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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation cortison- und strahlenresistenter Mäuselymphocyten in vitro durch Phythämagglutinin-P (PHA), Pokeweed Mitogen (PWM) und Concanavalin (Con A) (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 51 (1973), S. 1026-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Lymphocyte transformation ; hydrocortisone treatment ; whole-body irradiation ; Lymphocytentransformation ; Hydrocortison-Therapie Ganzkörperbestrahlung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Hydrocortisonbehandlung und Ganzkörperbestrahlung führen bei C57 Bl-Mäusen zu einer starken Reduktion der Zellzahlen in Thymus und Milz. Die resistenten Zellpopulationen sind durch PHA, PWM und Con A deutlich besser stimulierbar als Milz- und Thymuszellen unbehandelter Mäuse, wobei die mitogene Wirkung der getesteten Substanzen sehr unterschiedlich ist. Die Ergebnisse stützen die Annahme, daß cortison- und strahlenresistente Zellpopulationen die immunkompetenten Zellen enthalten.
    Notes: Summary Hydrocortisone treatment as well as wholebody irradiation cause marked cellular depletion in thymus and spleen from C57 Bl mice. The resistant cell populations were found to respond better to PHA, PWM and Con A than spleen- and thymus-cell populations of untreated mice. Great differences in reactivity in the various cell populations to the three mitogens were observed. The results support the hypothesis that the immunological competent cells are among the cortisone-resistant as well as among the radioresistant cell populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01468297
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase in normal human skeletal muscle and in muscle of patients with carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency by long- and short-chain acylcarnitine and acyl-coenzyme A (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 763-769 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency ; Metabolic myopathy ; Acetyl-coenzyme A ; Acetylcarnitine ; Palmitoyl-coenzyme A ; Palmitoylcarnitine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The inhibition of total carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) by short- and long-chain acylcarnitine and acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) was studied in muscle homogenates of normal controls and of five new patients with CPT deficiency using the isotope forward assay. Acetylcarnitine inhibited neither normal CPT activity nor the CPT of patients. d,l-Palmitoylcarnitine almost completely inhibited CPT in patients but only 55% of normal activity. In controls the CPT fraction sensitive to inhibition by palmitoylcarnitine appeared to be identical with the fraction sensitive to inhibition by malonyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA, which probably represents CPT II. The abnormal inhibition of CPT by palmitoylcarnitine was more likely due to product inhibition than to a detergent effect. Acetyl-CoA concentrations up to 0.4 mM and palmitoyl-CoA above optimal substrate concentrations up to 0.3 mM both inhibited normal CPT by about 25%, whereas the CPT of patients was significantly more inhibited by both substances than was normal CPT. The inhibition by acetyl-CoA was probably due to the structural relationship with malonyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA. The abnormal inhibition of CPT in patients by palmitoyl-CoA was due either to an abnormal substrate inhibition or to a detergent effect on CPT II similar to that of Triton X-100. The data indicate that in CPT deficiency total CPT activity is normal under optimal assay conditions. CPT II, however, is abnormally inhibited by fatty acid metabolites that accumulate during fasting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00190315
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einige Untersuchungen über die Wirkung verschiedener Antiseptica auf gereinigte Diphtherievaccine (1942)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 123 (1942), S. 643-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung der Versuchsergebnisse „Merthiolat”, Phenol und Glycerin schwächen das Diphtherieanatoxin nicht. Die Wirkung der beiden ersten wurde auch an Anatoxinen untersucht, die Al(OH)3 enthielten; auch in diesem Falle ließ sich eine zerstörende Wirkung nicht nachweisen. Da aber „Merthiolat” die stärksten bactericiden Eigenschaften aufweist, haben wir für die Injektionsvaccine dieses Antisepticum gewählt. Für die Instillationsvaccine haben wir dagegen aus praktischen Gründen Glycerin vorgezogen, weil „Merthiolat” der Vaccine mit der Zeit einen ziemlich starken und unbehaglichen Geruch verleiht, wenn die Vaccine, wie dies der Fall ist, in Behältern mit Gummistöpseln aufbewahrt und versandt wird, deren Schwefelgehalt mit dem Quecksilber des „Merthiolats” eine übelriechende Verbindung eingeht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02177335
