted to 8.9 kcal/mole up to 30°C and 5.5 kcal/mole at higher temperatures. The molecular weight determined by gelfiltration on Sephadex G-200 and by sucrose density gradient centrifugation resulted in 158000 and 126000, respectively. The K m -values for the two substrates chorismate and glutamine were found to be 5 μM and 560 μM, respectively. Anthranilate synthase was strongly inhibited by l-tryptophan; the only amino acid that affected enzyme activity. Homotropic interactions for chorismate (Hill coefficient n=1.4) were obtained in the presence of l-tryptophan. 50% inhibition were caused by 10 μM l-tryptophan at 100 μM chorismate. The inhibition with respect to l-glutamine was noncompetitive. Anthranilate synthase was not associated to phosphoribosyl transferase and easily separable from the latter by different chromatographic methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446831
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enrichment and isolation of nitrogen fixing hydrogen bacteria (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Hydrogen bacteria ; Corynebacterium autotrophicum ; N2-Fixation ; 15N2-Incorporation ; Specific enrichment culture ; Acetylene reduction ; Coryneform bacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An enrichment method for nitrogen fixing hydrogen bacteria is described. The procedure invariably resulted in the isolation of yellow-pigmented coryneform bacterial strains assigned to Corynebacterium autotrophicum. The procedure included a serial transfer in an ammonium-free mineral liquid medium under an atmosphere of 10% hydrogen, 5% oxygen, 10% carbon dioxide and 75% nitrogen, followed by a short alkali treatment and by streaking on nutrient broth-succinate agar. The ability to fix nitrogen was confirmed by the acetylene reduction test and by 15N2 incorporation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446833
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Isopropylmalate synthase from Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16 (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 114 (1977), S. 203-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Hydrogen bacteria ; Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16 ; Leucine biosynthesis ; α-isopropylmalate synthase ; Regulation ; Feedback inhibition ; Relief of inhibition by valine and isoleucine ; Inhibition by α-ketoisocaproate ; Temperature anomaly
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The α-isopropylmalate synthase (EC 4.1.3.12) from Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16 was inhibited by l-leucine and α-ketoisocaproate. The extent of inhibition was influenced by substrate- and inhibitor concentrations as well as by the pH. Intermediary plateaus, which always appeared in the inhibition curves, suggested cooperative effects. The maximal Hill coefficient was found to be two. At low concentrations of leucine the inhibition mechanism was of the competitive type with respect to substrate acetyl coenzyme A and of the noncompetitive type with respect to substrate α-ketoisovalerate. The inhibition was specifically relieved by the addition of valine or isoleucine. The anomalous effect of temperature on enzyme activity was diminished by leucine. The Arrhenius energy of the reaction increased from about 11 kcal/mole in the absence of leucine to about 18 kcal/mole in the presence of leucine. The further addition of valine reversed this effect. The physiological relevance of the α-ketoisocaproate-mediated inhibition is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446863
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micromorphology of Gram-negative hydrogen bacteria (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 114 (1977), S. 101-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Micromorphology ; Gram-negative ; Hydrogen bacteria ; Cell envelope ; Cytoplasmic inclusions ; Membranes ; Mesosomes ; Glycogen ; Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate ; Cell wall types
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fine structure of the cell envelope, of membrane systems and of cytoplasmic inclusions of Gram-negative aerobic hydrogen bacteria has been studied. The results have been tabulated, and three main groups could be recognized: Group 1: Alcaligenes eutrophus, A. paradoxus, A. ruhlandii, Pseudomonas facilis, P. flava, P. pseudoflava, P. palleronii, and Aquaspirillum autotrophicum; Group 2: “Corynebacterium” autotrophicum and strains MA 2 and SA 35; Group 3: Paracoccus denitrificans. Special structures related to the chemoautotrophic way of life of the hydrogen bacteria were not observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410770
