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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric analysis of elastic skin fibres from patients with: cutis laxa, anetoderma, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, and Buschke–Ollendorff and Williams–Beuren syndromes (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Computed morphometric analysis of elastic skin fibres in patients with cutis laxa, anetoderma, Williams–Beuren syndrome, pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), and Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome, all clinically ascertained, was performed and compared with data obtained from healthy individuals of the same age. The diameters, area fractions (AA%) and volume fractions (VV%) occupied by pre-elastic fibres and dermal elastic fibres were determined. Irrespective of age the diameter of dermal elastic fibres followed a Gaussian distribution for all groups studied. These diameters were taken into consideration for VV% determinations. Compared with data from skin of healthy subjects of similar age range, VV% of pre-elastic fibres was significantly decreased in patients with cutis laxa, anetoderma, Williams–Beuren syndrome, and PXE and undetectable in Buschke–Ollendorff patients. VV% of dermal elastic fibres was four- to fivefold increased in Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome, two- to threefold increased in PXE skin, four- to fivefold decreased in cutis laxa and anetoderma skin and about twofold decreased in Williams–Beuren skin. The diameter of oxytalan fibres was decreased in anetoderma and Williams–Beuren syndrome while oxytalan fibre diameter was unchanged in PXE and cutis laxa. The diameter of dermal elastic fibres was increased in PXE and Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome, but was decreased in anetoderma and Williams–Beuren syndrome and unchanged in cutis laxa. We demonstrated that cutis laxa, anetoderma, Williams–Beuren syndrome, PXE, and Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome could be easily differentiated by morphometric analysis of elastic skin fibres. Thus we propose that morphometric analyses together with skin biopsies are a valuable tool for distinguishing between inherited and/or acquired skin diseases known to display alterations of elastic fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0926-9959.2001.00268.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Action of Urea Solutions on Unerupted and Erupted Teeth: An Investigation on Late Maturation of Human Enamel (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Gerodontology 3 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2358
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Replicas of unerupted and erupted human enamel submitted to protein-disrupting solutions showed: (1) an inequal distribution of porosities in the subsurface; (2) such porosities were restricted gradually in each enamel subunit (enamel segments limited by two perikymata). First the whole surface was covered by a network, reduced at a later stage to half of the surface and ultimately the porosities were present only in the perikymata. This paper confirms the occurrence of a late maturation at stage where cells are no longer active and details the time-dependent involution of these porosities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.1984.tb00419.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy in dental tissues : Visualization of glycosaminoglycans and phospholipids in the extracellular matrix
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Micron And Microscopica Acta 22 (1991), S. 43-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-6260
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0739-6260(91)90082-B
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclosporin A-induced alterations of dentinogenesis in rat molars (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 26 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cyclosporin A (CsA), a widely used immunosuppressive drug, induces gingival overgrowth and modifications of bone remodelling. The scope of this study was to investigate the possible effect of CsA on dentin. Thirty mg/kg/day of CsA were administered orally to male Sprague-Dawley rats for nineteen weeks. The same number of control rats received oil-based vehicle solution. Rats were anesthetized, and tissues were fixed by an intracardiac perfusion of fixative solution. Mandibles were dissected, demineralized, and processed for Epon embedding, Semi-thin sections of the first molars revealed alterations at the secondary dentin-pulp interface in four out of six experimental animals. The changes consisted of the formation of: 1) osteodentin spurs, in which the volume and interface with the secondary dentin varied from about 25,000 to 75.000 μm3 and from 1400 to 3530 μm2, respectively; 2) abnormally shaped and irregularly spaced incremental lines; and 3) numerous globular formations embedded in dentin or free in the pulp. These results indicate that CsA induces abnormal mineralized matrix formation in dentin and in the peripheral part of the pulp in rat molars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1997.tb00035.