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of microbial populations in soil: Indigenous microorganisms degrading 2,4-dinitrophenol (1989)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 18 (1989), S. 285-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mineralization of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and changes in the DNP-mineralizing population over a wide range of DNP concentrations were monitored to evaluate the dynamics of the DNP-mineralizing populations in two soils (soils 1 and 2). Curves of CO2 evolution were analyzed using nonlinear regression analysis and models incorporating parameters for population size and growth rate. The results of these analyses were compared to independent estimates of the DNP-mineralizing population from most-probable-number (MPN) determinations. The combined results of these analyses showed that 0.1μg of DNP g−1 of soil was too low a concentration to support maintenance or growth of the DNP-mineralizing population, whereas all higher concentrations supported either maintenance or growth of the population in soil 1. Independent estimates of population size showed good agreement between the nonlinear regression and MPN techniques, especially at initial DNP concentrations below 100μg g−1. Estimates of both population size and maximum specific growth rate varied with concentration, possibly indicating the existence of two different DNP-mineralizing populations in soil 1. In the other soil tested (soil 2), the population of DNP-mineralizers was much lower than in the first soil, and no evidence of two populations was obtained. In soil 2, good agreement between the nonlinear regression and MPN estimates of population size was also obtained. Results of this study demonstrate the power of using testable models of population dynamics to obtain useful estimates of parameters of microbial growth and survival in soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02075815
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of bacteria and microflagellates in sequencing batch reactors exhibiting enhanced mineralization of toxic organic chemicals (1992)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 23 (1992), S. 127-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Community level interactions were studied in non-axenic sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) being used to treat 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP). Increasing the influent DNP concentrations from 1 to 10 µg ml−1 eliminated large predatory organisms such as rotifers and ciliated protozoa from the SBRs. Under steady-state conditions at a DNP concentration of 10 µg ml−1, supplemental additions of glucose enhanced DNP degradation and led to the establishment of a microbial community consisting of five species of bacteria and a variety of microflagellates. The bacteria and flagellates exhibited oscillating population dynamics in this system, possibly indicating predator-prey interactions between these two groups. Only two of the five bacteria isolated from this system could utilize glucose as a growth substrate, and one of these two species was the only organism that could mineralize DNP in the system. The other three bacteria could grow using metabolic by-products of one of the glucose-utilizing strains (Bacillus cereus) found in the reactors. Supplemental glucose additions increased the average size of bacterial floc particles to 172 µm, compared with 41 µm in SBRs not receiving glucose. It is theorized that the enhanced mineralization of DNP in this non-axenic system was attributable to increased community interactions resulting in increased bacterial flocculation in SBRs receiving supplemental glucose additions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172635
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    German Maternal Phenylketonuria Study (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. S173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Phenylketonuria ; Maternal phenylketonuria ; Phenylalanine ; Pregnancy outcome ; Phenylalanine restricted diet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The German maternal phenylketonuria (MPKU) Study began in 1989 and since 1992 works together with the American-Canadian MPKU Study. Main goals of the study are: (1) to find women with phenylketonuria (PKU) and mild untreated hyperphenylalaninaemia (HPA); (2) to inform them about the risks of an untreated pregnancy with PKU and HPA; (3) to evaluate the efficacy of the phenylalanine (Phe) restricted dietary treatment prior to and during pregnancy by following the physical and cognitive development of offspring from treated pregnancies. An interim report of the study is presented. Until now, 43 pregnancies have been followed. They resulted in 34 live births, 24 from women with PKU and 10 from women with HPA. There are significant negative correlations between the gestational age in which the dietary control (blood Phe level 〈 360 μmol/l) was reached and pregnancy outcome as measured by growth parameters and early cognitive and motor developmental quotients at the age of 2 years. For minimizing risks of MPKU, preconceptional dietary control is strongly recommended. Tracking and timely information of young women about risks of MPKU is of outmost importance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014241
