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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Megasonic Single Wafer Cleaning Technology to LSI Mass Production Line (2001)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 76-77 (Jan. 2001), p. 241-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/26/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.76-77.241.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early stages in the reorganization of dissociated embryonic chick skeletal muscle cells (1972)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 138 (1972), S. 255-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Myogenesis ; Cell surface material ; Cell contact ; Culture ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cell surface material and contact specializations were observed in embryonic chick skeletal muscle cells at early stages (prior to fusion) in monolayer culture. Ruthenium red-staining surface material was largely absent after prior treatment with trypsin. During reorganization into a tissue pattern dense staining amorphous material was seen at the cell surfaces and in the extracellular spaces of clustered cells; the free surface material was clumped, that between the cells more compact. This material appeared to be mucopolysaccharide and could be involved in adhesion. Numerous close junctions (intercellular space, 25–100 Å), as well as occasional focal tight junctions (no apparent intercellular space), were observed between apposed cells. These junctions semmed related to cellular adhesion and perhaps also to electrical coupling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00520706
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin and development of the epicardium in the mouse embryo (1987)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 176 (1987), S. 183-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Epicardium ; Development ; Heart ; Mouse embryo ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The formation of the epicardium was investigated in the mouse embryo using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to establish a three-dimensional perspective concerning epicardial development in mammals. The epicardium first appears as aggregates of cells scattered on the caudal surface of the ventricle and atria where these regions face the septum transversum in a 9-day-old embryo. These aggregated cells seem to have originated from the mesothelial projections extending from the surface of the septum transversum. Then, the cells of each aggregate flatten, subsequently fusing with each other to form a continuous sheet of epicardium. The fusion of aggregates proceeds in a cranial direction. Finally, the bulbus cordis and truncus arteriosus become invested by migrating cells at the cranial end of the epicardial sheet about 11 days after fertilization. The present observations are discussed in comparison with those made previously in avian embryos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310051
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of perpendicular giant magnetoresistance of Fe/Si superlattices (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 495-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The superlattices Fe/Si exhibit an antiferromagnetic coupling for very thin Si layers and giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed accompanying this coupling. The GMR for these superlattices measured with a current in the plane of the sample (CIP-GMR) is usually less than 0.2%. Considering a shunt effect due to large resistivity of Si layers, we measured the GMR with a current perpendicular to the sample plane (CPP-GMR). The thickness and width of the electrodes for the CPP measurement were carefully designed so that the current is always homogeneous in the sample. As a result, CPP-GMR for these superlattices is found to be about 3–6 times larger than CIP-GMR. Although a careful design of the electrodes is needed for homogeneity of the current, the technique is much easier than the CPP measurement for metal/metal superlattices and expected to provide valuable information on the spin-dependent electron transport phenomena in the Fe/Si superlattices. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120767
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α″-Fe16N2 phase epitaxially grown by sputter beam method : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5250-5252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial Fe-N films have been grown on Fe or Ag (001) single-crystal underlayers by the sputter beam method. The Fe-N films on both underlayers have a bct structure (α′-martensite), whose lattice is elongated along the [001] direction by nitrogen atoms located in octahedral interstices of α-Fe. These films possess well-defined crystal orientation and exhibit a higher saturation magnetization (4πMs) than that of α-Fe for a certain range of various nitrogen content. Postannealing promotes ordering of nitrogen atoms in the bct lattice, resulting in precipitation of a metastable α″-Fe16N2 phase in Fe-N films. The 4πMs of the annealed samples tends to increase with the increase of the α″ volume fraction, and the Fe-N film with 4πMs of about 25 kG contains 26–33 vol% α″ phase. While both Fe and Ag underlayers can promote epitaxial growth of the Fe-N films, very fast ordering of nitrogen atoms and easily decomposed α″-Fe16N2 have been observed in the sample on a Ag underlayer. This fact leads to the fact that the ordering rate and the stability of α″-Fe16N2 are very sensitive to its crystal quality. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361301
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Widespread requirement for Hedgehog ligand stimulation in growth of digestive tract tumours (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 425 (2003), S. 846-851 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway by sporadic mutations or in familial conditions such as Gorlin's syndrome is associated with tumorigenesis in skin, the cerebellum and skeletal muscle. Here we show that a wide range of digestive tract tumours, including most of those ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01972
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isotropic soft magnetic properties of CoFeAlCu films with (111) orientation (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1625-1629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dynamic behavior of the magnetization for (111)-oriented films with cubic crystalline structures has been studied theoretically, and the permeability for such textured films has been confirmed to be isotropic. Meanwhile, Co-rich CoFeAlCu films with high saturation magnetization (4πMs=15.8 kG) and low magnetostriction (λs=1.3×10−6), prepared by the dc sputtering method, are found to exhibit perfect fcc (111) orientation with grain size of about 400 A(ring). A fairly good isotropic magnetic softness has been attained for CoFeAlCu films with Zr underlayers even in the as-sputtered state with Hc of about 1.5 Oe in every measuring direction. After annealing in a rotating magnetic field at 380 °C for 2 h, the magnetic softness is further improved with Hc as low as 0.85 Oe, and the permeability is isotropic in the film plane and as high as 500–600. The perfect (111) orientation of the CoFeAlCu films leads to the isotropic softness, which is consistent with the theoretical prediction. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361006
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial permeability of composite-anisotropy multilayer films (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 2395-2398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Initial permeabilities of composite-anisotropy multilayer films were theoretically investigated. Calculation based on the Landau–Lifshitz relation predicts that the dipole-dipole coupling between the magnetic layers works in favor of Ku (in-plane uniaxial anisotropy) in each magnetic layer and that the initial permeability increases gradually as the spacer increases in thickness along with the gradual decrease of the resonance frequency. This calculation indicates that the dipole-dipole interaction suppresses fluctuation of the initial permeability caused by thermal change of Ku. These predictions are in agreement with the experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357587
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brillouin scattering determination of magnetic and elastic constants in Invar-type La(FexAl1−x)13 amorphous alloy films (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1733-1738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic and elastic constants of Invar-type La(FexAl1−x)13 amorphous alloy films (x=0.8–0.95) have been determined by Brillouin scattering at 290 K. Observation of the well-defined standing spin waves up to fourth order allowed us to determine the spin wave stiffness at T/Tc∼0.76, as 63±10 meV A2 for the x=0.8 alloy film. Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio as a function of the Fe concentration x have been determined from the surface phase velocities of the Rayleigh and Sezawa waves. Here E(x)=1.08−0.93(1−x)1012 dyn/cm2 for Young's modulus and σ(x)=0.34±0.2 for Poisson's ratio have been obtained through numerical analyses for the surface acoustic wave dispersions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356363
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle size effects and surface anisotropy in Fe-based granular films (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 2184-2188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Structure and magnetic properties of Fe/SiO2 and Fe/Al2O3 granular films were studied in the particle size (d) range of 1–50 nm. The coercivity (Hc) shows a maximum around 600 Oe at the particle size dm(approximate)18 nm, and then decreases in the larger particle size range for both Fe/SiO2 and Fe/Al2O3 systems at room temperature. A relation of coercivity, particle size, and temperature was built by using the Néel–Brown theory and the Stoner–Wohlfarth model basically. The experimental results were successfully fitted by assuming that the α-Fe particles possess uniaxial surface anisotropy Ks(approximate)0.4 erg/cm2. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368281
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