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological characterization of the hydrogen bacterium Aquaspirillum autotrophicum (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 116 (1978), S. 221-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Aquaspirillum autotrophicum ; Hydrogen bacterium ; Growth ; Chemolithoautotrophy ; Particulate hydrogenase ; Induction ; Repression ; Natural habitats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aquaspirillum autrotrophicum, an aerobic hydrogen bacterium recently isolated from an eutrophic freshwater lake, was characterized physiologically. It grew autotrophically in a fermenter with a doubling time of 4 h. Heterotrophic growth was faster. pH-Optimum ranged from 5.0–7.5, temperature optimum was about 28° C. During autotrophic growth about 10 moles hydrogen were consumed per 1 mole carbon dioxide fixed. Hydrogenase activity is inducible. CO2 did not enhance the oxy-hydrogen reaction by intact cells. The hydrogenase activity was localized in the particulate fraction. The hydrogenase reduced methylene blue and phenazine methosulfate; pyridine nucleotides were not reduced. In cell-free extracts, hydrogenase was sensitive to oxygen. Ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase was present in autotrophically-grown cells and absent from heterotrophically grown cells. Hydrogenase induction in heterotrophically-grown cells followed parabolic kinetics. Oxygen and D-gluconate repressed hydrogenase synthesis, whereas citrate, DL-lactate and pyruvate stimulated its formation. The repressive effect was delayed. The results suggest that the control of hydrogenase synthesis occurred at the transcriptional level, and that mRNA coding for the hydrogenase had a relatively long life span. D-Gluconate was degraded via the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, the enzymes of which were constitutively formed. Enzymes of the pentosephosphate and Embden-Meyerhof pathways (except phosphofructokinase) were present, too. Hydrogen did not inhibit heterotrophic growth. The possible competitive advantage of the physiological properties described with regard to the natural habitat was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417843
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    R-Bodies in newly isolated free-living hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria (1979)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 121 (1979), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: R-Bodies ; Kappa particles ; Free-living hydrogen bacteria ; Induction ; Electron microscopy ; Chemical composition ; Defective prophages ; Plasmids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract R-Bodies have been found in a recently isolated pseudomonas-like free-living hydrogen oxidizing bacterium. Their isolation, fine structure and chemical composition are described and compared with the R-bodies from the kappa particles (Caedobacter), obligate endosymbionts of Paramecium aurelia. The 2K 1 R-bodies exhibited essential characteristics of the kappa R-bodies; however, their size and some other structural aspects proved that they represent a new type of R-bodies. The presence of phage tail-like particles in cells induced with Mitomycin C is in favour of the hypothesis that the R-bodies might be coded by defective prophages, or by extrachromosomal elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00409199
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen fixation by the hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Alcaligenes latus (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 129 (1981), S. 254-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Alcaligenes latus ; Hydrogen bacterium ; Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid ; Nitrogenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The aerobic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Alcaligenes latus represented by three strains was found to be able to grow with dinitrogen as the sole nitrogen source: The doubling time of total (Kjeldahl) nitrogen during growth on glucose at 30°C under an atmosphere containing 2% (v/v) oxygen in dinitrogen amounted to 39 h, while that in the presence of ammonium was 3 h. Nitrogen fixation did apparently not occur under air. During diazotrophic growth the cells accumulated up to 75% (w/dry weight) poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid. The efficiency of nitrogen fixation varied between 10 and 15 mg N per g glucose utilized. The specific nitrogenase activity measured in the acetylene reduction assay amounted to 5–17 nmol C2H4 formed per min and mg protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425261
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taxonomic studies on some gram-positive coryneform hydrogen bacteria (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 100 (1974), S. 207-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Coryneform Hydrogen Bacteria ; Taxonomical Classification ; Corynebacterium autotrophicum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Recently isolated coryneform hydrogen bacteria were investigated under taxonomical aspects. Strains 7 C, RH 10, and 14 g are characterized by the snapping type of cell division, 68.5 to 69.7% GC content, dl-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall, content of metachromatic granules, weak utilization of sugars and inhibitory effect of citrate. The strains are placed to the group 1—genus Corynebacterium—of the classification of coryneform bacteria of Yamada and Komagata (1972) and the name Corynebacterium autotrophicum sp.nov. is proposed. Strains 11 X and RH 12 are characterized by the bending type of cell division, a GC content of 70.2 and 70.5%, ll-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall, absence of metachromatic granules, utilization of several sugars and no changes in cell morphology by citrate. The strains have to be placed to group 6 of coryneform bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446318
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    100 Bände “Archiv für Mikrobiologie” (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 100 (1974), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446301
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