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of low-dose atenolol on postural and postprandial changes in heart rate, blood pressure, venous plasma catecholamines, and plasma renin activity (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 121-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: atenolol ; food intake ; catecholamines ; plasma renin activity ; blood pressure ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The administration of a single dose of atenolol 50 mg 1 h before a standard 3100 kJ cold meal in fasting healthy subjects reduced the supine preprandial heart rate and systolic blood pressure, and blunted the postural and postprandial rises in mean heart rate and systolic blood pressure relative to placebo. It did not affect the preprandial supine diastolic blood pressure, nor the postural rise and postprandial drop in diastolic blood pressure. Preprandial administration of atenolol blunted the postural and postprandial rises in mean plasma renin activity, and it enhanced the rise in plasma noradrenaline during eating in the sitting position, and the postprandial concentrations of noradrenaline. The findings do not permit the conclusion that beta1-adrenergic stimulation was the predminant cause of these atenolol-responsive changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558218
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy of shock-compressed liquid oxygen (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 6765-6771 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vibrational spectra of liquid oxygen, shock compressed to several high-pressure/high-temperature states, were obtained using single-pulse multiplex coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (CARS). The experimental spectra were compared to synthetic spectra calculated using a semiclassical model for the CARS intensities and best fit vibrational frequencies, peak Raman susceptibilities, and Raman linewidths. Up to the maximum shock pressure of 9.6 GPa, the vibrational frequencies were found to increase monotonically with pressure. An empirical fit, which could be used as a pressure/temperature/frequency calibration standard, showed that the Raman frequency shifts could be accurately described by linear pressure and temperature dependences. Above ≈9 GPa, the liquid oxygen opacity at 632.8 nm increased rapidly, presumably because of proximity (collision)-induced absorption. Calculations showed that the induced absorption did not resonantly enhance the CARS spectra, but did attenuate the laser beams and the CARS signals. The measured linewidths suggest that the vibrational dephasing time decreased to approximately 1 ps at the highest pressures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457345
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy of shock-compressed liquid nitrogen (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 1368-1376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vibrational spectra of liquid nitrogen shock compressed to several high pressure/high temperature states were recorded using single-pulse multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Vibrational frequencies, third-order susceptibility ratios, and linewidths are presented for the fundamental and several excited-state transitions. Vibrational frequencies were found to increase monotonically up to (approximate)17.5 GPa single shock and (approximate)30 GPa double shock. Above these pressures, the vibrational frequencies were observed to decrease with further increases in pressure. The decrease in vibrational frequency occurs in a pressure regime where the shocked nitrogen is becoming optically opaque. The consequence of the decrease in vibrational frequency on the Grüneisen mode gamma and its effect on the N2 equation of state is discussed. The transition intensity and linewidth data suggest that thermal equilibrium of the vibrational levels is attained in less than 10 ns at these high pressures and temperatures. Finally, the measured linewidths exhibit an almost linear dependence on shock temperature, and also suggest that the vibrational dephasing time has decreased to less than 1 ps at the highest pressures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456079
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption Behavior of Mechanically Mixed and Freeze-Dried NaCl/Casein Mixtures (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 57 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Adsorption isotherms of mechanically mixed and freeze-dried mixtures of NaCl/casein at solute percentages of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 (wet basis) were obtained over the aw range 0.23–0.927 at 20°C. Experimental isotherm values were compared to those calculated by a mass balance equation. The mechanically mixed samples sorbed additively as predicted by the mass balance equation below 0.755 aw, whereas the freeze-dried mixtures sorbed more water than predicted (positive interaction) below 0.755 aw, Both types of mixtures sorbed less water than predicted by the mass balance equation (negative interaction) above the saturation aw of the NaCl, 0.755.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb05524.x
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