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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    The @Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 42 (1992), S. 569-574 
    ISSN: 0960-0760
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 53 (1977), S. 209-219 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The defective step of a temperature-sensitive mutant of western equine encephalitis virus, which synthesize viral RNA but not mature virus at the restrictive temperature, was studied. Cells infected with the mutant virus at the restrictive temperature synthesized the same intracellular viral RNA as that in wild type infection. Cells infected with the mutant at the restrictive temperature formed three proteins (E1, E2 and C) which migrated to positions identical with those of purified virions and a precursor protein of E2 (PE2). The mutant virus was also able to form cytoplasmic nucleocapsids sedimenting at 140S as in the case of wild type infection. On the other hand, cells infected with the mutant could not induce a significant amount of hemadsorbing ability and the ability induced at the permissive temperature disappeared immediately after shifting up to the restrictive temperature. These results suggested that the mutant virus produced a defective envelope protein responsible for hemagglutination at the restrictive temperature. Owing to the incompleteness of the modification of the cell plasma membrane by the envelope proteins, viral nucleocapsids in the mutant infected cells could not bind to the plasma membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) ; Carcinoma of the uterine cervix ; Histologic type ; Carcinogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is not only a mediator in major immunologic reactions but also a growth factor of keratinocytes. We studied the IL-6 secretion in vitro of 15 human cell lines derived from both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. Four of the eight well differentiated SCC secreted a large amount (〉 1500 pg/48 h/106 cells) of IL-6 in nude mice. In contrast, poorly differentiated SCC cell lines and all of the 7 adenocarcinoma cell lines secreted a small amount (〈 500 pg/48 h/106 cells of IL-6). The expression of IL-6 mRNA of the cell lines correlated well with their IL-6 secretion potential. However, the expression of IL-6 receptor did not correlate with the IL-6 secretory potential. We also studied the IL-6 secretion of freshly isolated normal squamous epithelium and of dysplastic epithelium. In culture, two normal squamous epithelia secreted a large amount (〉 2000 pg/48 h/106 cells), whereas 8 dysplasia epithelia secreted an extremely small amount (〈 10 pg/48 h/106 cells). About one-third of patients with SCC had a raised serum IL-6 value. IL-6 production may help to differentiate between SCC and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. IL-6 regulation seems to change in the course of SCC carcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Key words: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) ; Carcinoma of the uterine cervix ; Histologic type ; Carcinogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is not only a mediator in major immunologic reactions but also a growth factor of keratinocytes. We studied the IL-6 secretion in vitro of 15 human cell lines derived from both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. Four of the eight well differentiated SCC secreted a large amount (〉1500 pg/48 h/106 cells) of IL-6 in nude mice. In contrast, poorly differentiated SCC cell lines and all of the 7 adenocarcinoma cell lines secreted a small amount (〈500 pg/48 h/106 cells of IL-6). The expression of IL-6 mRNA of the cell lines correlated well with their IL-6 secretion potential. However, the expression of IL-6 receptor did not correlate with the IL-6 secretory potential. We also studied the IL-6 secretion of freshly isolated normal squamous epithelium and of dysplastic epithelium. In culture, two normal squamous epithelia secreted a large amount (〉2000 pg/48 h/106 cells), whereas 8 dysplasia epithelia secreted an extremely small amount (〈10 pg/ 48 h/106 cells). About one-third of patients with SCC had a raised serum IL-6 value. IL-6 production may help to differentiate between SCC and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. IL-6 regulation seems to change in the course of SCC carcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 38 (1972), S. 328-337 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two temperature-sensitive mutants of western equine encephalitis virus were detected among 96 plaques derived from virus treated with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. One of the two, tsNG 39 mutant, was able to stimulate substantial ribonucleic acid synthesis at nonpermissive temperature of 42° C, though it did not produce infectious virus or hemagglutinin. At that temperature the wild-type and mutant virus particles had identical heat stability, while the mutant virus was found to be highly thermolabile at 50° C. In addition, the mutant exhibited low virulence for adult mice. Growth and back-mutation of the mutant in the brain of mice is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 52 (1976), S. 341-345 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine) inhibited viral RNA synthesis in the replication of western equine encephalitis virus, thereby causing a reduction of virus production. The rate of inhibition of viral RNA synthesis was dependent on drug concentration and the period of treatment with the drug. These results suggest that the virus RNA synthesizing system is sensitive to the drug.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 67 (1981), S. 159-164 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A minor capsid protein was found in Western equine encephalitis virus. The minor capsid protein appeared to be produced by proteolytic cleavage of part of the newly synthesized capsid protein in infected cells and to be incorporated into nucleocapsids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Infection of BHK cells with western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus resulted in rapid inhibition of cellular DNA synthesis. The rate of inhibition of DNA synthesis depended on the multiplicity of infection, and was closely related to virus replication. Cellular DNA synthesis was not inhibited in infected BHK cells that had been irradiated with ultraviolet radiation. These results indicated that a functional viral genome was required for the inhibition of DNA synthesis by WEE virus. The sharp decrease in thymidine incorporation into the acid-insoluble fraction was not due to a change in the intracellular pool of the acid-soluble fraction. Sedimentation analysis in alkaline sucrose gradients was used to show that cellular DNA was not degraded during WEE virus infection. DNA polymerase activity in infected cells was not significantly reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 60 (1979), S. 299-309 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Western equine encephalitis virus was disrupted with Triton X-100 and subjected to isoelectric focusing in a sucrose or urea gradient. The two envelope proteins, E 1 and E 2 were not well separated in a sucrose gradient, while the E 1 and E 2 proteins were distinguished as two major peaks which focused in a urea gradient at about pH 7.5 and 10, respectively. Isolated E 1 protein refocused at pH 6.5 in a sucrose gradient isoelectric focusing column. When Western equine encephalitis virus was treated with Triton X-100 in 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 6), hemagglutinating E 1 protein was solubilized, which isoelectrofocused at pH 6.5. Purified nucleocapsids focused at pH 4 in a sucrose gradient on an isoelectric focusing column. After ribonuclease treatment of the purified nucleocapsid more than 95 per cent of the viral RNA was acid-soluble, and the nucleocapsid protein isoelectrofocused at about pH 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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