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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 71.25.Hc ; 74.72.Hs ; 79.60.Bm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Core-level X-ray photoelectron-diffraction patterns have been measured from cleaved Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (001) surfaces for all elements present in this compound. The incommensurate modulation alongb ([010]) leads to a strong inequivalence ofa- andb-directions for Bi, Sr and Cu photoelectrons, while Ca and O emission show less effect. Ultraviolet-photoemission experiments recording the emission intensity at the Fermi energy over a large solid angle are also presented, providing a direct mapping of the Fermi surface. Ac(2×2) superstructure is observed on the Fermi surface suggesting antiferromagnetic correlations within the Cu−O planes. The effects of the lattice modulation are clearly observable at the Fermi energy, and they are enhanced for binding energies higher than a few tens of meV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) ; hyponatremia ; subarachnoid haemorrhage ; cerebral salt wasting syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Measurement of plasma alpha-humanANP (ANP) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in 28 cases with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) was carried out, and then compared with control subjects who were infused with hypertonic saline. In cases with hyponatremia (HN), statistical correlation between control subjects and cases without HN was not evident with regards to ANP and plasma osmolality (Posm), excreted fraction of filtrated sodium (FENa) and urinary Na/K. Furthermore, they secreted supernumerarilly in spite of HN. Cases with HN were further subdivided into two groups, they were those cases with negative total sodium balance at the time of appearance of HN, and those cases without total negative sodium balance. In the former, central venous pressure had a tendency to decrease, however, secretion of ANP and ADH was statistically not different in either groups. It appears that ANP regulated urinary sodium excretion against an osmotic or sodium load acts as a maintenance of homeostasis as an osmotic regulator. Cases with HN in which secretion of ADH was physiological, ANP secreted supernumerarilly in spite of hypoosmonaemia and hypovolaemia. Our findings may contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes leading to hyponatremia in cases with cerebral disorders, and may help to improve the treatment possibilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Intracranial aneurysm ; subarachnoid haemorrhage ; cerebrospinal fluid ; lactic acidosis ; cisternal drainage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cisternal and/or ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and arterial blood lactate and acid-base balance were measured serially in 38 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Based on daily clinical assessment, the patients and accordingly the samples were divided into two groups according to the grading of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (W.F.N.S.). In cisternal CSF, samples of Grade III–V showed significantly higher lactic acidosis than those of Grade I–II. The time course of lactate and pH in poor prognosis groups had a significant tendency of lactic acidosis, especially on the 5th, 6th, 7th day after SAH. Ventricular CSF lactate increased even without CSF acidosis in Groups III–V. Measurement of CSF lactate, especially from the cisterna magna is useful as an indicator of prognosis and changes of intracranial environment following SAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 129 (1994), S. 171-176 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral blood flow ; glycerol ; normal pressure hydrocephalus ; shunt surgery ; xenon enhanced computerized tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cerebral haemodynamics were measured in 22 adult patients with secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) before and after glycerol administration to determine which patients might benefit from a shunt procedure. Of these 22 patients, 14 were found to be shunt-responsive (group 1) and 8 were shunt-unresponsive (group 2). Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was performed by xenon-enhanced computerized tomography (XeCT). Clinical factors such as the Evans' index and the presence or absence of brain atrophy, periventricular lucency (PVL), ventricular reflux, stagnation of cerebrospinal fluid on cisternography, and increased intracranial pressure were not statistically significant predictors of shunt responsiveness. Preoperative rCBF values did not differ between groups 1 and 2. The rCBF value in every cerebral region of group 1 patients increased significantly after shunting except for the basal ganglia. On preoperative rCBF measurement, all rCBF values in group 1 significantly increased after glycerol administration except for the periventricular lucency (PVL). Patients in group 2, however, lacked such an increase in rCBF. We therefore propose that, in patients with secondary NPH, shunt surgery will be likely to be effective in those with a demonstrated rise in rCBF after glycerol administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 1050-1056 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Dehydration therapy ; early surgery ; patients management ; severe subarachnoid haemorrhage ; vasospasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We prospectively