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [3H]Choline Uptake and Turnover into Membrane and Extracellular Matrix Phospholipids, Visualized by Radioautography in Rat Incisor Dentin and Enamel (1999)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 65 (1999), S. 66-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Phospholipids — Choline — Radioautography — Dentin — Enamel.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In order to study the uptake and fate of [3H]choline into cellular and extracellular phospholipids in the forming part of mandibular rat incisors, radioautography was carried out after treatment with the iodoplatinate reaction which retains phospholipids. Thirty minutes and 1 hour after the intravenous injection of the radiolabeled precursor, grain density in secretory odontoblasts and ameloblasts was not significantly above background labeling whereas dentin was actually labeled. Therefore, at this early period, odontoblasts cannot be responsible for the secretion of phospholipids incorporated into dentin, and intercellular diffusion of components originating from blood could explain this early dentin labeling. After 2 hours, odontoblasts and ameloblasts were labeled. In cells, grain density reached a maximum at 4 hours, reduced at 24 hours, and strongly decreased at 4 days. In predentin and enamel, grain density peaked at 24 hours and diminished at 4 days. However, in the forming enamel 4 days after the injection, labeling was twice as high as in any other compartment. Altogether, the results highlighted two distinct pathways for phospholipids in dental mineralized dental tissues: a first one shows evidence of early incorporation of [3H]choline into dentin resulting from intercellular diffusion independently from odontoblasts secretion, whereas inside the forming enamel, higher labeling and longer retention of choline-containing membrane components were detected between 4 hours and 4 days. This suggests an accumulation of membranes that are not subjected to rapid turnover in contrast with other dental compartments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900659
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodopolatinate visualization of phospholipids in rat incisor predentine and dentine, compared with malachite green aldehyde (1994)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 101 (1994), S. 63-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The iodoplatinate (IP) reaction, a selective method for visualization of phospholipids, was applied to the predentine and dentine of rat incisors and compared with malachite green aldehyde (MG) fixation/staining. Spot tests indicated (1) that IP specifically stains phospholipids, but not amino acids, displaying as do phospholipids, quaternary ammonium groups; and (2) phosphatidylserine and sphingomyelin were also stained by MGA. Although this reagent is known to interact with phosphorus, phosphoproteins remained unstained. In the rat incisor, an IP-positive network including granules and thin filaments was seen in predentine in the inter-collagen spaces, in many cases closely associated with collagen fibres and their periodic striations. In dentine, positively stained needle-like structures were located along individual collagen fibres, or at the surface of groups of collagen fibres. This staining pattern was unchanged on sections of material pretreated with acetone, whereas the staining was abolished or markedly reduced when the samples were treated either with chloroform/methanol or phospholipase C prior to the IP reaction. Pretreatment of the samples with hyaluronidase promoted subsequent diffusion of the staining. A very similar staining pattern was observed with MGA, in accordance with earlier reports. The present findings validate the histochemical results reported previously on the distribution and potential role(s) of phospholipids in dentine biomineralization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315833
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological study of amelogenesis in the rat lower incisor after thyro-parathyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy and thyroidectomy (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 283 (1995), S. 151-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Thyro-parathyroidectomy ; Parathyroidectomy ; Enamel formation ; Light microscopy ; Electron microscopy ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The effects of thyro-parathyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy or thyroidectomy upon enamel formation in the rat incisor were studied. One control group and four groups of surgically treated rats were used: parathyroid autotransplanted, thyroidectomized, parathyroidectomized, and thyro-parathyroidectomized. One month after surgery, the incisors were processed for light and electron microscopy. The present study revealed perturbations of the Tomes’ process morphology, of the rod pattern in the inner enamel formation, of the enamel surface, and of the mineralization after thyro-parathyroidectomy. After parathyroidectomy, only mineralization defects could be visualised. No effects were observed in enamel after thyroidectomy. A severe hypocalcemic state as seen in thyro-parathyroidectomized rats affects the enamel shape, and mineralization, and the morphology and function of secretory ameloblasts. Knowledge of the way in which the alteration of the enamel surface is produced should contribute to a better understanding of the development of tooth enamel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050523
