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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 30 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  p63, a member of the p53 gene family, is expressed in basal cells of several different organs.Methods:  The immunoreactivity of p63 was examined in normal human epidermis and epidermal appendages and their tumors, and compared with proliferative activity as evaluated by Ki-67.Results:  In normal skin, p63 expression was seen in basal/suprabasal cells of the epidermis, outer root sheath and hair matrix cells of the hair follicle, seboblast situated in the outermost layer of sebaceous glands, and outer layer cells of the ductal portion and myoepithelial cells of the secretory portion of the sweat glands. p63 expression was confined to the cells forming a continuous basal rim along the normal epithelial structure. In tumors, p63 expression resembled that in normal tissue in that tumor components originating from p63-positive cells were constantly positive for p63. In normal and tumor tissues, not all p63-positive cells were positive for Ki-67.Conclusions:  p63 expression may be a marker of basal/progenitor cells in tumors of epidermis and epidermal appendages, and may be a diagnostic marker of these tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 44 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Keratin ; Mammary neoplasms ; Mouse ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using immunoperoxidase staining of monoclonal antibody 312C8-1 against 51 000 dalton human keratin polypeptide, immunolocalization was observed in frozen sections of normal tissue and mammary tumours of adult female mice and rats. In normal tissue, the epitope was recognized in myoepithelial cells of the mammary, sweat and salivary glands, and in basal and suprabasal cells of the epidermis. However, the antibody did not react with luminal epithelial cells of the above glands or with mesenchymal cells. In spontaneous mammary tumours of mice, marker-positive tumour cells were distributed only in the outer layer of adenocarcinoma Type A, while they were scattered in some foci of adenocarcinoma Type B, and encircled the epithelial foci of pregnancy dependent tumours (plaque). All layers of epidermoid structures in adenoacanthoma revealed positivity. In rat mammary tumours induced by local dusting with 7, 12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) powder, the staining pattern of benign tumours was comparable to that of the normal mammary gland. But, in addition to basally situated cells, marker-positive tumour cells were found scattered in the foci of adenocarcinoma, and were not restricted to basal cells in squamous cell carcinoma. The marker was not found in sarcomatous tissue. This antibody can therefore also be applied to rodents, and the staining pattern can be used to identify the epithelial subclass specific marker in normal tissue and in mammary tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Shrew ; Suncus murinus ; Insectivora ; Esophageal carcinoma ; Ethanol ; MNNG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of ethanol (EtOH) on esophageal cell proliferation and the development of esophageal cancers induced byN-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in shrews were investigated. Sequential histological examination was done, and cell proliferation was assessed by BrdU labeling. At 5 weeks of age, animals were given tap water, 2% EtOH, 50 ppm MNNG, or 50 ppm MNNG plus 2%, 5% or 10% EtOH in the drinking water. Administration of 10% and 5% EtOH simultaneously with MNNG caused death in 40% (10/25) within 4 days and in 20% (6/30) within 7 days respectively, whereas other treatments were well tolerated with no sudden deaths. Administration of 2% EtOH for 30 weeks caused a 2-fold increase, and that of MNNG caused a 4.5-fold increase in the proliferation index of the basal cells of the esophagus compared with control shrews, and MNNG plus 2% EtOH caused a 5.5-fold increase. In MNNG-treated shrews, with or without 2% EtOH administration, sequential histological examination of esophageal tissue revealed a similar change; dysplasia appeared at 30 weeks of age, squamous cell carcinoma occurred at 35 weeks of age, and the depth of invasion extended to adventitia at 45 weeks of age. These finding indicate that treatment with 2% EtOH promoted the proliferation of esophageal basal cells but did not alter the tumor induction period and did not have tumor-promoting activity. EtOHper se was not carcinogenic; no tumors were seen in shrews not administered MNNG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Prostate cancer ; Luminal cell ; Basal cell ; Keratin ; Actin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunoreactivities in 25 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma and 10 normal/hyperplastic prostates were investigated in methacarn-fixed, paraffin-embedded serial sections using a panel of nine anti-keratin monoclonal antibodies (mAbs); 34β E12, CK8.12, 312C8-1, CK4.62, RPN1165, RPN1162, 35βH11, CK5, M20, and one of anti-actin mAb, HHF35. In normal/ hyperplastic prostates, RPN1162, 35βH11, CK5 and M20 stained luminal cells without staining basal cells, and 34βE12, CK8.12 and 312C8-1 stained basal cells but not luminal