analysed treatment results in patients with severe subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) who underwent early aneurysm surgery, and were managed by dehydration therapy. We studied a total of 31 patients with poor-grade SAH including 18 in grade IV, and 13 in grade V according to the WFNS classification system. Patients who were older than 70 years of age, or those with an intracerebral haemorrhage or absent brainstem response were excluded from this study. At surgery, clot evacuation from the peribrainstem cisterns with/without external decompression was performed following obliteration of the aneurysmal neck. In the early postoperative period, patients were maintained in negative water balance using osmotic diuretics. When delayed ischaemic deficits had manifested themselves, the pulmonary wedge pressure and/or central venous pressure was immediately increased by the rapid injection of albumin until hypovolaemia reverted to normovolaemia with the continuous administration of dobutamine. The outcome at 3 months was good recovery in 16 (52%) patients, moderate disability in 3 (10%), severe disability in 5 (16%), a vegetative state in 1 (3%), and death in 6 (19%). We thought that early aneurysm surgery and postoperative dehydration therapy in the acute stages of brain oedema resulting from primary brain damage are effective in the treatment of patients with severe SAH but reversilbe primary brain damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : We investigated the inactivation and injury effects of hydrostatic pressure treatment combined with a slow decompression (SD treatment) and a rapid decompression (RD treatment) on several vegetative bacterial strains. Single decompression time for the SD and RD treatments was longer than 30 s and about 1 ms, respectively. The RD treatment gave significantly (P 〈 0.05) smaller D and z values than the SD treatment, showing that the RD treatment was more effective than the SD treatment in inactivating vegetative bacteria and in lowering the treatment pressure. It was suggested that a rapid decompression procedure could enhance the degree of pressure-mediated injury, which caused the higher bactericidal effect of the RD treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 66 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The volatile compounds of sweetened condensed milk (SCM) were investigated to explain their contribution to SCM flavor. Commercially processed SCM was diluted with water and the volatiles were isolated by simultaneous steam distillation-extraction under reduced pressure. Commercial liquid milk was used for comparison. The odor concentrate was analyzed by GC and GC-MS, and then fractionated by silica gel TLC and preparative GC to determine the contributors to SCM flavor. Major volatile compounds were 10 fatty acids, 14 lactones, 10 ketones, 13 hydrocarbons, 8 alcohols, 4 aldehydes, and 8 miscellaneous compounds. δ-Decalactone and δ-dodecalactone were the principal contributors to SCM flavor although the other lactones may contribute as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 63 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The application of microbubbles of pressured CO2 greatly increased CO2 concentration in the solution treated. By treatment at 6 MPa, 35°C and average residence time 15 min, L. brevis was completely inactivated at the level of dissolved CO2,γ≧ 11 (γ, Kuenen's gas absorption coefficient). E. coli and S. cerevisiae required γ≧ 17, and T. versatilis required γ≧ 21 for complete inactivation. Z. rouxii could be sterilized at 20 MPa and 26. A comparison of the continuous and batch method showed that L. brevis was inactivated completely under pressured CO2 〉 0.16 g/cm3 with the continuous method and 〉0.9 g/cm3 with the batch method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Continuous method with microbubbles of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was applied to enzyme inactivation in a buffer system, which has a buffer capacity similar to commercial liquid foods (natural juices, fruit drinks, Japanese sake). By continuous treatment with microbubbles of SC-CO2, α-amylase and acid protease were effectively inactivated rather than by heat treatments. Compared with the inactivation efficiencies of these enzymes in deionized water by continuous treatment with microbubbles of SC-CO2, that of α-amylase was slightly lower, but that of acid protease was not in the buffer system. These results suggest that this method enables the effective inactivation of enzymes, although inactivation efficiency by this method was affected by initial pH and the buffer action of samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Enzyme inactivation using a new apparatus for continuous treatment with microbubbles supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was investigated. D value of a-amylase (5.0±1.2 min) subjected to microbubbles of SC-CO2 treatment (microbubbles-SCT) at 35 °C, 30 MPa was lower than that (227 ± 15.9 min) subjected to heat treatment (HT) at 70 °C. D value of acid protease was reduced by microbubbles-SCT at 50 °C, 30 MPa (15.4 ± 4.1 min), compared to HT at 50 °C (233 ± 15.2 min). The activation energy for the inactivation of acid protease (135 ± 8.3 kJ mol-1) by microbubbles-SCT was 1 half of that (259 ± 9.0 kJ mol-1) by HT. These results indicated that continuous treatment with microbubbles of SC-CO2 was effective for enzyme inactivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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