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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Search for delayed α-decay of high spin isomers in heavy-ion induced fusion reactions (1981)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 301 (1981), S. 349-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A search forα-decay of high spin isomers in the mass range 140〈A〈200 is reported. Fusion reactions with beams of132Xe and50Ti have been used to provide high velocity recoils with angular momenta beyond 50ℏ. Recoil distance experiments sensitive to half lives longer than 10 ps and shorter than about 1 ns have been performed for 31 different compound nuclei. Within a sensitivity of 1–30μb per event no delayedα-emission has been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01421700
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reaction238U +238U at 7.42MeV/u (1979)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 292 (1979), S. 171-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract One-particle-inclusive measurements have been performed for the charge, kinetic energy and angular distributions of reaction products from238U +238U at 1 766MeV (7.42MeV/u) incident energy. The deep inelastic products exhibit features similar to those seen in reactions induced by medium heavy nuclei: increasing particle transfer is observed with increasing energy damping, the angular distributions are peaked near the grazing angle, they broaden significantly with increasing energy loss and/or charge transfer. The dominant reaction mechanism, however, is found to be sequential fission of one or both primary reaction products. The reconstructed primaryZ- andQ-value distributions show more particle transfer at a given energy loss than in other systems, i.e. the diffusion process seems to proceed colder in this system. This is confirmed by relatively large cross sections for surviving deep inelastic reaction products belowZ=92. A direct search forα-decay or fission of superheavy nuclei being produced in a deep inelastic reaction and being implanted in a surface barrier detector resulted in an upper cross section limit of 2 ×10−32cm2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01441624
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for element 109 from one correlated decay sequence following the fusion of58Fe with209Bi (1984)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 315 (1984), S. 145-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An experiment to synthesize element 109 is presented. Decay patterns characteristic of complete fusion products were searched for in an irradiation of209Bi targets with58Fe projectiles at specific incident energies of 4.95, 5.05, and 5.15 MeV/u. A total dose of 7 ×1017 particles was obtained. The experimental method involves in-flight separation of forward peaked reaction products with a static-field velocity filter, their passage through a time-of-flight device and their final implantation into position sensitive solid state detectors to measure their kinetic energy, approximate mass and their time and position of incidence. The subsequent decay of the narrowly localised reaction products by cascades of alpha particles and/or spontaneous fission is also registered in terms of the energies and times of all the emitted particles. One outstanding decay sequence that started with the emission of two alpha particles within subsequent time intervals of 5 ms and 22 ms and ended with spontaneous fission after 13 s was found at 5.15 MeV/u. The first alpha particle had a kinetic energy of (11.10±0.04) MeV. A detailed analysis of all the alternative interpretations of this observation, such as a purely random correlation of signals, the decay of a product from a transfer reaction or of any of the various energetically possible evaporation residues, shows that the isotope with mass 266 of element 109, i.e. the one neutron evaporation channel after complete fusion, is the statistically most significant assignment. The outlook for new element synthesis is also briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01419373
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-nucleon transfer reactions induced by16O on14C (1975)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 275 (1975), S. 249-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Angular distributions of the proton and neutron transfer reactions14C(16O,15N)15N and14C(16O,17O)13C leading to the ground states of the final nuclei were measured atE lab=20, 25 and 30 MeV. A DWBA analysis was performed using the no-recoil approximation of Buttle and Goldfarb. All angular distributions, including the pronounced structures of the proton transfer arising from the fact that the final nuclei are identical, are well reproduced. The spectroscopic factor for the neutron transfer is in agreement with shell model calculations whereas the proton transfer into aj 〈-state yields a value which is too high. Exact finite-range calculations do not show this discrepancy, indicating that recoil effects are important even for light targets and lower energies. Contributions of the nonnormall-transfer, however, are small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01409292
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the influence of shell effects in nuclear level densities on the decay of the compound nucleus58Ni (1979)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 290 (1979), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mass andZ-distributions of fusion products from the reaction 5.8 MeV/u46Ti+12C were measured in the angular range betweenθ lab=1.5° and 8° using a time-of-flightΔE−E telescope. The results are compared with an earlier measurement of the reaction32 S+26Mg, in which the same compound nucleus was produced at higher excitation energy. The residual nuclide distributions are interpreted with the aid of evaporation calculations and the influence of shell effects in the level densities is discussed. The data are consistent with the assumption that the shell effects vanish above 15 to 20 MeV excitation energy, that is, that they are essentially only important for the last evaporation step.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01408111