cells. Other mAbs, CK4.62 and RPN1165, stained basal cells as well as luminal cells. All of the mAbs labelling luminal cells stained cancer cells with variable frequencies in a manner unrelated to the grade of tumour differentiation. Of the prostate cancer cases 92% were scored positive with M20, 84% with 35βH11, 80% with CK5, 68% with CK4.62, 60% with RPN1165 and 4% with RPN1162. However, basal cell-specific keratins labelled with 34βE12, CK8.12 and 312C8-1 were totally negative in the cancer cells. HHF35 showed no labelling in normal, hyperplastic or neoplastic epithelial cells of the prostate. Our findings indicate that the major part of the cells of prostatic adenocarcinomas have keratin phenotypes similar to luminal cells but not basal cells, and that no myoepithelial differentiation can be detected in epithelial cell of the prostate. Thus, mAbs for keratins facilitate the identification of epithelial cell phenotypes in normal, benign and malignant conditions of the prostate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Shrew ; Suncus murinus ; Insectivora ; MNNG ; Esophageal carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Female 6-week-old shrews were given a solution ofN-methyl-N′-nitroN-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) at a concentration of 50 μg/ml or 100 μg/ml in the drinking water. All 11 shrews receiving 100 μg/ml MNNG died 8–13 days after the beginning of carcinogen administration and 6 of the 20 shrews receiving 50 μg/ml MNNG died after 10–54 days. When animals were between 43 and 54 weeks of age, multiple esophageal lesions were evoked in all 14 that had received 50 μg/ml MNNG for 30 weeks. All shrews developed a protruding, ulcerative, or superficial type of squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus, accompanied by papillomas. Local invasion was seen in squamous-cell carcinoma but no distant metastasis was noted. None of the 5 control shrews developed any esophageal abnormality. No gastric adenocarcinoma, intestinal sarcoma, or other tumors were induced with MNNG. It can be concluded that MNNG has a carcinogenic effect on shrew esophageal epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  · Background: The sequential retinal changes in Syrian golden hamsters induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) have not been studied. · Methods: Female hamsters received a single intraperitoneal injection of 90 mg/kg MNU at 50 days of age, and the retina was examined light and electron microscopically, immunohistochemically and by the TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method until 20 weeks after the treatment. · Results: The retinal changes were as follows: (1) Photoreceptor apoptosis occurred 1 day after the treatment and resulted in photoreceptor loss at day 7. During the degeneration, Müller cell proliferation was conspicuous at day 5. (2) After the photoreceptor cell loss, migration of the pigment epithelial cells in all layers of the retina which were in contact with blood vessels occurred. Due to the Müller cell proliferation, gliosis was prominent at the later stage. · Conclusions: The MNU injection caused photoreceptor apoptosis followed by pigment epithelial cell migration around the blood vessels, accompanied by gliosis. The primary event and the course of this disease closely resemble those of retinitis pigmentosa in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: telomere ; telomerase ; telomerase RNA ; esophageal cancer ; cell line ; differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The telomere and the telomerase in human esophageal cancer are not yet completely understood. The regulatory mechanism of telomerase activity and telomere dynamics has drawn considerable attention. It is generally assumed that when telomerase has been activated, no further telomere shortening should ensue; however, a much more complex pattern of telomere dynamics may exist in telomerase-positive cancer cells. A novel human esophageal cancer cell line (KAN-ES) was established and characterized. Using KAN-ES and its serially passaged subclones up to the 55th generation, we determined the alteration of telomere length (TRF), telomerase activity (TA), telomerase RNA expression (hTR), population doubling time, karyotype, and cytokeratin 14 expression during the process of establishing a cancer cell line. We found that the TRF was maintained between 4.0 and 5.0 kb during the serial passages, despite sustained high TA (assessed by an in vitro TRAP assay). No close relationships were found among TRF, TA, and hTR expression. TA and telomere dynamics were not associated with cellular growth ability and differentiation. However, the number of population doublings showed significant correlations with both the TA and doubling times. In conclusion, these dissociations between telomere dynamics and TA support the existence of additional controls on TRF in cancer cells. KAN-ES and its restored subclones should prove a valuable resourse for esophageal cancer research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2 ; MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA ; CARTILAGE ; OSSEOUS ; DIFFERENTIATION ; RT-PCR ; AUTOPSY
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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