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural variations of different oral basement membranes revealed by cationic dyes and detergent added to aldehyde fixative solution (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 24 (1992), S. 375-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural appearance of different types of basement membrane was studied using histochemical methods for visualizing glycosaminoglycans. Samples of rat gingiva and mouse molar germ tissue were fixed either with glutaraldehyde, glutaraldehyde-ruthenium hexammine trichloride (RHT), glutaraldehyde-Cuprolinic Blue (CB) or cetylpyridinium chloride-glutaraldehyde (CPC). Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The results showed that the conventional trilaminar structure of the basement membrane was observed after glutaraldehyde and CB fixation. In contrast, after CPC or RHT fixation, the appearance of the basement membrane was homogeneous without any evidence of a lamina lucida. Furthermore, after single fixation with CPC, the ultrastructure of different basement membranes from oral tissues showed some differences in appearance which were related to their localizations, functions, or both.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01046170
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential staining of glycosaminoglycans in the predentine and dentine of rat incisor using Cuprolinic Blue at various magnesium chloride concentrations (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 24 (1992), S. 648-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rat incisors were fixed with a solution of 0.05% Cuprolinic Blue and 2.5% glutaraldehyde in the presence of various concentrations of MgCl2 according to the critical electrolyte concentration (CEC) principle. This method allows glycosaminoglycans (GAG) to be properly preserved and visualized. Small granules were stained by the cationic dye in the predentine in the absence of MgCl2. These granules grew in size and became more electron-dense when the concentration of the electrolyte was increased. Larger ribbon-like structures and granules were seen when 0.3M MgCl2 was used. In the dentine, tiny dots in close association with the surface of the collagen fibres, or their periodic striations, were positively stained. A thick electron-dense band located on the dentine side at the predentine-dentine junction was seen both with and without 0.05 M MgCl2. With higher concentrations of the electrolyte (0.1–0.3 M), this band was reduced to a very thin line located at the border of the dentine, along with mineralizing collagen fibres. This demonstrated the presence of GAG at the dentine surface and therefore indicated that GAG may play a role as nucleator agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01047585
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cuprolinic Blue visualization of cytosolic and membrane-associated glycosaminoglycans in the rat junctional epithelium and gingival epithelia (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 26 (1994), S. 213-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The gingiva of rat molars was studied at the light microscope level using glutaraldehyde as fixative, Cuprolinic Blue for visualizing polyanionic glycosaminoglycans and the autometallographic technique for enhancing the copper signal of the cationic dye. The polyanions were located inside the epithelial cells in the junctional epithelium, whereas a network located along either the plasma membrane or the intercellular spaces, or both, of the gingival oral epithelium and sulcular oral epithelium was evident with autometallography. In these cases, positive staining was limited to the basal and spinous layers, the granular and keratinized layers being unstained. With the transmission electron microscope, electron-dense aggregates were seen in the gingival lamina propria, in the basement membrane and along the plasma membrane of the keratinocytes of the basal and spinous layers of the gingival and sulcular oral epithelia. In the junctional epithelium, Cuprolinic Blue-positive granules, 25 nm in diameter, were seen in the cytoplasm. Together with some vesicles containing electron-dense material, they may account for the staining process noted after autometallography. When the ultra-thin sections were digested with bovine testicular hyaluronidase, the staining was abolished. This indicates that glycosaminoglycans were primarily responsible for the staining pattern visualized with these methods. In the junctional epithelium, the cytosolic location of the 25 nm granules reflects either transcellular transfer between the plasma membrane and the nucleus or accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in this group of keratinocytes. The glycoconjugates located inside vesicles or vacuoles are related to endocytosis and lysosomal degradation. Interstitial glycosaminoglycans seen in the two types of oral epithelium may play a role in the diffusion of water and nutriments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00166102
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