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fast-fission component with small mass drift in the reaction84Kr+27Al atE lab=5.9 MeV/u (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 322 (1985), S. 309-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Lm ; 25.70.Jj
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract All reaction products in the range from target- and projectile-like to fission-like fragments were measured for the system84Kr+27Al at 5.9 MeV/u beam energy. They are assigned to the various reaction mechanisms on the basis of experimental signatures (energy dissipation, mass and angular distribution). The sum of the measured partial cross sections, including the evaporation residue yield obtained previously, agrees with the total reaction cross section derived from elastic scattering. A small fast-fission component was found, discernible from deep-inelastic reactions by its 1/sin θ angular distribution, and distinguished from compound-nucleus fission by an incomplete mass asymmetry relaxation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411896
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle emission in central nuclear collisions between48Ti und45Sc at 16 MeV/u (1987)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 327 (1987), S. 101-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Jj
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Protons and α-particles were measured in coincidence with fusion residues for the reaction48Ti+45Sc at 16 MeV/u beam energy. Their velocity distributions show a drastic broadening to higher as well as to lower velocities as compared to the calculated equilibrium emission pattern. This is interpreted as a kinematical effect of variations of the initial velocity of the emitting system, which are attributed to the preequilibrium emission of heavier clusters from the projectile or the target nucleus in incomplete fusion processes. The measured widths of the velocity distributions of the fusion residues are consistent with this mechanism. A peak in the product mass spectrum at masses between 6 and 18 is tentatively identified with the postulated cluster emission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01295255
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reaction mechanism in the system132Xe+56Fe at 5.73 MeV/u: Evidence for a new type of strongly damped collisions (1978)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 288 (1978), S. 391-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present data for the132Xe+56Fe-system at 5.73 MeV/u laboratory energy. Due to inverted kinematics, where Xe is the projectile, we were able to measure energy spectra as well as angular distributions for reaction products with 20≦Z≦60 with unitZ-resolution; i.e. target- and projectile-like fragments have been investigated. The reaction shows a well focussed quasielastic component, where charge transfer from the light to the heavy collision partner dominates. This apparent tendency towards more asymmetric fragmentation is explained by a potential energy surface which favours such charge transfer in order to minimize the asymmetry energy of the liquid drop. The strongly damped component which constitutes the major part of the reaction cross section exhibits characteristics of a fusion-fission reaction with typical fission fragment kinetic energies and 1/sinΘ c.m. angular distributions. The maximum cross section is found for the symmetric fragmentation, no clear indication is observed for a diffusion process leading to target- and projectile-like fragments. Our data are difficult to reconcile either with the standard diffusion models or with an equilibrated compound nucleus fission picture. We tentatively conclude that an essential part of the fully damped cross section originates from partial waves for which the compound nucleus has no fission barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01417723
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of one correlatedα-decay in the reaction58Fe on209Bi→267109 (1982)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 309 (1982), S. 89-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420157
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The new isotopes258105,257105,254Lr and253Lr (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 322 (1985), S. 557-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e ; 25.85. Ca ; 25.70. Jj ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Evaporation residues from the heavy-ion fusion reaction50Ti on209Bi were investigated. They were separated from the projectile beam by the velocity filter SHIP and identified after implantation into an array of position-sensitive surface-barrier detectors by analyzing theirα-decay chains. Spontaneous fission was also observed. Four newα emitters,258105 (T1/2=4.4 −0.6 +0.9 s),257105 (T1/2= 1.4 −0.3 +0.6 s),254Lr (T 1/2= 13 −2 +3 s), and253Lr (T 1/2=1.3 −0.3 +0.6 s) could be identified. For the isotope257105 we obtained a spontaneous-fission branch of about 20%. A spontaneous-fission activity with a halflife comparable to that for theα decay of258105 was explained as fission of258104, formed by electron capture from258105. An excitation function for evaporation-residue production was measured for bombarding energies in the range ofE CM=184.4 MeV toE CM=196.6 MeV. Nearly all evaporation residues we observed, could be attributed to the 1n and 2n deexcitation channels. The maximum cross sections wereσ(1n)=c/2.9±0.3) nbarn, andσ(2n)=c/2.1±0.8) nbarn, respectively. We could measure the total kinetic energy of the fission fragments of258104 to be TKE=(220±15) MeV, a value that fits into empirical systematics based on aZ 2/A 1/3 dependence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01415134
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